Effect of deep-stacking broiler litter on pathogenic bacteria, intake, digestibility, microbial protein supply and rumen parameters in sheep

Baluch-Gharaei, H.; Rouzbehan, Y.; Fazaeli, H.; Rezaei, J.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.11.001

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Increase of CP level in a feed should come from conventional feed resources (Baluch-Gharaei et al, 2015). The CP content of most grasses decreased with …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Napier grass which is the most popular forage cultivar used by farmers in east Africa including Rwanda to feed cattle (Klapwijk et al, 2014) had the lowest DM at 90 DAP. This suggests that tested Brachiaria cultivars might offer more advantages on nutritional characteristics than Napier grass at 90 DAP.Increase of CP level in a feed should come from conventional feed resources (Baluch-Gharaei et al, 2015). The CP content of most grasses decreased with …”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of cutting time on agronomic and nutritional characteristics of nine commercial cultivars of Brachiaria grass compared with Napier grass during establishment under semi-arid conditions in Rwanda

Mutimura¹,

Ebong²,

Rao³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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A study was conducted to identify the most productive cultivars and their cutting management to optimize nutrient productivity in semi-arid areas of Rwanda. Four cultivars of Brachiaria brizantha (Piatá, MG4, Marandú and Xaraes), two cultivars of Brachiaria humidicola (Llanero and Humidicola), two cultivars of Brachiaria hybrid (Mulato and Mulato II) and one cultivar of Brachiaria decumbens (Basilisk) were evaluated against Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) in an on-farm trial in a complete randomised block design with four replicates. Forage samples were collected at 60, 90 and 120 days after planting (DAP) and analysed for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF). The nutritional values were also estimated using in vitro gas production (IVGP) and its kinetic parameters, in vitro apparent degradable dry matter (ivADDM), digestible organic matter (DOM), metabolisable energy (ME), partitioning factor (PF) and degradable efficiency factor (DEF). For all cultivars and species, the DM, CP, OM, ivADDM and DOM increased from 60 to 90 DAP and declined thereafter. The NDF contents increased with increase in plant age. Grasses cut at 90 DAP had the highest gas production. The ME differed among grasses and DAP where Piatá had the highest. Furthermore, degradability parameters (A, B, C) and half time (T 1/2 ) differed among grasses and between cutting times. The PF and DEF were correlated with ME. The most promising cultivars were Basilisk, Marandú, Piatá and Mulato II because of their high in these nutritional characteristics.Key words: Chemical composition, metabolisable energy, degradability parameters, degradation efficiency factor. INTRODUCTIONIntensification of ruminant livestock production is gaining momentum in a number of sub-Saharan African countries due to increasing population pressure and decline in grazing areas (Thornton and Herrero, 2014). Even farmers with access to open grazing land experience frequent feed shortage due to climate change and variability (Chirat et al., 2014).Feeds and feeding, especially for dairy cows are a critical issue for smallholder farmers in Rwanda, mostly during the dry season (Klapwijk et al., 2014). In the tropics, grasses are the most ecologically reliable and economically justifiable feed resources (Pedreira et al., 2011) because of their morphological characteristics which enable efficient water use, and rapid recovery after periods of drought (Batistoti et al., 2012). Therefore, improving tropical forages is essential for environmental protection and sustainable livestock feed and food futures for livestock and people (Baudron et al., 2015). Brachiaria grasses are among the most important tropical grasses that originated from Africa and improved in Americas through agronomic selection and breeding (Miles et al., 2004). They have demonstrated to be highly productive, nutritive and socially acceptable in Asia and Africa for different livestock production systems (Vendramini et al., 2014). In tropical areas, the most sensitiv...

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“…Increase of CP level in a feed should come from conventional feed resources (Baluch-Gharaei et al, 2015). The CP content of most grasses decreased with …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cutting time on agronomic and nutritional characteristics of nine commercial cultivars of Brachiaria grass compared with Napier grass during establishment under semi-arid conditions in Rwanda

