Effect of deficit irrigation and reclaimed water on yield and quality of grapefruits at harvest and postharvest

Trigueros, Cristina Romero; Parra, María Dolores Serrano; Bayona, J.M.; Tortosa, Pedro Antonio Nortes; Alarcón, Juan José; Nicolás, Emilio

doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2017.05.001

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Taste was greatly improved by water stress, which was mainly reflected in the content of SS and TSS. The content of SS and TSS increased under water stress during the fruit expanding stage, the same conclusion was shown for grapefruits and grapes [38,39] . This is because the product of the accumulation of photosynthesis would be more distributed to the reproductive organs under water stress, eventually leading to an apparent enhancement in the sugar content.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Effects of water stress at different growth stages on comprehensive fruit quality and yield in different bunches of tomatoes in greenhouses

Shi¹,

Cao²,

Wang³

et al. 2019

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of tomato quality and yield between different bunches and the differences between the two comprehensive evaluation methods on tomato quality ranking under water stress. Two degrees of water stress including mild water stress (W1) and moderate water stress (W2), and three growth stages that water stress applied including seedling stage (S1), flowering stage (S2) and fruit expanding stage (S3) were tested in this study. The yield and quality of different bunches of tomatoes under water stress during different growth stages were determined as responses, and the comprehensive fruit quality ranking and yield of the second and third bunches were evaluated. The results showed that water stress was important for the improvement of fruit quality, but fruit yield decreased during water stress. The yield of the third tomato bunch decreased from 11.69% (W1S1) to 30.60% (W2S2) compared to control (97.57 t/hm 2), and the effects of mild water stress on fruit yield were minimal at the early growth stage. However, the fruit quality in terms of soluble sugar (SS), total soluble solids (TSS), vitamin C (VC), and firmness (F) improved under water stress compared to control. The combined effects of water stress and its application period significantly affected SS and TSS. Water stress significantly improved the content of SS and TSS in the later growth period compared to seedling and flowering stages. Meanwhile, there was a significant difference in tomato quality between the second and third bunches of fruit, especially in the content of SS, organic acid (OA) and lycopene (L). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) were used to evaluate comprehensive fruit quality, and the best treatment in terms of the fruit quality was W1S3 for both bunches. The rank-sum ratio (RSR) method was used to evaluate fruit quality and yield, the results showed that W1S3 ranked first based on PCA and W1S1 ranked first based on GRA. Water stress enhanced tomato quality but inevitably reduced its yield during each growth stage. The application of mild water stress during the fruit expanding stage (W1S3) was considered to be the best treatment to provide satisfactory fruit quality and yield based on RSR.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Effects of water stress at different growth stages on comprehensive fruit quality and yield in different bunches of tomatoes in greenhouses

Shi¹,

Cao²,

Wang³

et al. 2019

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

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“…Thus, techniques for optimizing water productivity as the regulated deficit irrigation (RDI), where water deficits are imposed during phenological periods when the tree is the least sensitive to water stress, and with little impact on fruit yield (Romero-Trigueros et al, 2017) or the use of non-conventional water sources in agriculture as a component of effective water conservation strategies, are required in regions with water scarcity (Romero-Trigueros et al, 2019). Doing so will not prevent a drought from occurring, but it can help in preventing droughts to result in famine and socioeconomic disruption (FAO, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ripening Indices, Olive Yield and Oil Quality in Response to Irrigation With Saline Reclaimed Water and Deficit Strategies

