Effect of Copper and Heat Treatment on Microstructure of Austempered Ductile Iron

Čatipović, Nikša; Živković, Dražen; Dadić, Zvonimir; Ljumović, Petar

doi:10.1007/s12666-021-02225-6

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The change in the tensile strength qualitatively follows the change in hardness, and as the hardness increases, so does the strength. The reason for this is a change in the volume fraction of the residual austenite and lower carbon diffusion [23]. It can be seen from Figure 8 that the extensibility increases with an increase in the austempering temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…This increase is evident up to about 370 • C. Above the austempering temperature of 370 • C, the toughness decreases. The toughness qualitatively monitors the change in the volume fraction of the retained austenite with the change in the austempering temperature [23]. The high values of toughness obtained on the austempered samples at temperatures around 370 • C can be explained by the optimum retained austenite content of the microstructure of the test samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Multi Response Modelling and Optimisation of Copper Content and Heat Treatment Parameters of ADI Alloys by Combined Regression Grey-Fuzzy Approach

Čatipović,

Peko,

Grgić

et al. 2024

Metals

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This paper deals with the austempering of ductile iron (ADI) and clarifies the influential austempering parameters during the production of ADI. During the austempering process, the heat treatment parameters can be varied, thus influencing the final microstructure and, of course, the mechanical properties of ADI. To appropriately conduct experiments and obtain good results, an experimental plan was developed using the Design Expert 13 software. Along with the heat treatment parameters, the influence of the copper content on the ADI toughness, tensile strength, and elongation was determined. The obtained results from this experiment were used to develop unique mathematical models which describe the influences of heat treatment and copper content on the observed mechanical properties of ADI samples. These mathematical models can be applied to predict the analysed mechanical properties of ADI in the dependence of heat treatment parameters and copper content in base ductile iron. For the multi response optimisation of toughness, tensile strength, and elongation, a hybrid grey-fuzzy technique was presented as a significant contribution to the enhancement of the analysed mechanical properties. Consequently, the copper content and heat treatment parameter levels that resulted in the maximal mechanical properties’ functions were defined.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Multi Response Modelling and Optimisation of Copper Content and Heat Treatment Parameters of ADI Alloys by Combined Regression Grey-Fuzzy Approach

Čatipović,

Peko,

Grgić

et al. 2024

Metals

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Kausadikar et al (2015) microencapsulated lemon oil by spray drying to inspect its application on flour tea. Wall materials like maltodextrin, gum arabic, modified starches and its blends were used for drying process [19] [20]. Results suggested that maximum encapsulation efficiency was observed with wall material concentration (30%), core material concentration (10%) and the inlet temperature (175°C).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation and Exploring the Microstructural and Thermal Properties of Pseudostem Juice and Cassava Juice as a Quenching Media.

Gbadeyan

2023

Preprint

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The utilization of pseudostem juice and cassava juice as non-Newtonian fluids for quenching applications is examined in this study. These fluids' microstructural and thermal characteristics were investigated and contrasted with those of conventional quenching mediums. The findings demonstrated that these fluids have distinctive qualities that make them attractive substitutes for conventional quenching mediums. The tensile strength of the samples increased when quenched in pseudostem juice of bananas (PJB) at 30 0C and water at 90 0C, exceeding the as-cast value of 435 MPa. Quenching in PJB resulted in a higher tensile strength of at least 442 MPa. Additionally, the hardness value reached its highest point for the sample quenched in banana pseudostem juice at 30 0C and its lowest point for the sample quenched in water at 90 0C, which was 418 BHN. Although lower than its as-cast value, samples of ductile iron that were quenched in water exhibited a slight improvement in impact energy compared to those that were quenched in banana and cassava pseudostem juice. According to the microstructural analysis, the smallest grain sizes for ductile iron samples quenched in pseudostem juice of bananas were 0.18 µm, 0.235 µm, and 0.255 µm, respectively, when quenched at 30 0C. The findings of this study affirm the effectiveness of Pseudostem juice and Cassava juice as quenching media, opening doors to the development of more streamlined and sustainable quenching processes.

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Investigation and Exploring the Microstructural and Thermal Properties of Pseudostem Juice of Banana and Cassava Juice as a Quenching Media

Alabi,

Adeyi,

Olagunju

et al. 2024

Waste Biomass Valor

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Effect of Copper and Heat Treatment on Microstructure of Austempered Ductile Iron

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Multi Response Modelling and Optimisation of Copper Content and Heat Treatment Parameters of ADI Alloys by Combined Regression Grey-Fuzzy Approach

Multi Response Modelling and Optimisation of Copper Content and Heat Treatment Parameters of ADI Alloys by Combined Regression Grey-Fuzzy Approach

Investigation and Exploring the Microstructural and Thermal Properties of Pseudostem Juice and Cassava Juice as a Quenching Media.

Investigation and Exploring the Microstructural and Thermal Properties of Pseudostem Juice of Banana and Cassava Juice as a Quenching Media

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