Effect of cooled perches on performance, plumage condition, and foot health of caged White Leghorn hens exposed to cyclic heat

Hu, Jiaying; Hester, Patricia Y.; Makagon, Maja M.; Xiong, Yijie; Gates, Richard S.; Cheng, Helen

doi:10.3382/ps/pez039

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…This causes to reduce blood CO 2 and

and elevates blood pH ( 19 ). In addition, Hu et al ( 22 ) reported that plasma Ca level was decreased in laying hens exposed to HS. Thus, it is likely that limited supply via blood vessel for calcium and bicarbonate to form eggshell at the oviduct leads to poor eggshell quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Production Parameters, Egg Qualities, Fecal Volatile Fatty Acids, Nutrient Digestibility, and Plasma Parameters in Laying Hens Exposed to Ambient Temperature

Kim

Lee

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The present study was undertaken to investigate the impact of heat stress on nutrient digestibility and tibia and reproductive traits, and changes in laying performance, egg qualities, fecal volatile fatty acids, and plasma parameters in laying hens. One-hundred twenty 52-week-old laying hens were raised in three temperature-controlled facilities with constant humidity (50% RH), either normal temperature (LT; 22 • C) or heat stress considered being moderate (MT; 27 • C) or severe (HT; 32 • C) for 42 days. Feed intakes were consistently low (p < 0.01) in HT hens compared with those in LT or MT over the period of 42 days. Egg production kept markedly (p < 0.05) or numerically (p > 0.05) low in hens exposed to HT vs. LT or MT. Egg mass and egg weight were consistently low (p < 0.01) in hens exposed to HT compared with those raised under LT or MT. On the other hand, feed conversion ratio and frequency of dirty and cracked eggs were not significantly affected (p > 0.05) during the experimental period. HT-exposed hens consistently had lowered (p < 0.05) eggshell thickness and breaking strength, eggshell weight, and plasma Ca, P, and Mg levels compared with LT-or MT-treated hens. HT hens had lower (p < 0.01) relative oviduct weight and less number of large yellow follicles compared with those raised under LT or MT conditions at 42 days. Tibia traits measured at 42 days were not affected by any of heat treatments. Fecal volatile fatty acids tended to be higher in HT-exposed laying hens throughout the experiment. It was noted that digestibilities of neutral detergent fiber and dry matter were lowest (p < 0.05) in hens exposed to HT vs. LT or MT environments. Our study suggests that heat stress could lower laying performance, egg quality, and physiological parameters that are coupled with alterations in gut metabolites and mineral/lipid metabolism. The findings emerged from this study will help us design the nutritional and environmental strategies to mitigate the negative effect of heat stress on laying hens.

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“…This causes to reduce blood CO 2 and

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Production Parameters, Egg Qualities, Fecal Volatile Fatty Acids, Nutrient Digestibility, and Plasma Parameters in Laying Hens Exposed to Ambient Temperature

Kim

Lee

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…As the ambient temperature increases, the difference between body temperature decreases and sensible heat loss becomes more difficult [2]. While poultry struggles with high temperature, it also tries to keep body temperature within physiological limits by increasing body surface area and respiration rate as well as reducing feed intake and activity [3]. Heat stress causes various harmful effects on physiological, immune, welfare, health, performance and meat quality traits and causes serious economic losses by making internal heat dissipation difficult in poultry [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of intermittent feeding and cold water on performance and carcass traits of broilers reared under daily heat stress

