Effect of current density on the cathodic protection efficiency and mechanical properties of pre-stressed high-strength steel wires for stay cable

Zhang, Longguan; Liang, Zhenzhen; Li, Shengli

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125671

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Past observations have revealed that the average corrosion rate of steel intensifies with increasing torque, regardless of the application or absence of the ICCP. 28 Research results from this investigation are consistent with the previous findings which have demonstrated that material tension can enhance both the anodic and cathodic reactions of steel in a simulated marine atmosphere. When stress is elastic and steel operates well below its yield strength, its corrosion rate is hardly noticeable.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Factors Governing the Failure of Subsea Critical Connector Bolts

Medlinsky,

Eliezer,

Hadjistassou

2023

ECS Adv.

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Impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) systems are commonly used to safeguard offshore drilling rigs and subsea equipment from corrosion. Under such service conditions as water temperature, salinity, and water velocity the corrosion rate is affected. Interactions between the factors can induce catastrophic failure to critical systems while the underlying cause is unclear. This paper proposes an approach for elucidating the corrosion process accompanying underwater applications. The service conditions of underwater application are simulated in an experimental system that records various parameters such as water temperature, reference-electrode potential, and electric current at 5 minute intervals over 21 days. This new, small-scale, experimental, and inexpensive ICCP system was developed on an “Arduino” computing unit and applied to actual ASTM A193 Grade B7 bolts tightening on an ASTM A105 flange at different torque levels. The results confirm a direct relationship between the day–night water temperature profile and the cathodic protection performance. More specifically, the ICCP performance declines with increasing water temperature. When the ICCP system is activated, gas bubbles are generated on the metal surface. Presumably these bubbles could induce hydrogen embrittlement cracks which were observed in scanning electron microscope images of the bolt cross-sections

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Factors Governing the Failure of Subsea Critical Connector Bolts

Medlinsky,

Eliezer,

Hadjistassou

2023

ECS Adv.

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“…ICCP efficiency is related to the protection current density; as the current density increases, the corrosion rate of steel decreases. 29 Current density at higher temperatures is lower than that at lower temperatures. The oxygen reduction reaction decreases according to the growth of calcareous deposits on a specimen surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…When the water temperature rises during the day, the reference electrode readings become less negative and the electrical current decreases. ICCP efficiency is related to the protection current density; as the current density increases, the corrosion rate of steel decreases 29. Current density at higher temperatures is lower than that at lower temperatures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shedding Light on the Failure Factors of Subsea Critical Fastener Bolts

Medlinsky,

Eliezer,

Hadjistassou

2024

ECS Adv.

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Offshore facilities, such as oil and gas rigs, wind turbines, and related subsea equipment, typically use flanges fastened using bolts and nuts as the main connectors. In this study, multidisciplinary parameters, namely the preload torque used to tighten bolts, simulated subsea water currents, water temperature, and impressed current cathodic protection, were applied to ASTM A193 B7 bolts. An experimental supervisory control and data acquisition system was designed to obtain measurements every 5 min throughout a 21-day experiment. Finite element analysis was performed to predict the structurally vulnerable areas of the bolts. A strong correlation was found between the reference electrode readings and the measured electrical current, tightening torque, and water temperature. As the water temperature rises during the day, the reference electrode reading becomes less negative and the electrical current decreases. Subsea water currents cause about a four-time increase in the bolt corrosion rate, with unprotected bolts suffering a nine-time-higher corrosion rate than protected bolts. A unique supply–demand interaction is observed; less protection is supplied to areas with lower corrosion rates (lower demand for protection). Finally, scanning electron microscopy examination reveals new insights into the failure mechanisms of subsea bolts.

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“…14 ICCP method needs complex power supply equipment. 15,16 Therefore, the development of improved protection technologies is essential to achieve effective protection for marine facilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SACP requires a large amount of anode materials to ensure stable protection for metals . ICCP method needs complex power supply equipment. , Therefore, the development of improved protection technologies is essential to achieve effective protection for marine facilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of TiO₂-Based Heterojunction Coatings in Photocathodic Protection

Xu,

Li,

Wen

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Photocathodic protection coating is an emerging anticorrosion technology that combines the protective characteristics of coating and cathodic protection. TiO 2 is stable and easy to prepare; however, it suffers from a low sunlight utilization rate and low photoelectric conversion efficiency. The construction of TiO 2 -based heterojunction coatings provides an effective solution to these challenges. This work summarizes the synthesis methods of TiO 2based heterojunction coatings, explores the charge-transfer mechanisms associated with various types of heterojunction coatings (e.g., type II heterojunction, p−n junction, Schottky junction, and Z-scheme heterojunction), and reviews the characterization methods used for heterojunction analysis. Finally, the application prospects and future research directions of TiO 2 -based heterojunction coatings are proposed. This study will help researchers understand the fabrication process and application of TiO 2 -based heterojunction coatings in photocathodic protection.

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Effect of current density on the cathodic protection efficiency and mechanical properties of pre-stressed high-strength steel wires for stay cable

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

Factors Governing the Failure of Subsea Critical Connector Bolts

Factors Governing the Failure of Subsea Critical Connector Bolts

Shedding Light on the Failure Factors of Subsea Critical Fastener Bolts

Review of TiO₂-Based Heterojunction Coatings in Photocathodic Protection

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Effect of current density on the cathodic protection efficiency and mechanical properties of pre-stressed high-strength steel wires for stay cable

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

Factors Governing the Failure of Subsea Critical Connector Bolts

Factors Governing the Failure of Subsea Critical Connector Bolts

Shedding Light on the Failure Factors of Subsea Critical Fastener Bolts

Review of TiO2-Based Heterojunction Coatings in Photocathodic Protection

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Product

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About

Review of TiO₂-Based Heterojunction Coatings in Photocathodic Protection