Effect of cypermethrin on the histoarchitecture of gills and liver of a freshwater catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus

Effects of different chemotherapeutics were examined against experimentally infected stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis. Fish were collected from a fish market in Mymensingh, acclimatized for 7 days in laboratory condition from January to February, 2016 in aquaria at Fish Clinic of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, experimentally injured by using forceps and knife and waited seven days for the establishment of infection. Before starting chemotherapeutic trial, it was confirmed that the fish were infected with microorganisms by clinical diagnosis in laboratory condition. They showed hemorrhages and ulcerative lesions over the infected area. A total of 80 such experimentally infected stinging catfish having average body weight of 18 g were used for the experiment. Two chemotherapeutics: antibiotic, Eryvet (erythromycin thiocyanate INN, sulphadiazine (NaUSP) & trimithoprim BP) and antifungal, methylene blue were used in separate and combined treatment with three different doses of antibiotic. The same dose of methylene blue, 0.2 mg/l, was used for separate and combined treatment by antibiotic. Doses of antibiotic (Eryvet) were 0.8 g/10 kg body weight of fish, 1g/10 kg body weight of fish and 1.2 g/10 kg body weight of fish as lower dose, recommended dose and higher dose respectively. For combined treatment the above different doses of antibiotic and the same dose of antifungal were used. Water was exchanged regularly. The chemotherapeutic trial was conducted for 7 days and observation was continued for another 8 days to observe the effect of treatment. Combined treatment with the recommended dose of the antibiotic and methylene blue showed the best result where 90% fish were recovered. By the treatment with the higher dose of the antibiotic 70% fish were recovered. Antifungal treatment showed that 20% fish were recovered. All the fish in negative control aquarium died.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Effects of chemotherapeutics against experimentally injured stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis

Neowajh

Rashid

Asif

et al. 2018

“…These incorporated sodium chloride, formalin, malachite green, methylene blue, potassium permanganate, sumithion, cypermethrin, glutaradehyde and tryfliralin. (Phillips, 2000;Hasan and Ahmed, 2001;Brown and Brooks, 2002;DoF, 2002;Sharmin et al, 2016;Hossain et al, 2016;Monir et al, 2015;Faruk et al, 2005;Chowdhury et al, 2015;Shabuj et al, 2016;Yeasmin et al, 2016;Neowajh et al, 2017). Additional widespread old-fashioned aqua-medicines encompassed Megazeo plus, oxy-aqua, paeicox ,Lisovit, Timcel, Raj-Fume, Oxytetracin, Eon fish vita , Bio-ox, Oralyte, Zeo-fish, Zeo-prime, Ecolite, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present status of aqua-medicines used in aquaculture at Jessore sadar upazila, Bangladesh

Adhikary

Rahman

Asif

2018

In order to know the present status of aqua-medicines used in aquaculture activities in Jessore district, Bangladesh a rigorous investigation was conducted with fish farmers and representative of pharmaceutical companies from January, 2016 to May 2016. An extensive assortment of aqua-medicines was comprehended throughout pond prepation and water excellence administration by the agrarians. Amongst them Zeo-Fesh, Zeo Prime, Ecolite, Megazeo plus, Geotox, Jv Zeolite, Acmes, Benthos, Pond life, were extensively used in field level. Disinfectants has precise significance; far and wide used by the agrarians and the furthermost prevalent disinfectants are Pathonil, Timen, Fmsen, Virex, Aquakleen etc., the reimbursements of disinfectants are to inhibit dissimilar categories of bacterial, fungal and viral diseases resembling gill rot, tail rot, dropsy etc. to uphold sanitized circumstance in pond apparatus and floorings and in some circumstances use to treat disease. Numerous aqua-medicines were established in the aqua-medicines retailers that were informed to be used as noxious gas reducer. The obtainable deadly gas reducer were gastrap, gas stop, gasonex plus, ammonil besides that, remunerations of using venomous gas reducer are to eliminate the lethal gas like NH3, H2S, CO2 etc. since the bottommost of pond to diminish concentration of ammonia. For upgrading of dissolve oxygen level, Oxyflow, Oxymax, Bio Care, Bio-Ox, Oxy-Gold, Oxy-A, Oxylife were extensively used in the study area. A number of aqua medicines were found in the aqua-medicine enterprise used as growth promoter in addition to upsurge yield performance like, Megavit Aqua, Aqua Boots, Aquamin, Acimix etc. were extensively used in study area. Countless pharmaceutical companies have been chronicled to marketplace these aquaculture healthcare products. Furthermost of the products have been promoted from diverse republics like USA, Thailand, Malaysia, Belgium, and China and values were inconstant, but appeared to be reasonable to agrarians. The contemporaneous investigation pointed out numerous restraints concomitant with the use of such aqua-medicines, comprising nonexistence of methodological acquaintance of agrarians about use of aqua-medicines.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2018, 4(3): 288-297

“…Monir et al (2015) reported that the LC50 value of cypermethrin to Pangasianodon hypophthalmus was 0.075 ml/L over an exposure period of 96 hours.…”

Section: Discussion 41 Acute and Behavioral Toxicity Of Cypermethrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic effects of agro-pesticide cypermethrin on histological changes of kidney in Tengra, Mystus tengara

Haque

Sarkar

Khatun

et al. 2018

Cypermethrin, the synthetic pyrethroid commonly used as a pesticide, contaminates the aquatic ecosystem as a toxic pollutant from agricultural and domestic washouts. An experiment was conducted to carry out an empirical study to investigate the sub-lethal effects of LC 50 value of a pyrethroid pesticide, cypermethrin 10EC on histological changes of kidney in Tengra, Mystus tengara at wet laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh. The LC 50 value of cypermethrin 10EC was calculated by probit analysis and LC 50 value for 96 hours was found 0.133 ppm. The experiment was conducted with four treatments, each with three replications. Treatment one (T1) was used as control (0 ppm) and three concentrations, such as 0.026 ppm (20% of 96 h LC 50 ), 0.052 ppm (40% of 96 h LC 50 ) and 0.104 ppm (80% of 96 h LC 50 ) were used as Treatment two (T2), Treatment three (T3) and Treatment four (T4), respectively. For histological study kidney of studied fish were collected from control and experimental group at 7, 14 and 28 days interval up to the end of experiment of 28 days. The physical reactions observed in the treated fish were erratic swimming, discolorations of the skin, loss of reflex, hyperactivities, motionless state and these effects increased with increasing concentration of the toxicants and duration of exposure. The changes observed in the kidney tissues were vacuolation, necrosis, ruptured kidney tubules, Cellular degeneration and karyolysis were recorded. Cypermethrin 10 EC has adverse effects on the organs of fish, so it should not be used indiscriminately in agriculture and aquaculture.