-Dense plasma effects on bound energy levels have been studied with relativistic atomic structure simulations that include intermediate coupling and configuration interaction. A general analytical formula is proposed that predicts the energy of LSJ-split levels for wide conditions of density and finite temperature and any atomic element. The achieved precision of the analytical approach allowed even to describe energy level crossings and the breakdown of level degeneration induced by dense plasma effects. Finally, a further simplification of the proposed method is developed that requests only information on energy level energies and quantum numbers of isolated atoms that are readily available.
Copyright c EPLA, 2012Introduction. -Energy level shifts of ions in dense plasmas have been found experimentally and theoretically for many decades [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The reason for this phenomenon is related to the fact that the plasma shields the nuclear attraction of the bound electron that in turn shifts the energy level toward the continuum. As the overlap of the bound electron with the free electrons depends on the bound electron configurations, different shifts are encountered for upper and lower levels thereby inducing the so-called plasma polarization shift (PPS) [16].Although the PPS and some relations to the bound orbital quantum numbers have been indicated, no general rules could be established to predict plasma screening effects in dependence on the bound electron characteristics. To reveal such dependences is an urgent need in order to provide a clear picture about the plasma influence on the energy levels and in order to study the behavior of the spectral fine structure that is also at the origin of the spectral line shift [5,11].In this work the self-consistent field ion sphere model (SCFISM) [17][18][19][20] is used. Generally, two basic screening