Effect of combined pollution of chromium and benzo (a) pyrene on seed growth of Lolium perenne

Chigbo, Chibuike; Batty, Lesley

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.06.021

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Three different colonies, corresponding to ASI11, HU33, and HU38, could be isolated from LB plates, showing compatibility between the selected strains (data not shown). Ryegrass was shown to tolerate Cr and other heavy metals contamination in previous experiments (Duquène et al, 2009 ; Chigbo and Batty, 2013 ; Lou et al, 2013 ) and was therefore chosen as experimental plant. Surface sterilized seeds (200) of ryegrass were sown in the tannery effluent contaminated soil (Cr content, 2243 mg kg −1 ; pH 7.11; Na 10370 mg kg −1 ; Cl 4410 mg kg −1 ; SO 4 1081 mg kg −1 ; PO 4 30 mg kg −1 ; NO 3 657 mg kg −1 ) in plastic pots (1.5 kg soil pot −1 ) and bacterial inoculum was applied individually as well as in combination over the soil surface immediately after sowing the seeds as described earlier (Afzal et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cr-resistant rhizo- and endophytic bacteria associated with Prosopis juliflora and their potential as phytoremediation enhancing agents in metal-degraded soils

et al. 2015

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Prosopis juliflora is characterized by distinct and profuse growth even in nutritionally poor soil and environmentally stressed conditions and is believed to harbor some novel heavy metal-resistant bacteria in the rhizosphere and endosphere. This study was performed to isolate and characterize Cr-resistant bacteria from the rhizosphere and endosphere of P. juliflora growing on the tannery effluent contaminated soil. A total of 5 and 21 bacterial strains were isolated from the rhizosphere and endosphere, respectively, and were shown to tolerate Cr up to 3000 mg l−1. These isolates also exhibited tolerance to other toxic heavy metals such as, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn, and high concentration (174 g l−1) of NaCl. Moreover, most of the isolated bacterial strains showed one or more plant growth-promoting activities. The phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed that the predominant species included Bacillus, Staphylococcus and Aerococcus. As far as we know, this is the first report analyzing rhizo- and endophytic bacterial communities associated with P. juliflora growing on the tannery effluent contaminated soil. The inoculation of three isolates to ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) improved plant growth and heavy metal removal from the tannery effluent contaminated soil suggesting that these bacteria could enhance the establishment of the plant in contaminated soil and also improve the efficiency of phytoremediation of heavy metal-degraded soils.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cr-resistant rhizo- and endophytic bacteria associated with Prosopis juliflora and their potential as phytoremediation enhancing agents in metal-degraded soils

et al. 2015

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“…Fluoranthene in solution resulted in less accumulation of Cu and Pb by wheat (Wetzel et al, 1994). Cr and benzo(a)pyrene in solution have significant antagonistic effects on the germination rate of ryegrass, and exhibit several types of interaction for growth of ryegrass with different combinations of concentrations of these two pollutants (Chigbo and Batty, 2013). As and phenanthrene in soil have synergistic effects on antioxidants in Chinese brake (Sun et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined effects of cadmium and fluoranthene on germination, growth and photosynthesis of soybean seedlings

Shi

et al. 2013

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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The single and combinational effects of cadmium (Cd) and fluoranthene (FLT) on germination, growth and photosynthesis of soybean seedlings were investigated. Exposure to 5, 10, or 15 mg Cd/L or 1, 5, or 10 mg FLT/L individually or in combination significantly decreased germination vigor (3 days) and final germination rate of soybean seeds, except at 1 and 5 mg FLT/L. The results of two-way ANOVA analysis and the Bliss independence model showed that at lower concentrations of FLT (1 mg/L), the interaction between Cd and FLT on germination was antagonistic, whereas the interaction was synergistic when the concentration of FLT was 5 or 10 mg/L and the concentration of Cd was 15 mg/L. Growth, expressed as dry weight, length of shoot and root, leaf area, and photosynthesis, expressed as net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO 2 concentration, chlorophyll contents and fluorescence of soybean seedlings were also reduced by exposure to 5 or 10 mg Cd/L or 1 or 5 mg FLT/L, singly or jointly. Significant antagonistic effects of exposure to 5 or 10 mg Cd/L or 1 or 5 mg FLT/L on shoot growth and photosynthesis were observed, whereas synergy and antagonism of Cd and FLT were both observed for root growth.

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“…Chrome can be highly toxic for plants, especially in the hexavalent form Cr(VI) (Hayat et al 2012), 2 mg/kg dry matter reportedly being the critical leaf concentration for toxicity (White and Brown 2010). For example, concentrations of Cr of 2.35 to 14.1 mg/L reportedly non-lethally inhibit germination of Lolium perenne seeds (Chigbo and Batty 2013). This is substantially higher than the concentration detected in the aqueous cement extract used in our assays.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Germination of Medicago sativa is inhibited by soluble compounds in cement dust

Lafragüeta

García-Criado

Arranz³

et al. 2013

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Deposition of cement dust on soils and plant surfaces is known to affect plant growth and the species composition of plant communities, but little is known about its effects (and those of its pH and constituents) on germination. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the toxicity of an aqueous cement extract, constituents of the extract and pH on the germination of seeds of a selected species, Medicago sativa. First, the effects of the extract were tested in assays with concentrations and exposure durations ranging from 0 to 1.0 g/mL and 4 to 96 h, respectively. At 0.8 g/mL, the extract strongly inhibited germination; a 4-h exposure reduced the germination rate, from 77 ± 1.8 to 50 ± 2.6% (mean ± SE), while 8-h exposure completely inhibited it. Further, treatment at this concentration killed the non-germinating seeds, thus the inhibition was due to toxic effects. Neither the pH of the extract nor the concentration of its main soluble elements separately (K, Ca, S, Na, or Cr) caused the toxicity since germination rates were not significantly reduced when these variables were tested individually. However, a mixture of the elements in solution reduced germination rates, suggesting that they have adverse synergistic effects.

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Effect of combined pollution of chromium and benzo (a) pyrene on seed growth of Lolium perenne

Cited by 34 publications

References 19 publications

Cr-resistant rhizo- and endophytic bacteria associated with Prosopis juliflora and their potential as phytoremediation enhancing agents in metal-degraded soils

Cr-resistant rhizo- and endophytic bacteria associated with Prosopis juliflora and their potential as phytoremediation enhancing agents in metal-degraded soils

Combined effects of cadmium and fluoranthene on germination, growth and photosynthesis of soybean seedlings

Germination of Medicago sativa is inhibited by soluble compounds in cement dust

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