et al. 2019

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The 70% worldwide surface of olive orchards is irrigated. The evaluation of non-conventional water resources and water-saving techniques has gained importance during the last decades in arid and semiarid environments. This study evaluated the effects of irrigation with two water sources: low-cost water DEsalination and SEnsoR Technology (DESERT) desalinated water (DW) ECw ∼1 dS m−1) and reclaimed water (RW) (ECw ∼ 3 dS m−1) combined with two irrigation strategies: full irrigation (FI) (100% of ETc) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI, 50% of ETc) on fruit yield, ripening indices, and oil yield and quality of olive trees cv Arbosana planted in Mediterranean conditions. Our results showed that RW without water restrictions increased the fruit yield by 35% due to a slight increase in the fruit weight and, mainly, to a greater fruit set than the control trees; although this did not result in a higher oil yield (g tree−1) since the oil content per fruit dry weight was reduced. The RDI strategy did not decrease the fruit yield despite the fact that olive weight tended to decrease, and it increased the oil yield by ∼14.5%. The combination of both stresses (RW and RDI) neither decreased the fruit yield; however, it significantly reduced oil yield (25% less in 2018) since oil content per fruit dry weight was strongly reduced (40%) compared to control trees. Both RDI treatments, regardless water source, determined acidity levels in olive paste lower than in FI treatments; however, it reduced oil extractability and fatty yield. The finding about oil quality indicated that olive exposure to RW, regardless of the water amount, decreased oil quality mainly due to the reduction of oleic acid and the increase of C18:2/C18:3 ratio and peroxides; on the contrary, both RW and RDI improved the total polyphenols. In all cases, the parameters met the legislation. In short, with appropriate management, RW and RDI have great potential to manage oil olive production; nevertheless, studies subjected to long-term use of these techniques should be experienced to ensure the sustainability of oil yields and quality.

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“…Therefore, RDI treatments saved about 14.0 and 12.9% for the grapefruit and mandarin in the medium‐term period and 16.3 and 14.9 for grapefruit and mandarin in the long term. The annual amount of water applied during the whole experiment period (2008–2015) has been published in for mandarin crop and, in for grapefruit crop, and it is displayed in Table .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medium‐long term effects of saline reclaimed water and regulated deficit irrigation on fruit quality of citrus

et al. 2019

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BACKGROUND: Non-conventional water sources and water-saving techniques can be valuable in semi-arid regions, although their long-term effects on citrus quality are little known. This study evaluated the effects of irrigation with two sources, transfer water (TW) and reclaimed water (RW), combined with two irrigation strategies, full irrigation (FI) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI), on fruit quality of mandarins and grapefruits during eight growth seasons. RESULTS: Reclaimed water irrigation in mandarin, without water restriction, influenced maturity index (MI) less than TW-FI, because titratable acidity (TA) increased to a greater degree than soluble solid contents (SSC).Nevertheless, juice quality standards were satisfied. Regardless of the irrigation treatment (FI or RDI), a trend towards increasing fruit weight was also detected with RW. In grapefruit, its rootstock (Citrus macrophylla) enhanced salinity resilience with respect to the rootstock of mandarin ('Carrizo' citrange) and, hence, MI was not affected by RW. The RDI strategy, without saline stress (TW-RDI), increased, to a similar degree, both SSC and TA in mandarin fruit, not affecting the MI. In grapefruit, the water stress of RDI did improve the MI due to the TA did not change and SSC increased significantly, the TA did not change. The combination of both strategies, RW-RDI, decreased the MI only in some years because TA increased proportionally more than SSC in mandarin. CONCLUSIONS:The medium-and long-term feasibility of using RW and RDI to irrigate citrus was demonstrated. However, they must be performed cautiously and with appropriate management to avoid damaging fruit quality as a result of phytotoxic elements. Grapefruit response to irrigation with RW and RDIUnlike grapefruit, the weight of RW (FI) treatment fruit did not increase during the long-term period because their yield was not affected by RW.

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Effect of deficit irrigation and reclaimed water on yield and quality of grapefruits at harvest and postharvest

Cited by 37 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of water stress at different growth stages on comprehensive fruit quality and yield in different bunches of tomatoes in greenhouses

Effects of water stress at different growth stages on comprehensive fruit quality and yield in different bunches of tomatoes in greenhouses

Ripening Indices, Olive Yield and Oil Quality in Response to Irrigation With Saline Reclaimed Water and Deficit Strategies

Medium‐long term effects of saline reclaimed water and regulated deficit irrigation on fruit quality of citrus

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