Effect of compaction pressure and heating rate on microstructure and mechanical properties of spark plasma sintered Ti6Al4V alloy

Garbiec, Dariusz; Siwak, Piotr; Mróz, Adrian

doi:10.1016/j.acme.2016.04.009

Cited by 38 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…A new hybrid powder metallurgy approach combining accelerated sintering with hot forging, could provide designers with the option to engineer future components with sections containing dissimilar titanium alloys, thus integrating controlled changes in properties across the component. a solid-state powder processing method known as field assisted sintering technology (FAST) or spark plasma sintering (SPS) is emerging as a flexible powder consolidated route for titanium alloys [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. When compared to conventional powder processing and sintering methods, FAST is advantageous due to an electrical current, which has been shown to provide faster heating rates and consolidation compared to conventional sintering [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FAST-forge of Diffusion Bonded Dissimilar Titanium Alloys: A Novel Hybrid Processing Approach for Next Generation Near-Net Shape Components

Pope

Jackson

2019

Metals

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Material reductions, weight savings, design optimisation, and a reduction in the environmental impact can be achieved by improving the performance of near-net shape (NNS) titanium alloy components. The method demonstrated in this paper is to use a solid-state approach, which includes diffusion bonding discrete layers of dissimilar titanium alloy powders (CP-Ti, Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr) using field-assisted sintering technology (FAST), followed by subsequent forging steps. This article demonstrates the hybrid process route, firstly through small-scale uni-axial compression tests and secondly through closed-die forging of dissimilar titanium alloy FAST preforms into an NNS (near-net shape) component. In order to characterise and simulate the underlying forging behaviour of dissimilar alloy combinations, uni-axial compression tests of FAST cylindrical samples provided flow stress behaviour and the effect of differing alloy volume fractions on the resistance to deformation and hot working behaviour. Despite the mismatch in the magnitude of flow stress between alloys, excellent structural bond integrity is maintained throughout. This is also reflected in the comparatively uncontrolled closed-die forging of the NNS demonstrator components. Microstructural analysis across the dissimilar diffusion bond line was undertaken in the components and finite element modelling software reliably predicts the strain distribution and bond line flow behaviour during the multi-step forging process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FAST-forge of Diffusion Bonded Dissimilar Titanium Alloys: A Novel Hybrid Processing Approach for Next Generation Near-Net Shape Components

Pope

Jackson

2019

Metals

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“…However, the authors seem not to discuss the effect of pressure on the sintering mechanisms occurring. Different sintering mechanisms influenced by compaction pressure have been reported for Ti6Al4V alloy during SPS [16]. The authors explained that sintering mechanisms at 5 MPa compaction pressure occurred by electric discharges between particles and were dominant during the whole sintering stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Garbiec, et al [16] further suggest that increased compaction pressure assisted in densification during heating by more rapid formation of necks favoring Joule effect which in turn enhanced diffusion and thereafter grain growth resulted. [19] report plastic deformation as densification mechanism in TiAl intermetallics prepared by SPS, the authors related the effect of pressure on density.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two methods are widely used by researchers, SPS technique is a promising technique due to aforementioned reasons [12]. Ti6Al4V master alloy and TiAl intermetallics are among advanced materials that are widely used in high added value industries and thus most investigated by the economic SPS technique [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] while only few investigations are focused on SPS of CP-Ti.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of pure titanium powders processed by spark plasma sintering

et al. 2019

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In this study the effect of sintering pressure on the densification, microstructure and mechanical properties of commercial pure titanium (CP-Ti) powders with varying chemistry was investigated. The sintering was performed at a constant dwell time of 3 min at varying temperature and pressure in the range of 550-900°C and 25-75 MPa in vacuum, respectively. Full densification with high Vickers hardness values of 340 HV and 262 HV was obtained at 25 MPa at 800°C and 900°C respectively for two commercial powders with different average particles sizes. Different microstructural transformations with respect to increasing temperature and pressure were observed on the sintered pellets. The results were discussed emphasizing the huge role of the interstitial elements, contained in the starting powders, on the properties (relative density, Vickers hardness and microstructure) of the dense samples. This paper shows that good mechanical properties can be obtained by SPS technique when CP-Ti powders are sintered at very low temperature during a short period in contrast to conventional fabrication techniques.

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“…In order to strengthen the titanium alloy, different alloying elements like Sn, Zr (neutral stabilizer), Al, O, N, C (α stabilizer), Mo, V, Ta, Nb (β isomorphous stabilizer) and Fe, Mn, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Si, H, (β eutectoid stabilizer) are added [2,3]. The material having high strength-to-weight ratio, high stiffness, good corrosion resistance [4][5][6][7][8], good weldability, and high resistance to temperature is Ti6Al4V alloy [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], which was developed by adding 6 % aluminium (α stabilizer), 4 % vanadium (β stabilizer), and remaining titanium in the year 1954 [20,21]. Nowadays, titanium alloys (Ti6Al4V -two-phase α, β alloys) are greatly used in different industries: aircraft, spacecraft, marine, automotive, biomedical, chemical, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sn addition on the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of the titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V)

Rajadurai¹,

Annamalai²

2018

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Ti-6Al-4V-xSn (x = 2, 4, and 6 wt.%) alloys were developed for the aerospace application through the near net shaped technique powder metallurgy route. Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) was used to sinter the samples. The influence of Sn particles on the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of titanium alloy was examined through a novel technique called SPS. It has been found that Sn has a strong solid solution strengthening ability in the titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V). Moreover, the addition influences the microstructure and mechanical properties of titanium alloy. With increasing the percentage of Sn content, the density of the samples decreases, and the mechanical properties like yield stress (YS), ultimate tensile stress (UTS), the percentage of elongation and the hardness are greatly varying. From this investigation, it is found that YS, UTS, the percentage of elongation of the samples of Ti6Al4V-2Sn alloy exhibit better values than of Ti6Al4V-4Sn and Ti6Al4V-6Sn alloys, and the hardness of the samples is increasing with the addition of Sn from 2 to 6 %. K e y w o r d s : Ti-6Al-4V-xSn (x = 2, 4, and 6 wt.%), Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS), microstructure, mechanical properties

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Effect of compaction pressure and heating rate on microstructure and mechanical properties of spark plasma sintered Ti6Al4V alloy

Cited by 38 publications

References 14 publications

FAST-forge of Diffusion Bonded Dissimilar Titanium Alloys: A Novel Hybrid Processing Approach for Next Generation Near-Net Shape Components

FAST-forge of Diffusion Bonded Dissimilar Titanium Alloys: A Novel Hybrid Processing Approach for Next Generation Near-Net Shape Components

Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of pure titanium powders processed by spark plasma sintering

Effect of Sn addition on the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of the titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V)

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