Effect of concentrated solar energy on microstructure evolution of selective  laser melted Ti-6Al-4V alloy

Chicoş, Lucia-Antoneta; Zaharia, Sebastian Marian; Cempura, Grzegorz; Kruk, Adam; Lech, Sebastian; Kryshtal, A. P.; Ziętara, Maciej; Michta, G.; Rodríguez, J.; Cosnita, Mihaela; Pop, Mihai Alin; Lancea, Camil

doi:10.1007/s00170-021-08136-6

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In both conditions, the cross-section shows a typical colony basket weave-α microstructure consisting of thin α-laths in coarse prior β grains separated continuous β films. This is a typical observation of LB-PBF-produced Ti-6Al-4 V alloys where the later deposited layers experience lower cooling rates, resulting in the formation of a Widmanstätten-like α structure within the columnar β grains along the build direction [41][42][43].…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Cbf Processed Ti-6al-4 V Microstructurementioning

confidence: 65%

A comprehensive investigation of abrasive barrel finishing on hardness and manufacturability of laser-based powder bed fusion hollow components

Khorasani

Ghasemi

Farabi

et al. 2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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One of the main issues of laser-based powder bed fusion (LB-PBF) parts is surface quality and dimensional deviations, which require post-processing. Conventional post-processing such as turning and milling cannot machine internal surfaces and therefore is not suitable for hollow components. In this paper, Ti–6Al–4 V components with different hollow shapes were printed by LB-PBF and post-processed by centrifugal barrel finishing (CBF). Samples were printed based on Taguchi L18 design of experiments (DoE) on the (L18: 21 × 33) matrix and polished in abrasive solution by porcelain triangular media 2 × 2 mm. The effect of process parameters including rotation direction, speed, time and volumetric percentage of abrasive on hardness and manufacturability, including surface quality, material removal rate (MRR) and dimensional deviation, are discussed. The novelty of this work is the application of this process to clean both the internal and external surfaces of LB-PBF parts, where previously it has only been investigated for external surfaces. This paper scrutinized the performance of the CBF on internal geometries, and it was shown for the size of the investigated components, the hexagonal hollow achieved the highest maximum removal rate over the square and circular hollows. In addition, the effect of CBF on plastic deformation and microstructural characterization has been investigated to find the effect of this process on work hardening. The results of this study also show that the rotational speed and the volumetric percentage of the abrasive directly drive the MRR. A higher rotational speed increases the slope of the sliding path and the sliding speed between printed parts and abrasive media, which causes higher cutting and grinding, MRR and media wear rate.

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Section: Evaluation Of the Cbf Processed Ti-6al-4 V Microstructurementioning

confidence: 65%

A comprehensive investigation of abrasive barrel finishing on hardness and manufacturability of laser-based powder bed fusion hollow components

Khorasani

Ghasemi

Farabi

et al. 2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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“…The microhardness values of the SLMed Ti-6Al-4V after heat treatment had a higher dispersion than those untreated in both the cross-section and the horizontal section [16]. In addition, they also pronounced that the decomposition of α martensite after heat treatment in the solar furnace was influenced by temperatures and was different between the top and middle areas [17]. Alaei Moeen et al found that dislocation density, microhardness, and yield strength decreased, but plasticity increased with the temperature being elevated from 1100 • C to 1400 • C for 4 h [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Selective Laser Melting Additive Manufactured Tantalum: Effect of Microstructure and Impurities on the Strengthening-Toughing Mechanism

Lian

Chen

et al. 2023

Materials

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The balance between the strength and the toughness of pure tantalum (Ta) fabricated with selective laser melting (SLM) additive manufacturing is a major challenge due to the defect generation and affinity for oxygen and nitrogen. This study investigated the effects of energy density and post-vacuum annealing on the relative density and microstructure of SLMed tantalum. The influences of microstructure and impurities on strength and toughness were mainly analyzed. The results indicated that the toughness of SLMed tantalum significantly increased due to a reduction in pore defects and oxygen-nitrogen impurities, with energy density decreasing from 342 J/mm3 to 190 J/mm3. The oxygen impurities mainly stemmed from the gas inclusions of tantalum powders, while nitrogen impurities were mainly from the chemical reaction between the molten liquid tantalum and nitrogen in the atmosphere. The proportion of <110> texture decreased after vacuum-annealing at 1200 °C, while that of the <100> texture increased. Concurrently, the density of dislocations and small-angle grain boundaries significantly decreased while the resistance of the deformation dislocation slip was significantly reduced, enhancing the fractured elongation up to 28% at the expense of 14% tensile strength.

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“…In recent years, many researchers discussed the different heat treatment techniques and their effect on the performance of AM and conventionally processed components. Concentrated solar energy is being utilized for heat treatment of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy fabricated by selective laser melting [12]. After heat treatment, the microhardness was decreased compared with as-fabricated samples [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Integrity of Cryogenically Finished Additively Manufactured and Conventional Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Singh

Kumar

Jain

2023

Metals

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is used for the fabrication of solid components of complex geometries for customized applications. However, AM-fabricated components frequently require finishing operations such as abrasive grinding, which causes a different surface characteristic compared to the conventionally manufactured components. Thus, it is essential to study the effect of process parameters and the heat treatment on surface quality of the AM components because these may behave differently to the conventional manufactured components. In this study, surface characteristics of AM samples of Ti-6Al-4V with a cryogenically cooled finishing operation is compared with that of conventionally processed samples. The samples under investigation were fabricated by two different methods, namely, Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) and conventional processing. The effect of the two processes on surface characteristics, such as microhardness, surface roughness, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and mechanical properties has been studied. The average surface roughness from cryogenic grinding was reduced by 27.25% and 23.15% for the AM, and 30.08% and 29.13% for conventional samples, as compared to dry and moist conditions, respectively. The finished DMLS and conventional samples showed increase of microhardness by 14.07%, 14.27%, 17.54% and 17.48%, 8.06%, 38.68%, in dry, moist, and cryogenic conditions, respectively. In cryogenic conditions, as the DOC and table feed increased, a greater increase in peak broadening was observed. The peak broadening in XRD of finished DMLS components indicates that a significant level of plastic deformation occurred compared to the finished conventionally manufactured Ti-6Al-4V samples, which suggests that the DMLS samples are more sensitive to the finishing process. Compared to dry and moist grinding, cryogenic grinding was found to have the smallest grains in the layer just below the surface. The impact of cryogenic cooling on surface properties of AM Ti-6Al-4V samples is higher as compared to that on conventionally processed Ti-6Al-4V samples.

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Effect of concentrated solar energy on microstructure evolution of selective laser melted Ti-6Al-4V alloy

Cited by 6 publications

References 57 publications

A comprehensive investigation of abrasive barrel finishing on hardness and manufacturability of laser-based powder bed fusion hollow components

A comprehensive investigation of abrasive barrel finishing on hardness and manufacturability of laser-based powder bed fusion hollow components

Selective Laser Melting Additive Manufactured Tantalum: Effect of Microstructure and Impurities on the Strengthening-Toughing Mechanism

Surface Integrity of Cryogenically Finished Additively Manufactured and Conventional Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

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