Effect of Cover Crops, and the Management Thereof, on the Weed Spectrum in a Drip-irrigated Vineyard: 1. Weeds Growing During Winter and From Grapevine Bud Break to Grapevine Berry Set

Fourie, Johan; Kunjeku, E.C.; Booyse, M.; Kutama, T.G.; Sassman, L.W.

doi:10.21548/38-2-1353

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A winter cover crop provides an alternative to full-surface chemical weed management (e.g. Swanton and Weise 1991;Baumgartner et al 2008;Fox 2000;Fourie 2010, Fourie et al 2017, reducing the requirement for chemical weed management. Sown in autumn at the beginning of the rainy season, the cover crop competes with weeds for space, light, nutrients and water and prevents weeds from growing in the working rows (Fourie et al 2017;Fourie 2010;Fourie et al 2001).…”

Section: Life Cycle Inventory and Data Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Swanton and Weise 1991;Baumgartner et al 2008;Fox 2000;Fourie 2010, Fourie et al 2017, reducing the requirement for chemical weed management. Sown in autumn at the beginning of the rainy season, the cover crop competes with weeds for space, light, nutrients and water and prevents weeds from growing in the working rows (Fourie et al 2017;Fourie 2010;Fourie et al 2001). The main difference between the cover crop and the weeds is the time of growth: the life cycle of a winter cover crop will ideally have been completed towards the end of the rainy season and therefore its competition for water and nutrients with the vines is limited from the beginning of the phenological development of the vines onwards.…”

Section: Life Cycle Inventory and Data Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring sustainability potentials in vineyards through LCA? Evidence from farming practices in South Africa

Russo

Ponstein

2021

Int J Life Cycle Assess

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Purpose Following the urgency to curb environmental impacts across all sectors globally, this is the first life cycle assessment of different wine grape farming practices suitable for commercial conventional production in South Africa, aiming at better understanding the potentials to reduce adverse effects on the environment and on human health. Methods An attributional life cycle assessment was conducted on eight different scenarios that reduce the inputs of herbicides and insecticides compared against a business as usual (BAU) scenario. We assess several impact categories based on ReCiPe, namely global warming potential, terrestrial acidification, freshwater eutrophication, terrestrial toxicity, freshwater toxicity, marine toxicity, human carcinogenic toxicity and human non-carcinogenic toxicity, human health and ecosystems. A water footprint assessment based on the AWARE method accounts for potential impacts within the watershed. Results and discussion Results show that in our impact assessment, more sustainable farming practices do not always outperform the BAU scenario, which relies on synthetic fertiliser and agrochemicals. As a main trend, most of the impact categories were dominated by energy requirements of wine grape production in an irrigated vineyard, namely the usage of electricity for irrigation pumps and diesel for agricultural machinery. The most favourable scenario across the impact categories provided a low diesel usage, strongly reduced herbicides and the absence of insecticides as it applied cover crops and an integrated pest management. Pesticides and heavy metals contained in agrochemicals are the main contributors to emissions to soil that affected the toxicity categories and impose a risk on human health, which is particularly relevant for the manual labour-intensive South African wine sector. However, we suggest that impacts of agrochemicals on human health and the environment are undervalued in the assessment. The 70% reduction of toxic agrochemicals such as Glyphosate and Paraquat and the 100% reduction of Chlorpyriphos in vineyards hardly affected the model results for human and ecotoxicity. Our concerns are magnified by the fact that manual labour plays a substantial role in South African vineyards, increasing the exposure of humans to these toxic chemicals at their workplace. Conclusions A more sustainable wine grape production is possible when shifting to integrated grape production practices that reduce the inputs of agrochemicals. Further, improved water and related electricity management through drip irrigation, deficit irrigation and photovoltaic-powered irrigation is recommendable, relieving stress on local water bodies, enhancing drought-preparedness planning and curbing CO2 emissions embodied in products.

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Section: Life Cycle Inventory and Data Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Life Cycle Inventory and Data Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring sustainability potentials in vineyards through LCA? Evidence from farming practices in South Africa

Russo

Ponstein

2021

Int J Life Cycle Assess

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“…Shrestha et al (2002) and Westra et al (2008) found that soil cultivation practices cause changes in the weed population. Fourie et al (2017) show that both the weed control mechanism applied during grapevine bud break, and the winter cover crop used, affect the weed spectrum of the winter-growing weeds and weed dominance from grapevine bud break to grapevine berry set. This supports the observations of Légère and Samson (1999), namely that species dominance is brought about by interactions between crop rotation, weed management intensity and tillage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cover crops were established as described by Fourie et al (2015) and Fourie et al (2017). Fertilisers were applied as described by Fourie et al (2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Full-surface chemical control applied during grapevine berry set was part of both management practices. The herbicides used from bud break to berry set are discussed in Fourie et al (2017). Fluazyfopbutyl, at a dosage of 625 g/L per hectare, was applied full surface in all the treatments at the end of May 2012, except in the two oats treatments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Cover Crops, and the Management Thereof, on the Weed Spectrum in a Drip-irrigated Vineyard: 2. Weeds Growing From Grapevine Berry Set to Post-harvest

Fourie

Kunjeku

Booyse

et al. 2017

SAJEV

Self Cite

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An Overview of the Impacts of Climate Change on Vineyard Ecosystems in Niagara, Canada

Tosato,

VanVolkenburg,

Vasseur

2023

Agriculture

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Vineyards are agroecosystems of great importance in the Niagara Region, Ontario (Canada). Due to its microclimate, this region is projected to be impacted by climate change with temperature increases, changes in precipitation patterns in all seasons, and greater frequency of extreme weather events. The aim of this review paper is to summarize which seasonal changes are expected to occur in the Niagara Region and assess how such changes are likely to affect the main components of the vineyard ecosystem (i.e., soil, vines, invertebrates, and pathogens). It is expected that by 2080 the region will experience an increase in temperature in all four seasons; an increase in precipitation during the fall, winter, and spring; and a decrease in precipitation during summer months. Impacts of the projected changes will likely lead to vine water stress, yield loss, increases in incidents of diseases, increases in the spread of new pests, and changes in grape quality ultimately resulting in lower wine quality and/or production. Current management practices will need to be better understood and adaptive strategies introduced to enhance grape growers’ ability to minimize these impacts.

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Effect of Cover Crops, and the Management Thereof, on the Weed Spectrum in a Drip-irrigated Vineyard: 1. Weeds Growing During Winter and From Grapevine Bud Break to Grapevine Berry Set

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Exploring sustainability potentials in vineyards through LCA? Evidence from farming practices in South Africa

Exploring sustainability potentials in vineyards through LCA? Evidence from farming practices in South Africa

Effect of Cover Crops, and the Management Thereof, on the Weed Spectrum in a Drip-irrigated Vineyard: 2. Weeds Growing From Grapevine Berry Set to Post-harvest

An Overview of the Impacts of Climate Change on Vineyard Ecosystems in Niagara, Canada

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