Effect of Combined Mental Task and Metaboreflex Activation on Hemodynamics and Cerebral Oxygenation in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome

Doneddu, Azzurrra; Roberto, Silvana; Pinna, Virginia; Magnani, Sara; Ghiani, Giovanna; Sainas, Gianmarco; Mulliri, Gabriele; Serra, Stefano; Kakhak, Seyed Alireza Hosseini; Milia, Raffaele; Guicciardi, Marco; Crisafulli, Antonio

doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00397

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 71 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar effects during exercise are observed regarding the impact of MetS on muscle metaboreflex activation, in which an enhanced vasoconstrictor response is observed similar to what has been seen in hypertension [22,23,53,82]. Furthermore, studies assessing the impact of obesity have shown that obesity alone does not significantly alter hemodynamics [23].…”

Section: Autonomic Function: Hypertensionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Altered Autonomic Function in Metabolic Syndrome: Interactive Effects of Multiple Components

Mannozzi,

Massoud,

Stavres

et al. 2024

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) describes a set of disorders that collectively influence cardiovascular health, and includes hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. All these components (hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, and prediabetes/diabetes) have been shown to modify autonomic function. The major autonomic dysfunction that has been documented with each of these components is in the control of sympathetic outflow to the heart and periphery at rest and during exercise through modulation of the arterial baroreflex and the muscle metaboreflex. Many studies have described MetS components in singularity or in combination with the other major components of metabolic syndrome. However, many studies lack the capability to study all the factors of metabolic syndrome in one model or have not focused on studying the effects of how each component as it arises influences overall autonomic function. The goal of this review is to describe the current understanding of major aspects of metabolic syndrome that most likely contribute to the consequent/associated autonomic alterations during exercise and discuss their effects, as well as bring light to alternative mechanisms of study.

show abstract

Section: Autonomic Function: Hypertensionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Altered Autonomic Function in Metabolic Syndrome: Interactive Effects of Multiple Components

Mannozzi,

Massoud,

Stavres

et al. 2024

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…All sessions lasting 12 min were composed of four blocks (3 min per block) spaced by a recovery of 15 min (cfr. Guicciardi et al, 2019, andDoneddu et al, 2020, for more details): a. BST session comprises a rest period of 6 min, 3 min of mental task and 3 min of further recovery. b.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS; Nonin, SenSmart X-100, Plymouth, MN, USA) was used to assess COX, providing a measure of oxygenated hemoglobin (Hb) in the brain tissue. NIRS was already used to assess COX during mental tasks (e.g., calculation), BST interference tasks, or Stroop tests in the general population ( Plichta et al, 2006 ; Ferreri et al, 2014 ) and in MS patients ( Guicciardi et al, 2019 ; Doneddu et al, 2020 ). Researchers placed two NIRS sensors in the subject’s right and left sides of the forehead above the eyebrow (between Fp1 and F3 regions, international EEG 10–20 system) and adjusted according to the stronger signal.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, in T2DM patients, the overlapping of a high-demand cognitive task to exercise could undermine the optimal neuronal environment. In a previous study conducted with patients suffering from metabolic syndrome (MS), we have observed that the connection between a concurrent mental task and metaboreflex can hesitate in a reduction of COX and in a deterioration of cognitive performance ( Guicciardi et al, 2019 ; Doneddu et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Affective Variables and Cognitive Performances During Exercise in a Group of Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous research has documented that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with cognitive impairment. Psychological variables were repeatedly investigated to understand why T2DM patients are poorly active, despite standards of medical care recommends performing aerobic and resistance exercise regularly and reducing the amount of time spent sitting. This exploratory study aims to investigate how affective variables as thoughts, feelings, and individuals’ stage of exercise adoption can modulate low cognitive performances during an experimental procedure based on exercise. The Exercise Thoughts Questionnaire (ETQ), Exercise-Induced Feeling Scale (EFI), and Physical Activity Stage of Change were administered to a sample of 12 T2DM patients. The Bivalent Shape Task (BST) alone (BST), BST with exercise [control exercise recovery (CER) + BST], and BST with metaboreflex [post-exercise muscle ischemia (PEMI) + BST] were used as mental task, and response time to congruent, incongruent, and neutral stimuli was recorded. Concomitant cerebral oxygenation (COX) was evaluated by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). As expected, T2DM patients performed significantly better when the stimulus was presented in congruent trials (followed by neutral and incongruent). In the CER + BST session, T2DM patients showed longer reaction time to incongruent trials than in the PEMI + BST and BST alone sessions. Positive feelings toward exercise seem to modulate cognitive performances in high challenging task only if T2DM patients were conscious to play exercise. These results could provide some insights for health intervention targeting exercise for patients with T2DM in order to enhance cognitive performances.

