Effect of COVID-19 infection on psychological aspects of pre-schooler children: a cross-sectional study

Ahmed, Gellan K.; Mostafa, Sayed; Elbeh, Khaled; Gomaa, Hamdy M.; Soliman, Saeed

doi:10.1186/s43045-022-00207-y

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Moreover, there is direct evidence that COVID-19 affected psychiatry problems and brain function. Previous studies indicated that children infected with COVID-19 were more likely to have psychological issues, such as affective disorders, somatic, internalizing, and externalizing problems by comparing the outcome in the children and pre-schoolers who had COVID-19 and those who did not ( 33 , 34 ). The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which can interfere with different physiological processes throughout the early stages of development, was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic distress by increasing the creation and release of inflammatory mediators.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mental burden among Chinese undergraduate medical students: A prospective longitudinal study before, during, and after the COVID-19 outbreak

et al. 2022

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BackgroundIncreasing evidence indicated a clear association between COVID-19 pandemic and mental health. This study aimed to assess the dynamic change of mental burden during and after the COVID-19 outbreak and related predictive factors among Chinese undergraduate medical students.MethodsThis longitudinal survey was conducted among Chinese undergraduate medical students before, during, and after the COVID-19 outbreak. We focused on COVID-19 related mental burdens including psychological distress, stress reaction, and insomnia symptoms, and defined the sum score of the three specific mental burden indexes as the overall mental burden index. The prevalence of specific and overall mental burdens and their changing patterns at two phases of the pandemic (during vs. after the COVID-19 outbreak) were measured. In addition, multinomial logistic regressions were used to assess the associations between the psychosocial status before the pandemic and specific and overall mental burden changing patterns.ResultsOur findings showed that the prevalence of overall mental burden increased (from 27.46 to 37.28%) after the COVID-19 outbreak among the 863 Chinese undergraduate medical students who participated in the surveys at baseline, during, and after the COVID-19 outbreak. Specifically, the prevalence of stress reaction symptoms decreased (from 10.90 to 3.60%), while the rates of psychological distress (from 28.06 to 37.95%) and insomnia symptoms (from 12.54 to 20.71%) increased. Participants, with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, somatic symptoms, internet addiction, childhood adversity, stressful life events, and being neurotic were found to have a higher risk of developing mental burden in at least one survey (during or after the COVID-19 outbreak). Healthy family function and being extravert were found to positively impact mental burden.ConclusionPsychological distress, stress reaction and insomnia symptoms have been prevalent among Chinese undergraduate medical students during the COVID-19 outbreak, and the prevalence of overall mental burden increased after the COVID-19 outbreak. Some students, especially those with the risk factors noted above, exhibited persistent or progression symptoms. Continued mental health care was in demand for them even after the COVID-19 outbreak.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Be infected with COVID-19 were more likely to have psychological issues ( 33 , 34 ). To explore the infection condition, we have surveyed whether these students and their relatives had a COVID-19 infection or not in February 2020.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental burden among Chinese undergraduate medical students: A prospective longitudinal study before, during, and after the COVID-19 outbreak

et al. 2022

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“…Importantly, a stronger association was observed between higher levels of anxiety and somatic symptoms and the negative impact of the pandemic on children's lives (Ahmed et al, 2022). Overall, the pandemic has disrupted children's routines, social interactions, and education, leading to elevated stress, anxiety, and depression (Huang and Zhao, 2020;Lakhan et al, 2020;Qiu et al, 2020;Jang et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mental well-being and test anxiety among students preparing for the university admission exam during the pandemic

Yatkin,

Aral,

Gunes

et al. 2023

Front. Psychol.

