Effect of concurrent acute infection with hepatitis C virus on acute hepatitis B virus infection.

Mimms, Larry; Mosley, James W.; Hollinger, F. Blaine; Aach, Richard D.; Stevens, Cladd E.; Cunningham, Madeleine W.; Vallari, D S; Barbosa, Luiz H.; Nemo, George J.

doi:10.1136/bmj.307.6912.1095

Cited by 123 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The protective effect of chronic HBV infection (positive HBsAg) found in this study (P = 0.007) has also been described by other authors (33,34). It has been attributed to viral interference between HBV and HCV, with the mechanism still not elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Hepatitis C virus infection among Brazilian hemophiliacs: a virological, clinical and epidemiological study

Carmo

Oliveira

Guimarães

et al. 2002

Braz J Med Biol Res

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We determined and analyzed risk factors of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected Brazilian hemophiliacs according to their virological, clinical and epidemiological characteristics. A cross-sectional and retrospective study of 469 hemophiliacs was carried out at a Brazilian blood center starting in October 1997. The prevalence of HCV infection, HCV genotypes and factors associated with HCV RNA detection was determined. The seroprevalence of anti-HCV antibodies (ELISA-3.0) was 44.6% (209/469). Virological, clinical and epidemiological assessments were completed for 162 positive patients. There were seven (4.3%) anti-HCV seroconversions between October 1992 and October 1997. During the same period, 40.8% of the positive anti-HCV hemophiliacs had abnormal alanine transaminase (ALT) levels. Plasma HCV RNA was detected by nested-RT-PCR in 116 patients (71.6%). RFLP analysis showed the following genotype distribution: HCV-1 in 98 hemophiliacs (84.5%), HCV-3 in ten (8.6%), HCV-4 in three (2.6%), HCV-2 in one (0.9%), and not typeable in four cases (3.4%). Univariate analysis indicated that older age (P = 0.017) and abnormal ALT levels (P = 0.010) were associated with HCV viremia, while the presence of inhibitor antibodies (P = 0.024) and HBsAg (P = 0.007) represented a protective factor against the presence of HCV RNA. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between HCV infection and hemophilia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Hepatitis C virus infection among Brazilian hemophiliacs: a virological, clinical and epidemiological study

Carmo

Oliveira

Guimarães

et al. 2002

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…Lengths of window periods for serological screening were taken from the literature as follows: 22 (6–38) days for anti–HIV 1 + 2 [17], 66 (38–94) days for anti–HCV third–generation EIA [15]and 59 (37– 87) days for HBsAg [18]. For NAT screening, the following window periods were used: 11 days for HIV–RNA NAT, 23 days for HCV–NAT, and 34 days for HBV–DNA NAT [16, 19].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results of Viral Marker Screening of Unpaid Blood Donations and Probability of Window Period Donations in 1997

Müller-Breitkreutz¹

2000

Vox Sanguinis

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Background and Objectives: To monitor the safety of the blood supply and evaluate the potential benefits of additional measures, the likelihood of virus transmission must be assessed. The European Plasma Fractionation Association and its member organisations have therefore developed a surveillance system to monitor infection markers among unpaid blood and plasma donors. We report and analyse the results of this surveillance for 1997. Materials and Methods: Data from the screening of unpaid donations for anti–HIV, anti–HCV and HBsAg during 1997 were collected retrospectively by EPFA member organisations. We identified seroconverters and estimate the probability of window period donations. Results: Data included screening results from 11 million unpaid donations in Europe, the USA and Australia. Prevalence of viral markers varied, with marker rates from repeat donations in Europe and Australia being significantly lower than in the USA. For first– time donations, in contrast, prevalence of HBsAg in the USA was within the ranges of those measured in Europe and Australia. Screening data of about 5 million European and 0.5 million Australian repeat donations were used to identify seroconverters. From the seroconverters that were detected among the European organisations, we estimated that 1 in every 2,323,778 repeat donations (range: 707,090–20,922,520) was made during the window period of anti–HIV screening. One in 620,754 (201,216–2,316,805) and 1 in 398,499 (155,209 to >1,088,511) repeat donations were made during the anti–HCV or HBsAg window period, respectively. Probabilities of window period donations in Australia were within the ranges of those measured in Europe. Conclusions: The collated surveillance data of 1997 illustrate the high degree of safety in blood and plasma products from unpaid donors.

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“…Acute coinfection with HBV and HCV can shorten the duration of HBs antigenemia and lower the peak serum aminotransferase concentrations compared with acute HBV infection alone [9,10] . However, acute coinfections of HCV and HBV, or acute HCV on preexisting chronic HBV, have also been reported to increase the risk of severe hepatitis and fulminant hepatic failure [11] .…”

Section: Hepatitis B Virus (Hbv) Co-infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C comorbidities affecting the course and response to therapy

El-Zayadi¹

2009

WJG

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Several studies have demonstrated that the outcome of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection is profoundly influenced by a variety of comorbidities. Many of these comorbidities have a significant influence on the response to antiviral therapy. These comorbidities negatively affect the course and outcome of liver disease, often reducing the chance of achieving a sustained virological response with PEGylated interferon and ribavirin treatments. Comorbidities affecting response to antiviral therapy reduce compliance and adherence to inadequate doses of therapy. The most important comorbidities affecting the course of CHC include hepatitis B virus coinfection, metabolic syndrome, and intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Comorbidities affecting the course and response to therapy include schistosomiasis, iron overload, alcohol abuse, and excessive smoking. Comorbidities affecting response to antiviral therapy include depression, anemia, cardiovascular disease, and renal failure.

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Effect of concurrent acute infection with hepatitis C virus on acute hepatitis B virus infection.

Cited by 123 publications

References 12 publications

Hepatitis C virus infection among Brazilian hemophiliacs: a virological, clinical and epidemiological study

Hepatitis C virus infection among Brazilian hemophiliacs: a virological, clinical and epidemiological study

Results of Viral Marker Screening of Unpaid Blood Donations and Probability of Window Period Donations in 1997

Hepatitis C comorbidities affecting the course and response to therapy

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