Effect of Denervation on Enzymes in Iris and Blood Vessels

Burn, J. H.; Philpot, Flora J.; Trendelenburg, U.

doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1954.tb00856.x

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Intravenously injected physostigmine did not potentiate the responses to adrenaline in the two experiments in which adrenaline was administered to atropinized cats. This result confirms that reported previously by Burn et al (1954).…”

Section: Sec Atropinesupporting

confidence: 94%

“…They too were slightly depressed in height but were unaltered in duration. Previous workers (Secker, 1937;Burn, Philpot & Trendelenburg, 1954) have reported that physostigmine may potentiate the response of the membrane to adrenaline. Out of a total of nine experiments in which responses to adrenaline were studied, slight potentiation (about 12%) was observed only twice and this was in the two experiments in which physostigmine (200 pg/kg) was injected intravenously.…”

Section: Effect Of Physostigmine Ard Atropinementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Physostigmine on the Mechanical and Electrical Responses of the Cat Nictitating Membrane

Bowman¹,

Callingham²,

Cuthbert

1964

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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The effects of physostigmine on the electrical and mechanical responses of the nictitating membrane elicited by single nerve shocks have been studied in cats anaesthetized with a mixture of chloralose and pentobarbitone. The results were variable but the most consistent effect, observed with large doses of physostigmine, was a depression and prolongation of the contractions which was sometimes associated with augmentation of *the characteristic rhythmic electrical activity of the smooth muscle. Although the amplitude of single responses was depressed, incomplete tetanic contractions were sometimes increased in tension because of the greater fusion which occurred as a result of prolongation of the units of contraction. Possible mechanisms underlying the effect of physostigmine are discussed. Burn, Rand & Wein (1963) found that, using repetitive stimulation and isotonic recording, physostigmine caused a pronounced increase in the amplitude of the contractions of the nictitating membrane elicited by postganglionic stimulation of the cervical sympathetic trunk. The effect was more marked the lower the frequency of stimulation. Gardiner, Hellmann & Thompson (1962) on the other hand, using similar experimental conditions, found little or no effect with physostigmine, but their graphs do suggest a slight potentiation when the number of stimuli delivered to the postganglionic nerve was low. Neither group of authors used single shock stimulation. In skeletal muscle, potentiation of contractions by anticholinesterases is seen only when single twitches are recorded; tetanic responses are unaffected or depressed (Brown, 1937;Blaber & Bowman, 1963a). We decided, therefore, to study the effect of physostigmine on the mechanical and electrical responses of the nictitating membrane of the cat induced by single shocks applied to the pre-and postganglionic nerve trunks. Nystrom (1962) used the same preparation but he employed mainly preganglionic stimulation and, in his pharmacological studies, recorded only the electrical activity of the membrane. METHODSThe experiments were performed on cats anaesthetized by intravenous or intraperitoneal injection of a mixture of chloralose (8 ml./kg of a 1% solution) and pentobarbitone sodium (6 mg/kg). The trachea was cannulated low in the neck, and the upper end, together with the larynx, the oesophagus and the overlying muscles, was removed. The superior cervical ganglion on the right side was exposed and the postganglionic fibres supplying the nictitating * Present address:

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Section: Sec Atropinesupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Effect Of Physostigmine Ard Atropinementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Physostigmine on the Mechanical and Electrical Responses of the Cat Nictitating Membrane

Bowman¹,

Callingham²,

Cuthbert

1964

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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“…It has been demonstrated by Burn, then later by Cervoni et al (Burn, Philpot, Trendelenburg, 1954;Cervoni, West, Pink, 1956), that physostigmine potentiated the contracting effect of adrenaline on the nictitating membrane of the cat, and at the same time the pressor effect of adrenaline decreased. The authors have suggested that the effect of physostigmine is being independent of the trans mission of the adrenergic impulses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Possible Role of Cholinergic Effects in the Noradrenaline Potentiating Action of Imipramine

Fekete

1966

Pharmacology

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“…Considering the limitations of the method used, this suggestion is hardly sufficient to make major changes in our present well established views on constrictor fiber control of the effector cells. Mono amine oxidase is very widespread in the tissues and is not found only in connection with adrenergic neuroeffector units (259); sympathetic degenera tion does not significantly lower its concentration in vascular walls (62). It does not seem to be of dominant importance for the destruction at least of circulating catechols (145,147).…”

Section: Nervous Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Circulation

Folkow¹

1956

Annu. Rev. Physiol.

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It was intended that the present article should· deal with the complete literature of the field, published from June 1954 to June 1955, but unfor tunately it does not do so. Thus, papers appearing in journals which have been delayed in delivery could not be included, and with all probability others have simply been overlooked, for which apologies are extended.There seem to be as many definitions of peripheral circulation as there are workers in the field. The definition here preferred covers a discussion of all papers dealing with physiological aspects of the circulatory system with exclusion of those with bearing on the heart and its performance, which are dealt with elsewhere in this book. Pharmacological and therapeutic studies are not discussed here, interesting as they may be. Further, to avoid overlap ping, brief preliminary reports are generally omitted, as the studies can and will be dealt with more satisfactorily in future reviews when they have been published in full detail. ApPARATUS AND METHODSPressure and pulse wave measurements.-New manometers, suitable for measuring pressures (190) or pressure differences (or both) (37, 333) have been described, with one of which (333) the author has very favourable personal experience. In man the left atrium has been punctured percutane ously (43, 355) allowing a measurement of the pressures in this and adjacent parts of the cardiovascular system. Also the pulmonary artery can be punc tured for pressure measurements, either percutaneously (356) or by endos copy from the main bronchus (141). This may be of great advantage as it is evident from another study (457) that the movements of the usual cathe ters, caused by the beating of the heart, can produce significant artifacts in the recorded pressure curves. Further, a simple and convenient procedure for arterial catheterisation, useful both for obtaining samples and pressure records, has been worked out (34). Schroeder's method for pressure measure ment has been compared with a direct recording of arterial pressure (176), and at more pronounced pressure changes the error is rather big. Some other more or less simple techniques for continuous recording of pressure variations (17,53,204) and mean pressure (25) are described and also methods for evaluation of the pressure in smaller arterial vessels (�2, 277). The techniques for indirect measurement of arterial pressure in rats has been critically ana lyzed, and a new modification of satisfactory exactness is described (351) . On the whole, in the last ten years the enthusiasm for new, more or less intricate ways to measure arterial blood pressure has been so great that one I The following abbreviations have been used in this chapter: VDM (Vasopressor material); VEM (Vasoexcitor material); ATP (adenosinetriphosphate). 159Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1956.18:159-194. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org Access provided by University of California -San Francisco UCSF on 02/09/15. For personal use only.Quick links to online content Further ANNUAL REVIEWS

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Effect of Denervation on Enzymes in Iris and Blood Vessels

Cited by 23 publications

References 9 publications

The Effects of Physostigmine on the Mechanical and Electrical Responses of the Cat Nictitating Membrane

The Effects of Physostigmine on the Mechanical and Electrical Responses of the Cat Nictitating Membrane

A Possible Role of Cholinergic Effects in the Noradrenaline Potentiating Action of Imipramine

Peripheral Circulation

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