Effect of dates of sowing with residual nutrient of preceding crop and direct impact of nutrients at varying levels on yield, nutrient uptake and economics of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) in northern hills of Chhattisgarh

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive rabi 2016-17 and 2017-18, at Mainpat, Chhattisgarh to find out the suitable date of sowing, residual nutrient of preceding crop and direct effect of nutrient at varying levels on succeeding buckwheat for obtaining higher productivity, profitability nutrient uptake and quality of local buckwheat cultivars in hilly area of Chhattisgarh. The experiment was laid out in split-split plot design with three date of sowing viz., D1-1 st week of October, D2-3 rd week of October and D3-1 st week of November as main plot treatments and three residual nutrient effect of preceding crop viz., F1-100% RDF, F2-100% RDF + 5 t FYM ha -1 and F3-150% RDF as sub plot treatments and three direct application of nutrients viz., F0-Control, F1-50% RDF and F2-100% RDF on buckwheat, as sub-sub plot treatments. Results revealed that sowing of buckwheat on 1 st week of October (D1), recorded significantly higher plant height (85.77, 86.28 cm), primary branches plant -1 (6.70, 6.80), dry matter accumulation plant -1 (7.07, 7.17 g), number of seeds plant -1 (171.19, 177.04), seed weight plant -1 (4.19, 4.25 g) and 1000 seed weight (22.53, 22.66 g), seed yield (9.41, 9.52 q ha -1 ), NPK uptake by grains, net return ( 24207, 25430 ha -1 ) and B:C ratio (2.80, 2.75). Higher protein content (13.07, 13.32%), but no significantly affected by the date of sowing. Among the residual nutrient of preceding crop with 150% RDF recorded significantly higher all growth characteristics, yield attributes, seed yield, NPK uptakes, protein content, net return and B:C ratio. Irrespective of direct application of nutrients with 100% RDF recorded significantly higher plant height plant height (80.33, 81.07 cm), primary branches plant -1 (6.73, 6.82), dry matter accumulation plant -1 (6.91, 7.00 g), number of seeds plant -1 (165.46, 170.06), seed weight plant -1 (4.29, 4.34 g) and 1000 seed weight (22.65, 22.69 g), seed yield (9.02, 9.08 q ha -1 ), NPK uptake by grains, protein content (13.16, 13.44%) and net return ( 21319, 22230 ha -1 ), except B:C ratio (2.52, 2.46), it was recorded under control (F1) treatment.

Influence of residual maize crop residue management techniques and fertilizer levels on growth and productivity of zero till maize in rice-maize sequence

“…This could be because of increased amount of leftover nutrients linked with the increased fertility levels used in the previous rice harvest, which affected crop growth and yield attributes, ultimately enhancing the grain yield of the succeeding maize. The findings were consistent with those of Rathiya et al (2020) and Pradhan et al (2021), who found that leftover nutrients had a favourable effect on the yield of the next crop that recorded the highest grain yield.…”