Effect of combining ethylene/methyl acrylate/glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer and an organoclay on the toughening of poly(lactic acid)

Brito, Gustavo F.; Agrawal, Pankaj; Araújo, Edcleide Maria; Mélo, Tomás Jefférson Alves de

doi:10.1002/pen.23739

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…This decrease in the PE dispersed phase domains size is more pronounced in the PLA/PE/EMA‐GMA/OMMT bionanocomposite (Figure d). This may be related to the combining effect of EMA‐GMA terpolymer and OMMT clay when present together …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bionanocomposite Obtained from Poly (lactic acid)/Biopolyethylene Blend and Clay

Araújo

Agrawal

Cavalcanti

et al. 2014

Macromolecular Symposia

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Summary The aim of this work is the development of a bionanocomposite from Poly (lactic acid)‐PLA/Biopolyethylene (PE) blend and clay. The montmorillonite (MMT) clay was organically modified with an ionic surfactant to become organophilic (OMMT). The MMT and OMMT clays were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X‐Ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. The blends and the biocomposites were prepared by extrusion followed by injection molding and characterized by XRD, mechanical properties and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). XRD and FTIR results indicated that the MMT clay was sucessfully modified becoming OMMT. XRD results also indicated that for the PLA/PE/EMA‐GMA biocomposite a bionanocomposite with an intercalated structure was obtained. SEM results showed that the addition of the OMMT clay to both PLA/PE and PLA/PE/EMA‐GMA blends led to a substantial decrease in the PE dispersed phase domains size. This decrease was more pronounced in the PLA/EMA‐GMA/OMMT bionanocomposite.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bionanocomposite Obtained from Poly (lactic acid)/Biopolyethylene Blend and Clay

Araújo

Agrawal

Cavalcanti

et al. 2014

Macromolecular Symposia

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“…For each sample, at least 300 particles from 2 or more TEM images were measured. The method used to analyze the particle size diameter is reported in another work …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Morphological Properties of PLA/BioPE Blend Compatibilized with E‐GMA and EMA‐GMA Copolymers

Brito

Agrawal

Mélo

2016

Macromolecular Symposia

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In this work, the effect of Ethylene-Glycidyl Methacrylate (E-GMA) and Ethylene-Methyl Acrylate-Glycidyl Methacrylate (EMA-GMA) copolymers on the mechanical and morphological properties on the blends of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) with biopolyethylene (BioPE) was evaluated. Uncompatibilized and compatibilized blends were prepared by extrusion followed by injection molding and characterized by Melt Flow Index (MFI), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical properties, Scanning (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results of mechanical tests showed that E-GMA and EMA-GMA copolymers acted promoting the compatibilization of the PLA/BioPE blend. MFI measurements along with FTIR and morphology analysis by SEM indicated the formation of in-situ copolymers due to reactions between hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups of PLA and the epoxy groups of E-GMA and EMA-GMA copolymers.

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“…43,44 The reactive blending of PLA and EGMA might provide toughness improvement; 45 certain multiphase blend systems on the basis of PLA/EGMA matrix with improved mechanical or thermal properties have been reported. 43,46,47 It has been predicted that the glycidyl groups with high concentration (8%) in EGMA can react with carboxyl and hydroxyl in PLA to form an effective interfacial layer, which helps to improve greatly the toughness of PLA materials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making a Supertough Flame-Retardant Polylactide Composite through Reactive Blending with Ethylene-Acrylic Ester-Glycidyl Methacrylate Terpolymer and Addition of Aluminum Hypophosphite

Deng

et al. 2017

ACS Omega

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Biocompatible and biodegradable polylactide (PLA) composites with supertough mechanical property and sufficient flame retardancy were fabricated by employing a facile approach involving reactive blending of PLA and ethylene-acrylic ester-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (EGMA), with the addition of aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) as an effective flame retardant. In consideration of the balance between mechanical property and flame retardancy, the optimal formula was taking a PLA/EGMA 80/20 blend (supertough STPLA) as the matrix and adding 20 wt % of AHP (relative to the mass of STPLA) as the flame retardant, coded as STPLA/20AHP. The mechanical property test showed that for STPLA/20AHP the elongation at break was increased by about 22 times and the notched Izod impact strength was enhanced by approximately 11 times as compared to those for neat PLA. The flame-retardant property test showed that for STPLA/20AHP the limiting oxygen index value reached 26.6% and the UL-94 V0 rating test was passed. Thermogravimetric analysis, microscale combustion calorimetry, and cone calorimeter were further applied to reveal the thermal stability and combustion behaviors of STPLA/ x AHP, respectively, where x indicated the mass content of AHP in percentage. The phase separation morphology, dispersion of AHP particles in STPLA matrix, and fracture surfaces and char residues after flame burning were examined by phase contrast optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively, which helped comprehend the results obtained from the mechanical property and flame retardancy tests. The supertough STPLA/ x AHP, with sufficient flame retardancy as prepared in this work, could have a potential for engineering applications.

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Effect of combining ethylene/methyl acrylate/glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer and an organoclay on the toughening of poly(lactic acid)

Cited by 18 publications

References 42 publications

Bionanocomposite Obtained from Poly (lactic acid)/Biopolyethylene Blend and Clay

Bionanocomposite Obtained from Poly (lactic acid)/Biopolyethylene Blend and Clay

Mechanical and Morphological Properties of PLA/BioPE Blend Compatibilized with E‐GMA and EMA‐GMA Copolymers

Making a Supertough Flame-Retardant Polylactide Composite through Reactive Blending with Ethylene-Acrylic Ester-Glycidyl Methacrylate Terpolymer and Addition of Aluminum Hypophosphite

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