Effect of crocin on experimental atherosclerosis in quails and its mechanisms

He, Siyu; Qian, Zhiyu; Tang, Futian; Wen, Ning; Xu, Guanglin; Sheng, Liang

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2005.02.006

Cited by 164 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…[59] 6 groups: control (normally fed), model (high-fat diet), crocin (high-fat diet plus crocin in three different doses: 25, 50, 100 mg/kg), Zhibituo (lovastatin treated) for 9 weeks.…”

Section: Atherosclerosis Myocardial Ischaemia Cardioprotectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saffron: a natural product with potential pharmaceutical applications

Christodoulou

Kadoglou

Kostomitsopoulos

et al. 2015

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

163

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Objectives Recently, a great deal of interest has been developed to isolate and investigate novel bioactive components from natural resources with health beneficial effects. Saffron is the dried stigma of Crocus sativus L. and has been used for centuries in traditional medicine mainly for its healing properties, as well as for the treatment of various pathological conditions. Objectives of the present review are to unravel its therapeutic properties and investigate the potential applications of saffron in contemporary therapy of a wide spectrum of diseases and summarize previous and current evidence regarding the biological/pharmacological activities of saffron and its active ingredients and their possible therapeutic uses. Key findings Recent phytochemistry and pharmacological experiments have indicated that crocin and safranal, the major active ingredients of saffron, exert important actions, such as antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic. Unfortunately, the vast majority of those data derive from in vitro studies, whereas a limited number of in vivo experiments support the aforementioned effects. In addition to studies with mechanistic implications, very few clinical trials provide preliminary evidence of saffron potentiality to alleviate depression and increase cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Summary The history and structural features of saffron constituents are given in the first part of the review, followed by a comprehensive and critical presentation of the published preclinical and clinical studies and review papers on the pharmacology and possible therapeutic uses of saffron and its main active components crocin and safranal.

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“…[59] 6 groups: control (normally fed), model (high-fat diet), crocin (high-fat diet plus crocin in three different doses: 25, 50, 100 mg/kg), Zhibituo (lovastatin treated) for 9 weeks.…”

Section: Atherosclerosis Myocardial Ischaemia Cardioprotectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saffron: a natural product with potential pharmaceutical applications

Christodoulou

Kadoglou

Kostomitsopoulos

et al. 2015

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Crocin is major active component of saffron and it is reported by our group and elsewhere. It has been reported that crocin has different properties including antiplatelet (Liakopoulou-Kyriakides and Skubas, 1990), neuron-protecting (Abe and Saito, 2000), antiatherogenic (He et al, 2005), antioxidant (Chen et al, 2008), aphrodisiac (Hosseinzadeh et al, 2008), hypolipidemic effect by inhibiting pancreatic lipase, leading to the malabsorption of fat and cholesterol (Sheng et al, 2006), and anxiolytic-like effect in the rat (Pitsikas et al, 2008). Crocin possesses significant anti-proliferation effects on human colorectal cancer cells (Aung et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanism of Crocin Induced Caspase Mediated MCF-7 Cell Death: In Vivo Toxicity Profiling and Ex Vivo Macrophage Activation

