Effect of Danofloxacin on Reactive Oxygen Species Production, Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Kidney Tubular Epithelial Cell Line, LLC‐PK1

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility that oxidative stress was involved in danofloxacin-induced toxicity in renal tubular cells epithelial cell line (LLC-PK1). Confluent LLC-PK1 cells were incubated with various concentrations of danofloxacin. The extent of oxidative damage was assessed by measuring the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, lipid peroxidation, cell apoptosis and antioxidative enzyme activities. Danofloxacin induced a concentration-dependent increase in the ROS production, not even cytotoxic conditions. Similarly, danofloxacin caused an about 4 times increase in the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances at the concentration of 400 lM for 24 hr, but it did not induce cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Antioxidant enzymes activities, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), were increased after treatment with 100, 200 and 400 lM of danofloxacin for 24 hr. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) was significantly decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, ROS production, lipid peroxidation and GPX decline were inhibited by additional glutathione and N-acetyl cysteine. These data suggested that danofloxacin could not induce oxidative stress in LLC-PK1 cells at the concentration (≤400 lM) for 24 hr. The increase levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation could be partly abated by the increase activities of SOD and CAT.

LZ-101, a novel derivative of danofloxacin, induces mitochondrial apoptosis by stabilizing FOXO3a via blocking autophagy flux in NSCLC cells

“…Previous studies indicated that high concentrations of danofloxacin displayed cytotoxic effects involved apoptosis and/or necrosis. Danofloxacin also induced a concentration-dependent increase in ROS production in renal tubular cells epithelial cell line (LLC-PK1) 23 . In the current study, we showed that LZ-101 had an effective anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo by stabilizing FOXO3a via blocking autophagy flux, eventually leading to mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis.…”

Effects of Quercetin on Proliferation and H2O2-Induced Apoptosis of Intestinal Porcine Enterocyte Cells

“…Most of the studies focused on the changes in the redox system of cells under the condition of more serious oxidative damage (cell vitality was about 50%) and under these severe oxidative damage conditions, some exogenous antioxidants increased the antioxidant enzyme activities decreased by oxidative stress [ 50 , 58 ]. However, during the initial stage of oxidative damage, there was a protective change in some antioxidant enzymes [ 59 , 60 ]. There was no definite information about whether the exogenous drugs pretreatment will reverse these changes in low-degree oxidative cells.…”

Ferulic acid (FA) protects human retinal pigment epithelial cells from H2O2‐induced oxidative injuries

“…After treating cells in different conditions, total cell extracts were prepared and protein concentration was determined by Bradford method as described by Yu et al 16 The activities of SOD, CAT and GPX, and the content of MDA and GSH were measured spectrophotometrically using respective commercial diagnostic kits. All experimental procedures are strictly followed by the manufacturer's protocols.…”