Effect of Cooling Rate on AlN Precipitation in FeCrAl Stainless Steel During Solidification

Deng, Zhenqiang; He, Yedong; Liu, Jianhua; Yan, Baijun; Yang, Yindong; McLean, Alexander

doi:10.3390/met9101091

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As can be seen in Table 2 and Figure 11 , the particles with sizes within 3.01–4.00 μm represents the biggest volume, followed by particles with size within 2.01–3.00 μm, 4.01–5.00 μm, 5.01–10.00 μm, and 1.00–2.00 μm and greater than 10 μm. Considering several types of research on fracture surfaces, there is clear evidence that poor hot ductility of investigated steels was associated with the presence of AlN and/or AlN-MnS particles [ 10 , 11 , 17 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Precipitation kinetics simulations performed by the authors of [ 29 ] showed that longer holding time leads to growth of AlN at grain boundaries, a coarsening of MnS at dislocations, and a coarsening and growth of AlN at MnS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Precipitation kinetics simulations performed by the authors of [ 29 ] showed that longer holding time leads to growth of AlN at grain boundaries, a coarsening of MnS at dislocations, and a coarsening and growth of AlN at MnS. The authors of [ 31 ] found that in FeCrAl steel, the number of AlN particles increases with increasing cooling rate, although the volume fraction is relatively unaffected. The authors of [ 10 ] found that an increase in Al content from 0.5% to 6% increased the number of complex MnS inclusions by approx.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Austenitization Temperature on Hot Ductility of C-Mn-Al HSLA Steel

et al. 2022

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The article aims to investigate the effect of different austenitization temperatures on the hot ductility of C-Mn-Al High-Strength Low-Alloy (HSLA) steel. The thermo-mechanical simulator of physical processes Gleeble 1500D was used for steel hot ductility study. Hot ductility was estimated by measuring the reduction of area after static tensile testing carried out at temperatures in the range 600 °C to 1200 °C with the step of 50 °C. Evaluation of fracture surfaces after austenitization at 1250 °C and 1350 °C with a holding time of the 30 s showed significant differences in the character of the fracture as well as in the ductility. The fracture surfaces and the microstructure near the fracture surfaces of samples at a test temperature of 1000 °C for both austenitization temperatures were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Light Optical Microscopy (LOM), and AZtec Feature analysis (particle analysis of SEM). AlN and AlN-MnS precipitates at grain boundaries detected by the detailed metallographic analysis were identified as the main causes of plasticity trough in the evaluated steel. Moreover, using Thermo-Calc software, it was found that AlN particles precipitate from solid solution below the temperature of 1425 °C.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Austenitization Temperature on Hot Ductility of C-Mn-Al HSLA Steel

et al. 2022

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“…The diffusion coefficients of nitrogen in δ phase steel and γ phase steel are given as follows. [ 4,5,28 ]

D_{normalN}^{δ} = 8 \times 10^{- 7} e^{\frac{- 79078}{R T}}

D_{normalN}^{γ} = 9.1 \times 10^{- 5} e^{\frac{- 168600}{R T}}

where R is the gas constant of 8.314 J mol −1 K −1 and T is temperature (K).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the high Al content in steel is easy to lead to the formation of a large number of AlN inclusions. [ 4–6 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cooling Rate and High N Content on the Precipitation and Growth of AlN Inclusions in Fe–23Mn–2Al–0.08 V High‐Manganese Nonmagnetic Steel

Zhang

Chen

Cheng

et al. 2022

steel research int.

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Industrial experiments are carried out to investigate the precipitation and growth of AlN in Fe–23Mn–2Al–0.08 V steel with nitrogen content up to 80–92 ppm. AlN inclusions can be precipitated before solidification. The morphologies of AlN are mainly divided into hexagonal and needle‐like shapes. With the cooling rate decreasing from 36.66 to 0.71 K s−1, the equivalent diameters of typical AlN increase from 7.56 to 24.20 μm, and the total amount decreases from 203.01 to 60.00 mm−2. The relationship between the cooling rate and the number density is obtained: lnNnormalV=29.848 + 0.453 lnRnormalC. The element segregation analyzed by electronic probe microanalyzer shows that aluminum concentration is low in interdendritic regions but high in dendrites. Aluminum segregation is very weak, and there is almost no nitrogen segregation. Thermodynamic calculation shows that AlN can precipitate before solidification with the nitrogen content higher than 58 ppm. The predicted results of AlN growth by kinetic analysis method can well reveal the growth trend. The nitrogen content (≥58 ppm) has a negligible effect on the size of AlN when the cooling rates are 3.02 and 0.71 K s−1, while the cooling rate has a significant effect on the size of AlN.

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Modeling the Precipitation of Aluminum Nitride Inclusions during Solidification of High‐Aluminum Steels

Shu,

Visuri,

Alatarvas

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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High‐aluminum advanced high‐strength steels have received increasing interest due to their excellent combination of strength and ductility. The control of non‐metallic inclusions in steel is among the most important issues for the production of high‐aluminum steel. This study proposes a model for the evolution of size distributions of AlN inclusions during the solidification of steel based on the Kampmann‐Wagner numerical model. It also proposes microsegregation calculation. Both homogeneous (pure AlN) and heterogeneous precipitation (AlN+oxide or MnS) were described using the homogeneous nucleation and free growth models of Greer et al. respectively. The present model was applied to calculate the size distributions of AlN in high‐Al (up to 5%) Fe‐Cr‐Al steels and high‐ and medium‐manganese steels and validated by the experimental data in the literature. The model correctly described the influence of cooling rates on the precipitation of AlN in Fe‐Cr‐Al steels and high‐manganese steels, and the sizes of AlN are reduced and the number densities of AlN inclusions are increased by increasing the cooling rate. The effects of nitrogen and aluminum concentration in medium‐manganese steel on inclusion precipitation were investigated by the model calculation. The increases in nitrogen and aluminum concentration facilitate the homogeneous precipitation of AlN inclusions.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Effect of Cooling Rate on AlN Precipitation in FeCrAl Stainless Steel During Solidification

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of Austenitization Temperature on Hot Ductility of C-Mn-Al HSLA Steel

Effect of Austenitization Temperature on Hot Ductility of C-Mn-Al HSLA Steel

Effect of Cooling Rate and High N Content on the Precipitation and Growth of AlN Inclusions in Fe–23Mn–2Al–0.08 V High‐Manganese Nonmagnetic Steel

Modeling the Precipitation of Aluminum Nitride Inclusions during Solidification of High‐Aluminum Steels

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