Effect of coupling agents on reinforcing potential of recycled carbon fibre for polypropylene composite

Wong, Kok Hoong; Mohammed, D. Syed; Pickering, Simon; Brooks, Robert C.

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2012.02.013

Cited by 156 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Compared to related end-use applications in cementitious based concrete materials, which have been investigated over the last decade and already reported in several studies (as mentioned before), the proposed solution overcomes some of the problems found, namely: (a) the possible incompatibilities arisen from alkalis-silica reaction (depending upon glass fibre nature); (b) the decrease in the mechanical properties due to high water-cement ratio required to achieve the desirable workability, and (c) the weak adhesion at recyclate-binder interface. Some of the common problems found in the design process of composite materials modified with recycled plastics arise from the lack of bond between the resin matrix and the recyclates (Wong et al, 2012). This weakness, previously reported in several research studies focused on the feasibility of GFRP waste incorporation into new composite materials (DeRosa et al, 2005a;Jutte and Graham, 1991;Rikards et al, 1994), was also detected in the previous experiments of Ribeiro et al (2011).…”

Section: Literature Review On End-use Applications For Gfrp Waste Recmentioning

confidence: 62%

Re-use assessment of thermoset composite wastes as aggregate and filler replacement for concrete-polymer composite materials: A case study regarding GFRP pultrusion wastes

Ribeiro

Castro

Silva

et al. 2015

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

100

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Section: Literature Review On End-use Applications For Gfrp Waste Recmentioning

confidence: 62%

Re-use assessment of thermoset composite wastes as aggregate and filler replacement for concrete-polymer composite materials: A case study regarding GFRP pultrusion wastes

Ribeiro

Castro

Silva

et al. 2015

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

100

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“…One of the main common problems reported in several research studies focused on the feasibility of FRP waste incorporation into new composite materials arises from the weak adhesion at recy-clate-binder interface (DeRosa et al, 2005;Palmer et al, 2009;Wong et al, 2012). In order to prevent this undesirable feature the effect of the incorporation of an adhesion promoter, between resin matrix and aggregates/recyclates mix, was investigated and also considered as a material factor.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated recycling approach for GFRP pultrusion wastes: recycling and reuse assessment into new composite materials using Fuzzy Boolean Nets

Castro

Carvalho

Ribeiro

et al. 2014

Journal of Cleaner Production

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A b s t r a c tIn this study, efforts were made in order to put forward an integrated recycling approach for the ther-moset based glass fibre reinforced polymer (GPRP) rejects derived from the pultrusion manufacturing industry. Both the recycling process and the development of a new cost-effective end-use application for the recyclates were considered. For this purpose, i) among the several available recycling techniques for thermoset based composite materials, the most suitable one for the envisaged application was selected (mechanical recycling); and ii) an experimental work was carried out in order to assess the added-value of the obtained recyclates as aggregates and reinforcement replacements into concrete-polymer com-posite materials. Potential recycling solution was assessed by mechanical behaviour of resultant GFRP waste modified concrete-polymer composites with regard to unmodified materials. In the mix design process of the new GFRP waste based composite material, the recyclate content and size grade, and the effect of the incorporation of an adhesion promoter were considered as material factors and systemat-ically tested between reasonable ranges. The optimization process of the modified formulations was supported by the Fuzzy Boolean Nets methodology, which allowed finding the best balance between material parameters that maximizes both flexural and compressive strengths of final composite.Comparing to related end-use applications of GFRP wastes in cementitious based concrete materials, the proposed solution overcome some of the problems found, namely the possible incompatibilities arisen from alkalis-silica reaction and the decrease in the mechanical properties due to high water-cement ratio required to achieve the desirable workability.Obtained results were very promising towards a global cost-effective waste management solution for GFRP industrial wastes and end-of-life products that will lead to a more sustainable composite materials industry.

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“…The mechanical properties of composites manufactured with polyolefin matrices can be improved, however, by introducing a coupling agent to promote the chemical interaction with the fibre [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study of adhesion between carbon fibre and polypropylene has not, however, been widely covered. Wong et al [12] investigated the effect of three types of maleic anhydride, with varying weight average molecular weights (9100-52,000) ranging between 0-8 wt% on recycled carbon fibre. The authors found that adding the coupling agent at 2 wt% increased the IFSS between 100 and 200 % for the different types of maleic anhydride.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The microdroplet method has been used to determine the influence of the fibre recycling process on the interfacial bond strength. Both pyrolysis and solvolysis processes have been used to simulate different fibre recycling approaches as used in [12], but microdroplet samples have been prepared under nitrogen-purged conditions to prevent thermal-oxidative degradation, which is a suspected cause for the low interfacial strength results published for CF.PP to date. Additionally, a coupling agent has been added to the polypropylene to promote chemical adhesion at the fibre/matrix interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The usability of recycled carbon fibres in short fibre thermoplastics: interfacial properties

et al. 2016

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The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of combining discontinuous recycled carbon fibres with polypropylene, to produce a low-cost, high specific stiffness material for high-volume applications. The inherent low affinity of carbon fibre and polypropylene motivated a detailed study of the surface characteristics of carbon fibre and interfacial behaviour between the two materials, using the microbond test. The effects of removing the sizing from the fibres, as well as introducing a maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene coupling agent, were extensively investigated. Polypropylene was found to degrade when prepared under atmospheric conditions; therefore, it was necessary to form droplets under nitrogen. Removal of the sizing from the fibre using pyrolysis and solvolysis techniques altered the surface morphology of the fibre and increased the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) by 4 and 33 %, respectively. A more significant improvement in the fibre-matrix adhesion was achieved by adding a maleic anhydride coupling agent at 2 wt%, which increased the IFSS by 320 %.

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Effect of coupling agents on reinforcing potential of recycled carbon fibre for polypropylene composite

Cited by 156 publications

References 28 publications

Re-use assessment of thermoset composite wastes as aggregate and filler replacement for concrete-polymer composite materials: A case study regarding GFRP pultrusion wastes

Re-use assessment of thermoset composite wastes as aggregate and filler replacement for concrete-polymer composite materials: A case study regarding GFRP pultrusion wastes

An integrated recycling approach for GFRP pultrusion wastes: recycling and reuse assessment into new composite materials using Fuzzy Boolean Nets

The usability of recycled carbon fibres in short fibre thermoplastics: interfacial properties

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