Erensoy

Noubandiguim

Sarıca

et al. 2020

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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The effect of intermittent feeding and cold water on performance and carcass traits of broilers reared under daily heat stress ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of intermittent feeding and cold water on performance and carcass traits in broiler chickens between 4 to 6 wk of age with daily high temperature. Methods: Broilers were assigned to four treatment groups according to a 2x2 factorial design between 22 to 42 d of age (80 broilers per treatment, 4 replications). Broilers were divided into two main groups as feeding type (ad-libitum (AL) and intermittent (IF) for 6 h daily) and subgroups as water temperature (normal (NW): 24.9 o C and cold (CW): 16.4 o C). Heat treatment was applied between 11.00 to 17.00 h daily between 22 to 42 d of age. Results: Live weight at 6th wk was not affected by feeding type and water temperature, but the live weight was significantly higher in IF chickens at the 5th wk (p <0.05). Average weekly gain of IF broiler chickens were higher compared to AL group at 4, 5, and 6 wk of age (p <0.05). Although feeding type did not affect feed intake in 4 and 5th wk, feed intake was higher in IF chickens at 6th wk (p <0.01). In addition, feeding type and water temperature did not affect feed conversion ratio and interactions were not significant (p >0.05). Water temperature had no significant effect on heart, liver, gizzard, and abdominal fat percentages (p >0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that IF increased the average weekly gain in chickens reared under daily heat stress for 6 h between 22 to 42 d of age. IF in hot environmental conditions slightly increased performance without adversely affecting health, welfare, and physiological traits, whereas CW implementation had no significant effect on performance. It can also be said that IF suppresses a sudden increase in body temperature depending on age and live weight.

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“…T3/T4 ratio was calculated for each sample. All samples were measured in duplicate with CV ≤ 15% (Hu et al, 2019a;Yan et al, 2020).…”

Section: Plasma Thyroid Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warm Perches: A Novel Approach For Reducing Cold Stress Effect on Production, Plasma Hormones, and Immunity in Laying Hens

Cheng

2021

Preprint

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Background: Cold temperature is a common environmental stressor that has a great impact on the poultry industries, inducing pathophysiological stress in birds with profound economic losses. Current methods used for preventing cold stress, such as reducing ventilation and using gas heaters, are facing challenges due to poor indoor air quality and its deleterious effects on bird and caretaker health. The aim of this study was to examine if the novelly designed warmed perch system, as a thermal device, can reduce cold stress-associated adverse effects on laying hens. Methods: Seventy-two 32-week-old DeKalb hens were randomly assigned to 36 cages arranged to 3 banks. The banks were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: cages with warmed perches (WP; perches with circulating water at 30 oC), air perches (AP, regular perches only) or no perches (NP) for a 21- day trial. The room temperature was set at 10 oC during the entire experimental period. Rectal temperature and body weight were measured from the same bird of each cage at day 1, 8, 15, and 21 during the cold exposure. Egg production was recorded daily. Feed intake, egg and eggshell quality were determined during the 1st and 3rd week of cold stress. Plasma levels of corticosterone, thyroid hormones (3, 3’, 5-triiodothyronine and thyroxine), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10, were determined at day 1 and 21 post initiation of cold exposure. Results: Compared to both AP and NP hens, WP hens were able to maintain their body temperature without increasing feed intake and losing body weight. The eggs laid by WP hens had thicker eggshell during the 3rd week of cold exposure. Warmed perch hens also had a lower thyroxine conversion rate (3, 3’, 5-triiodothyronine/thyroxine) at day 1, while higher plasma concentrations of IL-6 at day 21. Plasma levels of corticosterone, 3, 3’, 5-triiodothyronine, and IL-10 were not different among treatments. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the warmed perch system can be used as a novel thermal device for preventing cold stress-induced negative effects on hen health and welfare through regulating innate immunity and metabolic hormonal homeostasis.

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Effect of cooled perches on performance, plumage condition, and foot health of caged White Leghorn hens exposed to cyclic heat

Cited by 10 publications

References 82 publications

Changes in Production Parameters, Egg Qualities, Fecal Volatile Fatty Acids, Nutrient Digestibility, and Plasma Parameters in Laying Hens Exposed to Ambient Temperature

Changes in Production Parameters, Egg Qualities, Fecal Volatile Fatty Acids, Nutrient Digestibility, and Plasma Parameters in Laying Hens Exposed to Ambient Temperature

The effect of intermittent feeding and cold water on performance and carcass traits of broilers reared under daily heat stress

Warm Perches: A Novel Approach For Reducing Cold Stress Effect on Production, Plasma Hormones, and Immunity in Laying Hens

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