Effect of Core Balance Training on Muscle Tone and Balance Ability in Adult Men and Women

Abstract

(1) Background: The amount of physical activity most adults perform is less than the recommended amount, and the resulting decrease in physical strength makes them vulnerable to various diseases. A decrease in muscle size and strength due to damage caused by disease or aging negatively affects functional strength. Muscle evaluation in adults can yield results that are predictive indicators of aging and unexpected disability. In addition, balance ability is essential to prevent falls and injuries in daily life and maintain functional activities. It is important to develop and strengthen balance in the lower extremities and core muscles to maintain and enhance overall body balance. This study aimed to analyze the effects of core balance training on muscle tone and balance ability in adults. (2) Methods: The participants of this study were 32 adult male and female university students (male: mean age = 21.3 ± 1.9 years, weight = 74.2 ± 12.6 kg, BMI = 23.4 + 2.5, n = 14; female: mean age = 21.0 ± 1.4 years, weight = 64.6 + 1.2 kg, BMI = 22.4 ± 2.4, n =18). Thirty-two adults (training group: 16, control group: 16; male: 16, female: 16) participated in the Myoton PRO (gastrocnemius lateral/medial, tibialis anterior), Pedalo balance system, and Y-balance test. (3) Results: The following results were obtained for muscle elasticity, stiffness, and dynamic/static balance ability after 10 weeks of core balance training. 1. There was no significant difference in muscle elasticity (gastrocnemius lateral/medial, tibialis anterior) (p < 0.05). 2. Muscle stiffness (gastrocnemius lateral/medial, tibialis anterior) significantly increased (p < 0.05). 3. Dynamic/static balance ability significantly increased (p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: In future, data for the age and sex of various participants, should be accumulated by recruiting participants to study muscle characteristics, such as muscle elasticity and stiffness. Estimating the appropriate injury range and optimal exercise capacity is possible through follow-up studies. The findings can then be used as a basis for predicting injuries or determining and confirming the best time to resume exercise.

The Effect of Shoulder Stabilization Exercise and Core Stabilization Exercise on the Shoulder Height and Respiratory Function in Young Adults with Round Shoulder Posture

“…An analysis of the correlation between the core muscle endurance and static balance in adults with FHP revealed strong positive correlations in trunk flexion, extension, right flexion, left flexion endurance, and static balance [64]. Female and male university students performed core balance exercises for 10 weeks [65]. They reported that static and dynamic balance were significantly improved [65].…”

“…Female and male university students performed core balance exercises for 10 weeks [65]. They reported that static and dynamic balance were significantly improved [65]. An exercise program, including bridge exercise and quadruped with arm and leg extension using foam roller exercise, was performed for elderly people over 60 years for five weeks [66].…”

Myotonometry in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: Assessment of Pre and Post Treatment through Comparisons with Healthy Controls

“…In the future, we aim to include in the analysis a larger group of patients for a longer period, as well as the assessment of postural stability in relation to myotonometric parameters. As the postural stability and physical activity was already studied in healthy subjects [34,35], it can be extended to patients suffering from Parkinson's disease. The correlations among dynamic balance, physical activity and quality of life have been investigated [36], as well as the efficacy of particular trunk exercises in the balance training in patients with Parkinson's disease [37].…”

Impact of Standing and Sitting Postures on Spinal Curvature and Muscle Mechanical Properties in Young Women: A Photogrammetric and MyotonPro Analysis

“…Muscle stiffness of an appropriate level is necessary to maintain dynamic stability, and it has been shown that active muscle stiffness is vital in ensuring greater joint stability and preventing unfavorable factors that can lead to traumatic joint displacement [ 13 ]. If the stiffness is too high, there is an increased risk of injury due to reduced flexibility, and the risk of muscle weakness increases if the stiffness is too low [ 14 ]. Increased muscle tension leads to an increase in intramuscular pressure, impairing cardiovascular function and restricting blood flow to the muscles, which causes hypoxia and results in the process of muscle fatigue and slower recovery [ 15 ].…”