Effect of denervation on the mitotic index of the intestinal epithelium of the rat

Musso, Florencia Antonella; Lachat, João José; Cruz, Amanda Rodrigues; Gonçalves, Raquel

doi:10.1007/bf00219473

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…6,7 However, more precise surgical denervations produce a short-term effect in the jejunum 4,6 or no effect in the ileum. 2,3 As surgical rather than chemical denervation of the SNS is used in human medicine, we were interested in the effect of surgical SNS denervation (i.e. celiacomesenteric ganglionectomy) on intestinal epithelial turnover in each segment of the intestine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results are similar to those of others using the same surgical approach. 2,3 Thus, it appears that intestinal epithelial turnover may also recover after minimally-invasive surgical SNS denervation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A focus of prior research has been on the ANS control of intestinal epithelial cell turnover, as it is among the most rapidly regenerating tissues of the body. 1 Ablation of either branch of the ANS, the parasympathetic (PNS) or sympathetic (SNS), alters intestinal epithelial cell proliferation as indicated by a change in the mitotic index [2][3][4][5][6][7] and length of the cell cycle. 6 These data, though, are inconsistent across studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 At later time points post-PNS denervation, proliferation has been shown to be increased 4,5 or equal to that of control animals, 2,9 perhaps demonstrating a recovery over time. 2 Thus, these changes may be indirectly driven by changes in food intake after PNS denervation, rather than a direct influence of the loss of the PNS. Sympathetic denervation also exhibits varied results for regeneration of this tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7 However, a more focused surgical denervation targeting the celiacomesenteric nerves that innervate the intestine results in no change in proliferation along most of the proximal to distal axis of the intestine. [2][3][4]6 Thus, we propose that PNS or SNS denervation does not have a long-term effect on intestinal epithelial regeneration when you control for postsurgical changes in food intake and use minimally invasive surgical techniques. A recovery of function after long-term ANS denervation is seen in processes related to intestinal function, including motility, 10 food intake 11,12 and blood flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term effect of parasympathetic or sympathetic denervation on intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis

Davis

Washington

Yaniz

et al. 2017

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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This study investigates the long-term effect of autonomic denervation on intestinal epithelial cell turnover, as measured by proliferation, apoptosis, and total cell number. Although previous research has established that autonomic denervation can alter intestinal epithelial turnover under short-term conditions, here we establish for the first time that these changes do not persist long-term when you control for surgical-induced changes in food intake and use targeted denervation procedures. These findings add to the base of knowledge on autonomic control of tissue turnover, highlight the ability of the intestinal epithelium to recover after autonomic injury and reveal possible implications of the use of ANS denervation for disease treatment in humans. AbstractIntestinal epithelial tissue is constantly regenerated as a means to maintain proper tissue function. Previous studies have demonstrated that denervation of the parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous system to the intestine alters this process. However, results are inconsistent between studies, showing both increases and decreases in proliferation after denervation of the parasympathetic or sympathetic. The effect appears to correlate with (1) the timing post-denervation, (2) denervation-induced changes in food intake, (3) the denervation technique used, and (4) which intestinal segment is investigated. Thus, we proposed that parasympathetic or sympathetic denervation does not have an effect on intestinal epithelial regeneration when you (1) evaluate denervation after long-term denervation, (2) control for post-surgical changes in food intake, (3) use minimally invasive surgical techniques and (4) include a segmental analysis. To test this, adult male Sprague Dawley rats underwent parasympathetic denervation via subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, sympathetic denervation via celiacomesenteric ganglionectomy, a parasympathetic denervation sham surgery, or a sympathetic denervation sham surgery. Sham surgery ad libitum-fed groups and sham surgery pair-fed groups were used to control for surgically induced changes in food intake. Three weeks post-surgery, animals were sacrificed and tissue from the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum was excised and immunohistochemically processed to visualize indicators of proliferation (bromodeoxyuridine-positive cells) and apoptosis (caspase-3-positive cells). Results showed no differences between groups in proliferation, apoptosis, or total cell number in any intestinal segment. These results suggest that parasympathetic or sympathetic denervation does not have a significant long-term effect on intestinal epithelial turnover. Thus, intestinal epithelial regeneration is able to recover after autonomic nervous system injury.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Long-term effect of parasympathetic or sympathetic denervation on intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis

Davis

Washington

Yaniz

et al. 2017

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Effects of guanethidine‐induced sympathectomy on morphology of the pre‐ and postclosure lleum of the neonatal rat

McKenzie

Klein

1982

Am. J. Anat.

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The disappearance of the characteristic supranuclear vacuole and extensive apical canalicular system from enterocytes of the ileal villi occurs during the third postnatal week in rats. This phenomenon is associated with loss of permeability of these cells to macromolecules and is therefore termed closure. The present study was designed to analyze the influence of neonatal guanethidine (GTN)-induced sympathectomy on the morphology of the pre- and postclosure ileum of the rat. Light and electron microscopy of control and GTN-sympathectomized rats demonstrated the retention of immature, vacuolated cells on ileal villi as late as 23 days postnatally in GTN-treated rats. Villi from control rats contained only adultlike nonpermeable cells. Electron microscopy further demonstrated no structural differences in the apical canalicular system or storage vacuoles of the delayed cells in GTN rats when compared to the ileal epithelium from preclosure time periods (7 and 15 days) in both GTN-sympathectomized and control rats. Goblet cells were counted on Periodic-Acid-Schiff-stained sections of ileum from 7, 15, and 23-day GTN and control rats. The percentage of goblet cells in the total epithelial cell population of the villus was significantly higher in control versus GTN rats at all time periods. The percentage of goblet cells increased in both groups from day 7 to 15. However, closure in the control group (approximately day 18) was coincident with a steep increase in the percentage of ileal goblet cells which was not evident in the goblet-cell population of the GTN villus. This pattern of change in control versus GTN goblet-cell production was correlated with a similar pattern of variation in the number of crypt cell mitoses between the two groups over the same time period.

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Denervation‐induced changes in cell proliferation in the rat molar after wounding

et al. 1986

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The dental pulp has the capacity to initiate and maintain repair after trauma. The purpose of the present study was to quantitatively analyze the role of the peripheral nervous system in regulation of pulpal cell proliferation in response to wounding. Six groups of ten rats were used in these studies. There was one baseline group (wounded, but innervation intact) and five resection groups. The resection groups included rats with unilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy (SCG), unilateral inferior alveolar nerve resection (IAN), unilateral chorda tympani (CT) resection, IAN + SCG, or a complete unilateral nerve resection (IAN + SCG + CT). One millimeter of enamel and dentin was removed from the first mandibular molar on the experimental (resected) side. Therefore, each rat had an experimental and control molar. Rats were killed at various intervals from day 0 to day 15 after wounding and received 0.5 muCi/g b.wt. 3H-thymidine 1 hour before death. For the baseline (innervation intact) data a peak in 3H-thymidine incorporation occurred at 5 days after wounding. In the resected groups, there was a general increase in the number of labeled cells at the zero time point, and a suppression of the 5-day peak with a delay in the proliferative response to wounding. The SCG + IAN-resected group maintained the lowest number of labeled cells throughout the entire experimental period compared to the experimental baseline data and the two controls. At the initial and termination points the SCG + IAN-resected groups demonstrated the highest number of labeled cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Effect of denervation on the mitotic index of the intestinal epithelium of the rat

Cited by 33 publications

References 17 publications

Long-term effect of parasympathetic or sympathetic denervation on intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis

Long-term effect of parasympathetic or sympathetic denervation on intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis

Effects of guanethidine‐induced sympathectomy on morphology of the pre‐ and postclosure lleum of the neonatal rat

Denervation‐induced changes in cell proliferation in the rat molar after wounding

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