Mutimura¹,

Ebong²,

Rao³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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“…(2006) found that long-term feeding of Cu-containing pasture to sheep significantly decreased the total population of rumen ciliate protozoa. Recently, Baluch-Gharaei et al. (2015) also reported that the total population of rumen protozoa and sub-family of Entoniniinae were significantly reduced as the level of deep-stack RPB increased in the diet of sheep as compared with a diet free of poultry litter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Studies conducted on the use of poultry litter as a feed ingredient have mainly focused on the productive performance of livestock. Different processed RPB has been successfully used in ruminant diets ( Negesse et al., 2007 , Azizi-Shotorkhoft et al., 2013 , Baluch-Gharaei et al., 2015 ). Recycled poultry bedding contains copper (Cu) which has an inhibitory effect on the activity of ruminal protozoa ( Kišidayová et al., 2000 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and ruminal parameters of fattening Moghani lambs fed recycled poultry bedding

et al. 2017

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This study investigated the effects of recycled poultry bedding (RPB) on performance and protozoa population, microbial enzyme activity and microbial protein synthesis (MPS) in rumen contents of fattening lambs. Thirty-six male Moghani lambs (31.4 ± 3.2 kg body weight) were fed iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets containing 0, 70, 140 or 210 g/kg dry matter (DM) RPB in a balanced randomized design (9 lambs per treatment). Results showed that final body weight, DM intake, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio were unchanged (P > 0.05) by RPB inclusion. Total protozoa population and sub-family of Entoniniinae and Diplodiniiae were linearly decreased by RPB (L, P < 0.05). For rumen fibrolytic enzymes including carboxymethyl-cellulase, microcrystalline-cellulase and filter paper degrading activity, the extra cellular, cellular and total (extra cellular plus cellular fraction) activity were similar (P > 0.05) by feeding the experimental diets. Inclusion of RPB in the diet linearly decreased extra cellular and total α-amylase activity (L, P < 0.05), while cellular activity was unchanged (P > 0.05). The extra cellular activity of proteases tended to increase (L, P = 0.07) and their total and cellular activity increased (P > 0.05) in lambs fed RPB. Incorporation of RPB into the diet had no effect (L, P > 0.05) on urinary purine derivative excretion and MPS. In conclusion, inclusion of RPB up to 210 g/kg DM had no negative impact on performance, ruminal fibrolytic enzyme activity and MPS, while it increased rumen protease activity and decreased protozoa population in fattening Moghani lambs.

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“…This affirms the positive effect of poultry manure on the growth of goats. Ruminants usually require a balance of natural protein and non-protein nitrogen for both weight gain and feed intake (Baluch-Gharaei et al, 2015). The poor growth rate of the goats could have been attributed by an imbalance of natural proteins and nonprotein nitrogen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poultry manure as a protein supplement in indigenous goat production in Zimbabwe

Washaya¹,

Tavirimirwa²,

Namilonga³

et al. 2018

Int. J. Livest. Prod.

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The abundance of poultry litter in most farms in the sub-Saharan Africa is becoming an environmental problem. The objective of this study is to evaluate the proximate value, in-vitro digestibility of dried poultry manure (DPM) and its subsequent effect on growth, pH, and volatile fatty acid production of indigenous goats in Zimbabwe. Eighteen goats were randomly allocated to two treatment diets: grazing veld grass plus ad libitum browsing of Luecaena leucocephala (T1) and 25% dry poultry manure plus 75% maize meal (MM) (T2), in a completely randomised design. Three samples of 2 g each T 1 and T 2 diets were subjected to standard procedures, for proximate analysis; a two stage Tilley and Terry was used to evaluate dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility of the diets. The results show no significant differences between treatment diets for DM, ether extract (EE) and Ash; however T 1 had higher (P<0.05) CP, ADF and CF compared to T 2. The NDF content of T 2 was significantly higher (P<0.05) than T 1. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in DM and OM digestibility between treatments; T 1 showed higher DM and OM digestibility compared to T 2. Diet and sex of animals significantly (P< 0.05) influenced DMI, ADG and total gain (TG). Male animals in the control diet consumed more feed, gained more per day and showed the highest growth rate compared to female animals (P<0.05). The rumen liquor pH for animals in T 1 was significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to T 2; however the sex of animal did not influence overall pH of rumen liquor (P>0.05). Diet and sex of animals significantly influenced (P<0.05) the total VFA production. Male animals in T 2 exhibited the highest (P<0.05) total VFAs. In conclusion, although there were some nutrient inadequacies (ash, ADF) in poultry manure feed, it can support goat production at a marginal scale and positively influence pH and VFA production.

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Effect of deep-stacking broiler litter on pathogenic bacteria, intake, digestibility, microbial protein supply and rumen parameters in sheep

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of cutting time on agronomic and nutritional characteristics of nine commercial cultivars of Brachiaria grass compared with Napier grass during establishment under semi-arid conditions in Rwanda

Effect of cutting time on agronomic and nutritional characteristics of nine commercial cultivars of Brachiaria grass compared with Napier grass during establishment under semi-arid conditions in Rwanda

Performance and ruminal parameters of fattening Moghani lambs fed recycled poultry bedding

Poultry manure as a protein supplement in indigenous goat production in Zimbabwe

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