Effect of contact stress in bones of the distal interphalangeal joint on microscopic changes in articular cartilage and ligaments

Bowker, Robert M.; Atkinson, Patrick; Atkinson, Theresa; Haut, Roger C.

doi:10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.414

Cited by 43 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…In addition to testing the applicability of FEA to hooves, some of these studies have used its power to address questions of functional relevance, such as the effect of shoeing on stresses in the capsule material (Hinterhofer et al, 2000) and the effects of individual capsule shape measurements on principal strain magnitudes (McClinchey et al, 2003). Bowker et al (2001) combined FEA with in vitro joint pressure measurements to study the effects of contact pressures on bone and cartilage structure at the distal interphalangeal joint.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mechanical behavior and quantitative morphology of the equine laminar junction

et al. 2005

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The horse's hoof is structurally modified for its mechanical functions, but studying the functional design of internal structures is hampered by the external keratinous capsule. Finite-element analysis offers one method for evaluating mechanical function of components within the capsule, such as the laminar junction. This is the epidermodermal connection that binds the hoof wall strongly to the distal phalanx. Primary epidermal laminae (PEL), projecting inward from the wall, vary in morphology and are remodeled despite being keratinous. The aim of this study is to investigate the suggestion that remodeling of PEL is influenced by mechanical stress. Circumferential and proximodistal stress distribution and relative displacement in the laminar junction are assessed by finite-element analysis (FEA) of nine hoof models. Spacing, orientation, and curvature of PEL are assessed from sections through 47 other hooves and compared with the stress and displacement data. Significant correlations are found between laminar spacing and seven displacement and stress variables, supporting the link between stresses and remodeling. Differences in external hoof shape cause regional variation in stress magnitudes around the laminar junction. This finding is in accord with previous observations that laminar morphology is individually regionally variable. This work provides the first concrete link between mechanical behavior and laminar morphology. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Key words: finite-element analysis; quantitative morphology;horse; hoof; laminar junction; displacement; stress; biomechanics As a result of being coopted as part of the musculoskeletal system, the equine hoof shares two attributes with that system: numerous modifications for the mechanical functions the hoof performs, and the capacity to respond to variations in loading over time. Hoof anatomy, microstructure, and growth are well documented (Stump, 1967), and ground reaction forces (GRFs) during locomotion have been experimentally recorded to determine the hoof's general mechanical function (Merkens et al., 1993). But the hoof's keratinous capsule and the nature of its attachment to the dermis and skeleton impede detailed study in vivo of its functional design and of the nature and mechanisms of its biological response to variability in loading regimes. Thus, the deceptively simple smooth exterior guards its secrets better than any crenellated castle wall.Finite-element analyses (FEAs) are clearly applicable to this situation, especially given that there are good data on the external shape and loading of the hoof, the properties of its materials and strains in the wall during locomotion. Most previous FEAs of the equine hoof have focused on the capsule (Newlyn et al., 1998;Hinterhofer et al., 2000,

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confidence: 99%

Mechanical behavior and quantitative morphology of the equine laminar junction

et al. 2005

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“…Statistics by Bowker in 2001 on the people in chat rooms indicates that the number of students is the greatest. [13] Therefore, the application of theoretical models of this study will improve the students' addictive behavior effectively. Meanwhile, according to the network addictive behavior studies, boys are more serious than girls with regard to internet addiction behavior, particularly in the aspect of loneliness/ depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

The Design of Network Teaching Environment and the Internet Addiction of College Students

Gao

Liu

2010

2010 2nd International Symposium on Information Engineering and Electronic Commerce

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With the expanding of network teaching, more and more college students begin to addict to the internet, so the design of more scientific network teaching environment is given more attention nowadays. In network teaching, not only the teaching content should be emphasized, but also a safe network teaching environment should be provided. This paper investigates the relationship between the network teaching environment and internet addiction and a model of network teaching environment is designed to enhance the environment and improve the effectiveness of the network teaching.

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“…Ageing changes have been described in the impar ligament, characterised by change in fibroblast shape and increased proteoglycan content (Bowker et al 2001). Evidence of inflammation was also seen at the intersection of the DSIL and DDFT in horses with navicular syndrome (Bowker 2003).…”

Section: Distal Sesamoidean Impar Ligament (Dsil)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between histopathological lesions and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diseases of the foot of the horse

Schramme¹

2012

bavf

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Le nombre croissant d'études histopathologiques portant sur les tissus du pied a permis d'expliquer et de valider les variations des signaux obtenus par l'imagerie de résonance magnétique (IRM) dans la pratique équine clinique. En particulier, l'IRM a permis d'élucider les différents grades des anomalies histologiques et peut-être aussi les différentes étapes de la progression de la dégénérescence du tendon fléchisseur profond et de l'os naviculaire. Cependant, des travaux supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour continuer d'améliorer nos connaissances sur les différentes causes de boiterie du pied et leur pathogénie.Mot clés : IRM, tendon fléchisseur profond, os naviculaire. RÉSUMÉ(1) DrMedVet, PhD, Diplomate ECVS, Diplomate ACVS, VetAgro Sup, Campus Veterinaire de Lyon. The increasing number of available pathological studies on the various tissues of the foot has helped validate the significance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) signal variations documented with various clinical MRI systems used in equine practice. In particular MRI has helped elucidate the different grades of histological abnormalities and possibly also different stages of disease progression in the deep

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Effect of contact stress in bones of the distal interphalangeal joint on microscopic changes in articular cartilage and ligaments

Cited by 43 publications

References 44 publications

Mechanical behavior and quantitative morphology of the equine laminar junction

Mechanical behavior and quantitative morphology of the equine laminar junction

The Design of Network Teaching Environment and the Internet Addiction of College Students

Relationship between histopathological lesions and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diseases of the foot of the horse

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