Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Intake on Endurance Exercise Performance and Anti-fatigue in Student Athletes

Terasawa, Naoko; Okamoto, Ken; Nakada, Kenta; Masuda, Kouji

doi:10.5650/jos.ess17053

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Knowledge of CLA’s effects on endurance exercise is currently limited and often conflicting, and most research has been on overweight subjects. In one placebo-controlled study, CLA at 0.9 g/day for 14 days significantly increased exercise time to exhaustion and tended to decrease perceived exertion in athletes [34], while 0.8 g/day for 8 weeks in another study showed no effect on time to exhaustion, VO 2max , or body composition in healthy young men [35]. The ISSN acknowledges that while CLA animal studies are impressive, human studies are not yet convincing and currently considers CLA to have little evidence regarding supplementation [36].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and Supplement Update for the Endurance Athlete: Review and Recommendations

2019

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Background: Endurance events have experienced a significant increase in growth in the new millennium and are popular activities for participation globally. Sports nutrition recommendations for endurance exercise however remains a complex issue with often opposing views and advice by various health care professionals. Methods: A PubMed/Medline search on the topics of endurance, athletes, nutrition, and performance was undertaken and a review performed summarizing the current evidence concerning macronutrients, hydration, and supplements as it pertains to endurance athletes. Results: Carbohydrate and hydration recommendations have not drastically changed in years, while protein and fat intake have been traditionally underemphasized in endurance athletes. Several supplements are commercially available to athletes, of which, few may be of benefit for endurance activities, including nitrates, antioxidants, caffeine, and probiotics, and are reviewed here. The topic of “train low,” training in a low carbohydrate state is also discussed, and the post-exercise nutritional “recovery window” remains an important point to emphasize to endurance competitors. Conclusions: This review summarizes the key recommendations for macronutrients, hydration, and supplements for endurance athletes, and helps clinicians treating endurance athletes clear up misconceptions in sports nutrition research when counseling the endurance athlete.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and Supplement Update for the Endurance Athlete: Review and Recommendations

2019

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“…Meats, particularly red meats, have long faced criticism for their content of saturated fat. However, meats also encompass significant quantities of monounsaturated fatty acids such as conjugated linoleic acid which are important for athletes and can lead to a reduction of fatigue and increase exercise outcome [ 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Nutrition For Elite Fencersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition for European Elite Fencers: A Practical Tool for Coaches and Athletes

Lomazzi

2024

Nutrients

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The aim of this narrative review is to create a comprehensive, innovative, and pragmatic resource to guide elite fencers and coaches in making strategic nutritional choices to enhance performance and facilitate recovery. The literature review identified only 12 articles specifically addressing the topic of nutrition for fencers. Thus, the recommendations provided in this review derive also from articles dealing with similar sports, such as martial arts, and from investigations with European elite fencers and their coaches. For elite fencers, it is suggested to consume daily 7–11 g/kg of body weight (BW) of carbohydrates and 1.5–2 g/kg of BW of proteins and allocate 25% to 30% of the total energy intake to essential fats, with a specific focus on omega-3 fatty acids. The timing of meals, ideally within one hour after exertion, plays a pivotal role in restoring glycogen reserves and preventing injuries. The intake of leucine, creatine, omega-3, collagen, and vitamins C and D is proposed as a strategy for injury recovery. It is worth acknowledging that even when personalized plans are provided, implementation can be challenging, especially during competitions and training camps.

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“…A comprehensive review concluded that previous human studies have shown that administration of CLA supplements in different doses (1.6–6.8 g/day), over a period of 3–24 weeks, improves physical performance, which was associated with changes in testosterone levels [ 22 ]. Terasawa et al showed that taking CLA supplements (isomers were not identified) at a dose of 0.9 of a gram/day for 2 weeks improved physical performance and reduced exercise-induced fatigue in male athletes [ 98 ]. Furthermore, CLA supplementation (78% total CLA, with 37% of the oil as c9, t11 isomers and 37% as t10, c12 isomers) for 6 weeks at a dose of 5.6 g/day had no effect on physical performance in young athletes, as assessed by VO2 max, physical working capacity, and gas exchange threshold [ 99 ].…”

Section: Cla Effects On Physical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of conjugated linoleic acids on inflammation, oxidative stress, body composition and physical performance: a comprehensive review of putative molecular mechanisms

Putera,

Doewes,

Shalaby

et al. 2023

Nutr Metab (Lond)

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Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) are polyunsaturated fatty acids primarily found in dairy products and ruminant animal products such as beef, lamb, and butter. Supplementation of CLAs has recently become popular among athletes due to the variety of health-promoting effects, including improvements in physical performance. Preclinical and some clinical studies have shown that CLAs can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress and favorably modulate body composition and physical performance; however, the results of previously published clinical trials are mixed. Here, we performed a comprehensive review of previously published clinical trials that assessed the role of CLAs in modulating inflammation, oxidative stress, body composition, and select indices of physical performance, emphasizing the molecular mechanisms governing these changes. The findings of our review demonstrate that the effect of supplementation with CLAs on inflammation and oxidative stress is controversial, but this supplement can decrease body fat mass and increase physical performance. Future well-designed randomized clinical trials are warranted to determine the effectiveness of (1) specific doses of CLAs; (2) different dosing durations of CLAs; (3) various CLA isomers, and the exact molecular mechanisms by which CLAs positively influence oxidative stress, inflammation, body composition, and physical performance.

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Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Intake on Endurance Exercise Performance and Anti-fatigue in Student Athletes

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

Nutrition and Supplement Update for the Endurance Athlete: Review and Recommendations

Nutrition and Supplement Update for the Endurance Athlete: Review and Recommendations

Nutrition for European Elite Fencers: A Practical Tool for Coaches and Athletes

The effect of conjugated linoleic acids on inflammation, oxidative stress, body composition and physical performance: a comprehensive review of putative molecular mechanisms

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