Effect of COVID-19 on Public Health: The Latest Physical Activity and Diet Update for Counteracting New Emerging COVID-19 Strains (Omicron) and Stay Active and Do Not Lay on the Vaccine Alone: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Context: Omicron is a new type of SARS-CoV-2 that is considered the most dangerous one so far because despite emerging new variants such as XE, no more dangerous strain than omicron has been identified. On November 24, 2021, World Health Organization identified the Omicron as a global threat. High genetic mutations of Omicron makes it more dangerous than other SARS-CoV-2 variants. This manuscript conducted to systematically collect and provide the effect of COVID-19 on public health: The latest physical activity and diet update for counteracting new emerging COVID-19 strains (Omicron) and stay active and do not lay on the vaccine alone. Evidence Acquisition: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus from January 2020 to November 2021. 3241 articles related to COVID-19 were found and based on filters such as: Physical activity, Omicron, nutrition, immune system, 36 research articles were studied. Results: Studies have shown that regular exercises with low and moderate intensity can have a favorable effect by improving the function of the immune system in reducing the risks of COVID-19 disease. Also, proper nutrition, especially if it is combined with regular exercise, has favorable effects on the immune system of patients with COVID-19. Conclusions: It seems that regular and long-term physical activity with low to moderate intensities (not high intensities) considering a suitable diet regime can have a favorable effect on the immune system of patients with COVID-19.