Bakshi¹,

Hakkim²,

Sam³

2016

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: Crocus sativus and its major constituent crocin are well established to have anti-cancer properties in breast cancer cells (MCF-7). However the role of C. sativus extract (CSE) and crocin on caspase signaling mediated MCF-7 cell death at molecular level is remains unclear. In this study, we tried to unravel role of CSE and crocin on caspase mediated MCF-7 cells death and their in vivo preclinical toxicity profiling and immune stimulatory effect. Materials and Methods: CSE extract was fractionated by HPLC and crocin was isolated and characterized by NMR, IR, and MS. MCF-7 cells were treated with both CSE and crocin and expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was assessed after 24 and 36 hours. Furthermore, caspase 3, caspase 8 and caspase 9 expression was determined by Western blotting after 24 hours of treatment. DNA fragmentation analysis was performed for genotoxicity of CSE and crocin in MCF-7 cells. The in vivo toxicity profile of CSE (300 mg/kg of b.wt) was investigated in normal Swiss albino mice. In addition, peritoneal macrophages were collected from crocin (1, 1.5 and 2 mg/kg body weight) treated mice and analyzed for ex vivo yeast phagocytosis. Results: Immunoblot analysis revealed that there was time dependent decline in anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 with simultaneous upregulation of Bax in CSE and crocin treated MCF-7 cells. Further CSE and crocin treatment downregulated caspase 8 and 9 and cleaved the caspase 3 after 24 hours. Both CSE and crocin elicited considerable DNA damage in MCF-7 cells at each concentration tested. In vivo toxicity profile by histological studies revealed no observable histopathologic differences in the liver, kidney, spleen, lungs and heart in CSE treated and untreated groups. Crocin treatment elicited significant dose and time dependent ex vivo yeast phagocytosis by peritoneal macrophages. Conclusions: Our study delineated involvement of pro-apoptotic and caspase mediated MCF-7 cell death by CSE and crocin at the molecular level accompanied with extensive DNA damage. Further we found that normal swiss albino mice can tolerate the maximum dose of CSE. Crocin enhanced ex vivo macrophage yeast phagocytic ability.

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“…Due to its antioxidant property, crocin may be used as a pharmacological agent in cases that results in cerebral ischemia (Lee et al 2005). The modern pharmacological studies have shown that saffron extract and active contents of it have anti-tumor effects, radical scavenger properties, hypolipemic effect and memory-improving effect (He et al 2005;Sugiura et al 1994;Zhang et al 1994). In addition, it has also been reported that saffron extract regulates cerebral MDA, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px activities and glutamate and aspartate metabolism (Saleem et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuro-protective effects of Crocin on brain and cerebellum tissues in diabetic rats

Altinzo¹,

Oner²,

Elbe³

et al. 2015

Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Alt. Med.

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Background: Increase in free oxygen radicals and the disruption of defense system make the neurons and astrocytes more sensitive against oxidative damage. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into three groups containing 10, rats in each group namely: control (C) group, Diabetes Mellitus (DM) group, and Diabetes Mellitus + crocin (DM+crocin) group. Tissue samples were processed by routine histological and biochemical procedures. The sections were stained with Hematoxylen-eosin. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), blood glucose, HbA1c levels and xanthine oxidase (XO) activities were assayed. Results: The histological appearence of the cerebrum and cerebellum were normal in the control group. DM group showed some histopathological changes including congestion, perivascular and perineuronal edema in cerebrum. In DM + crocin group, histopathological changes in cerebrum and cerebellum markedly reduced. MDA level and XO activities increased significantly in DM group (P<0.01), but decreased significantly in DM + crocin group when compared to DM group (P<0.01). Blood glucose concentrations increased significantly (p<0.01) in DM group), but decreased significantly in DM + crocin group when compared with DM group (p<0.05). Blood HbA1c levels were normal in control group. But there were significant differences between control and DM groups (p<0.01). On the other hand, blood HbA1c levels decreased in DM+crocin group when compared with the DM group, but it was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Due to the fact that crocin has an antioxidant and anti-hyperglycemic effects, it can protect the brain and cerebellum tissue against the complications of oxidative stress.

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Effect of crocin on experimental atherosclerosis in quails and its mechanisms

Cited by 164 publications

References 17 publications

Saffron: a natural product with potential pharmaceutical applications

Saffron: a natural product with potential pharmaceutical applications

Molecular Mechanism of Crocin Induced Caspase Mediated MCF-7 Cell Death: In Vivo Toxicity Profiling and Ex Vivo Macrophage Activation

Neuro-protective effects of Crocin on brain and cerebellum tissues in diabetic rats

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