Effect of Compression Ratio on Perception of Time Compressed Phonemically Balanced Words in Kannada and Monosyllables

Abstract

The present study attempted to study perception of time-compressed speech and the effect of compression ratio for phonemically balanced (PB) word lists in Kannada and monosyllables. The test was administered on 30 normal hearing individuals at compression ratios of 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% and 80% for PB words in Kannada and monosyllables.The results of the study showed that the speech identification scores for time-compressed speech reduced with increase in compression ratio. The scores were better for monosyllables compared to PB words especially at higher compression ratios. The study provides speech identification scores at different compression ratio for PB words and monosyllables in individuals with normal hearing. The results of the study also showed that the scores did not vary across gender for all the compression ratios for both the stimuli. The same test material needs to be compared the clinical population with central auditory processing disorder for clinical validation of the present results.

What's on the Inside Counts: A Grounded Account of Concept Acquisition and Development

“…In sum, we argue that Equation (4) describes the general form of a grounded concept, can accommodate current views on concepts, can account for abstract concept acquisition, and allows us to incorporate a rich embodied experience without positing a separate mechanism. For example, the modalities that provide features can extend to the social domain, in line with claims that more abstract words go beyond the simple sensorimotor to include a stronger social component (Borghi and Cimatti, 2009 , 2012 ; Borghi and Binkofski, 2014 ). It is also worth highlighting that the characterization does not require all components to be related to some form of sensorimotor experience (even if rich).…”

“…Other theories imply that the grounding of more abstract concepts can take place in modalities beyond the five senses in the strict sense. The Words As Tools theory (WAT; Borghi and Binkofski, 2014 ) sees words as social tools, whose use is a “type of experience” (Borghi and Cimatti, 2012 , p. 22), which provides a potential way of grounding abstract concepts in a type of social modality. Similarly, Thill et al ( 2014 ) argue that one should not restrict the embodied experience to the “outside” in a theory of concept grounding while Wellsby and Pexman ( 2014a ) note that the focus so far has been more on interaction with the external world and less on “sensing bodies” (their term).…”

Time-compressed speech test in adults with and without central auditory processing disorders

“…In the TCST studies in other languages, there are reports of the opposite happening -monosyllabic words obtained more correct answers in relation to the disyllable ones. Therefore, it is important to know the linguistic characteristics of each language in which the test was standardized 10,33,34 .…”

Effect of Age on Time-Compressed Speech Perception And Speech Perception in Noise in Normal-Hearing Individuals

“…There are indications that, compared to young listeners, individuals of middle-age and older have greater difficulty in understanding speech as compression ratio and noise level increases [13,15,23,24]. The time-compressed speech test (TCST) and the speech in noise (SPIN) test are common monaural low redundancy tests.…”

“…A study by Versfeld and Dreschler evaluated speech intelligibility in young (20 to 29 years) and older (58 to 70 years) individuals using TCST and SPIN; overall, they reported that elderly listeners performed poorly in comparison to the younger listeners [13]. Another study by Prabhu et al (2015) also reported that, as compression ratio increased, speech recognition scores reduced. Indirectly, it indicates that individuals can hear better at lower compression levels [24].…”