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ObjectiveThe present study attempted to explore any potential association between test anxiety and mental well-being among high school students preparing for the university admission exam in times of the pandemic.MethodsThe sample of this correlational study consisted of 427 senior high school students in Caycuma district of Zonguldak, Turkey. The data were collected online using a demographic information form, the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale, and the Westside Test Anxiety Scale between April–May 2021.ResultsOur findings revealed student gender, paternal education, availability of a personal room and computer, and motivation for online classes to be factors associated with test anxiety. Besides, we discovered parental age, maternal education and employment, the device used for online classes, perceived effectiveness of distance education, and motivation for online classes to be linked with mental well-being among students.ConclusionIn a nutshell, several factors were discovered to contribute to test anxiety, including student gender, paternal education, availability of a personal room and computer, and motivation for online classes. The findings also suggested some noteworthy factors influencing students’ mental well-being, such as parental age, maternal education and employment, the device used for online classes, perceived effectiveness of distance education, and motivation for online classes. Finally, we uncovered a significant negative association between the participating students’ test anxiety and mental well-being.

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“…The experience with infection of a parent and death of a family member or friend during the pandemic may have impacted the mental health of young children negatively. Infections of COVID-19 within the family and perceived fear about infections were associated with more mental health problems in children and adolescents [ 15 – 17 ]. Furthermore, if a first-degree family member died from COVID-19, children suffered from more attention problems and pervasive developmental problems [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infections of COVID-19 within the family and perceived fear about infections were associated with more mental health problems in children and adolescents [ 15 – 17 ]. Furthermore, if a first-degree family member died from COVID-19, children suffered from more attention problems and pervasive developmental problems [ 17 ]. A loved one dying during the pandemic came with unique and serious challenges, such as isolation from family members including the dying member, less social support and increased fear in children to infect another family member [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with mental health of young children during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands

Krijnen,

van Eldik,

Mooren

et al. 2023

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic and accompanying societal measures have impacted children and their families all over the world. Little is known about the factors associated with mental health outcomes in young children (i.e., 1 to 6 years old) during the pandemic. The current study aimed to examine associations with potential risk and protective factors, i.e., direct COVID-19 exposure factors as well as within-family characteristics. Methods Caregivers of children aged 1–6 years old were recruited in the Netherlands to participate in an ongoing longitudinal research project. In the current study, baseline data—collected during the 1st year of the pandemic—are reported. The final sample consisted of 2762 caregivers who answered questionnaires assessing negative and positive dimensions of their children’s mental health (i.e., anxiety, depressive symptoms, anger, sleep problems, positive affect, and self-regulation). Furthermore, caregivers provided information regarding: (1) Direct COVID-19 related factors, i.e., parental infection and death of a family member or close friend due to COVID-19, (2) Family related COVID-19 factors, i.e., parental perceived impact of the pandemic and COVID-19 related parent–child emotion regulation strategies (i.e., active, avoidant and information-focused strategies), (3) General caregiver’s distress, i.e., parental mental health, parental feelings of rejection towards their child. Regression analyses were used to examine associations with children’s mental health. Results Direct COVID-19 related factors were not associated with more mental health problems in the children, though parental COVID-19 infections were related with less anger in children. Family related COVID-19 factors and caregiver’s distress were related with children’s mental health. Higher parental perceived negative impact of the pandemic, lower parental perceived positive impact of the pandemic, more avoidant as well as more active and information-focused parent–child emotion regulation strategies, more caregiver’s mental health problems and more parental feelings of rejection towards their child were related with more mental health problems in the child. Conclusion Direct exposure to COVID-19 was not related with more mental health problems in the child. Family related COVID-19 factors and caregiver’s distress appear to play a more important role for young children’s mental health. Findings may inform prevention and intervention programs for potential future global crises as well as other stressful events.

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Effect of COVID-19 infection on psychological aspects of pre-schooler children: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Mental burden among Chinese undergraduate medical students: A prospective longitudinal study before, during, and after the COVID-19 outbreak

Mental burden among Chinese undergraduate medical students: A prospective longitudinal study before, during, and after the COVID-19 outbreak

Mental well-being and test anxiety among students preparing for the university admission exam during the pandemic

Factors associated with mental health of young children during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands

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