show abstract

“…A lesser-known aspect of cardiovascular disorders associated with T2DM is the condition in which T2DM leads to increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity -see Figure 1. Therefore, although exercise is known as a valid, effective, non-expensive, and side-effect-free modality in the management and treatment of T2DM, patients feel more effort, difficulty, and trouble during exercise, and this may lead to the unwillingness of these patients to exercise and show poor adherence to exercise (Doneddu et al, 2020). In support of this claim, our studies show that during exercise, SNS tone dramatically increased in patients with T2DM, which results in elevated vasoconstriction, which means these patients have limited vasodilatory capacity (Roberto et al, 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Insights into Cerebrovascular Effects via Modal Analysis in Type 2 Diabetes and Dementia

Arora,

Zhao,

Cheung

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dementia, characterized by cognitive decline beyond age-related expectations, poses a formidable global health challenge. With an estimated 55 million individuals affected worldwide and 10 million new cases annually, dementia profoundly impacts memory, comprehension, language, and behavior. Then, the global diabetes population increased from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014, with a more rapid rise in prevalence observed in low- and middle-income countries compared to high-income countries. Individuals with diabetes have an increased risk of cognitive problems, including a higher likelihood of developing dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia, especially in older age. Managing diabetes through diet, physical activity, medication, and consistent screening and treatment for complications can prevent or delay its consequences.Globally ranking as the seventh leading cause of death, dementia's societal implications are substantial. The chapter delves into Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), a precursor to dementia, emphasizing its global epidemiological trends. Neuroimaging, particularly Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), emerges as a non-invasive diagnostic tool, surpassing traditional imaging methods' portability. The chapter investigates the effects of non-invasive electrical stimulation on neurovascular tissues, shedding light on its impact including potential to address metaboreflex related reduced exercise tolerance. Furthermore, the chapter presents a clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04626453 and NCT04812288) examining the effects of a 2-month exercise program on cognitive function and muscular oxidative capacity in older adults with type 2 diabetes. The study's design, individualized exercise regimens to address muscle mechanoreflex and metaboreflex responses, and their physiological changes during exercise are discussed, offering insights into the interplay between exercise tolerance, cognition, and vascular health. The findings contribute to tailored and effective interventions for cognitive well-being. Here, our exploration extends to the application of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) in optimizing exercise performance, with a focus on its various forms, including transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). A physiological modeling approach based on the neurovascular unit (NVU) is employed, revealing potential avenues for also treating vascular dementia (often noted to have a strong association with type 2 diabetes) through tACS, guided by human-in-the-loop approaches. Here, modal analysis for control is applied to assess the NVU model's characteristic dynamics under tACS, providing a comprehensive understanding of neurovascular coupling modes.In summary, this chapter synthesizes diverse facets in type 2 diabetes comorbidity and cognitive decline, ranging from global impact and diagnostic criteria to innovative interventions like exercise and transcranial electrical stimulation. The multidisciplinary approach integrates epidemiology, clinical trials, and physiological modeling, contributing valuable insights into the holistic management of cognitive health and neurovascular function.

show abstract

Effect of Combined Mental Task and Metaboreflex Activation on Hemodynamics and Cerebral Oxygenation in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome

Cited by 8 publications

References 71 publications

Altered Autonomic Function in Metabolic Syndrome: Interactive Effects of Multiple Components

Altered Autonomic Function in Metabolic Syndrome: Interactive Effects of Multiple Components

Affective Variables and Cognitive Performances During Exercise in a Group of Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Mechanistic Insights into Cerebrovascular Effects via Modal Analysis in Type 2 Diabetes and Dementia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About