Effect of combination of taurine and azelaic acid on antimelanogenesis in murine melanoma cells

Yu, Ji Sun; Kim, An Keun

doi:10.1186/1423-0127-17-s1-s45

Cited by 45 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The significant elevation in Tau concentration was observed in the urine of bladder cancer patients (24). Currently, it is thought that the anti-cancer effect of Tau is mainly through four molecular mechanisms: First, Tau has an efficacy-enhancing and toxicity-reducing effect on chemotherapy drugs (25)(26)(27)(28). Second, Tau inhibits cancer growth by improving the antioxidant capacity in vivo (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taurine induces the apoptosis of breast cancer cells by regulating apoptosis-related proteins of mitochondria

Zhang

Lü

Wang

et al. 2014

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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Abstract. Taurine (Tau), the most abundant free amino acid in humans has numerous potential health benefits through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, limited studies have assessed its effect on tumors and the antitumor mechanism remains unknown. The present study investigated the cellular and molecular changes induced by Tau, leading to the induction of apoptosis in human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. MCF-7 is p53 proficient (p53 +/+ ) and MDA-MB-231 is a p53 null mutant (p53 -/-). Cell proliferation and viability were assessed by MTT. Flow cytometry and hoechst33342 fluorescent staining were employed to detect apoptosis. Spectrophotometry was used to detect caspase-3 activity. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to detect the levels of mRNA and proteins of p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA), Bax and Bcl-2. Finally, the affect of Tau on the growth of MDA-MB-231-cell-nude mice xenografts was examined. In the study, Tau inhibited growth and induced apoptosis of the two cell lines in a concentration-and time-dependent manner. Notably, the inhibitory effect of Tau on p53 -/-cancer cells was clearly significant compared to the p53 +/+ cancer cells. Further studies showed that Tau promoted apoptosis in human breast cancer cells and inhibited the growth of tumor in nude mice by inducing the expression of PUMA, which further up-and downregulated the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 protein, giving rise to increased activation of caspase-3. Collectively, these results indicate that Tau is a potent candidate for the chemotherapy of breast cancer through increasing the PUMA expression independent of p53 status. IntroductionIn recent years, cancer has become the leading cause of mortality, and it is detrimental to health and quality of life. Environmental chemical carcinogens have been estimated to contribute significantly to the causation of a sizable fraction, perhaps a majority, of human cancers, when exposures are correlated to 'life-style' factors, such as diet (1). Therefore, the anticancer substances in the diet have become of current interest in research for cancer prevention.Tau, chemically identified as 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, is a sulfur-containing amino acid of a simple chemical structure. Tau accounts for ~0.1% of total human body weight and exists in a free-state in all the organs. However, the ability of endogenous Tau synthesis is limited. A large number of studies and clinical applications demonstrated that Tau has extensive physiological effects, and has been identified to be the endogenous anti-injury material. Recently, Tau has been used to in the therapy of diseases, including liver and gallbladder disease (2), cardiovascular disease (3), diabetes (4,5) and cataract (6,7). However, studies on its effect on tumors remains limited and the mechanism of its antitumor ability is ambiguous. Tau has been reported to protect cells from oxidant-induced injury by scavenging strong oxidant and cytotoxic agents (8). ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taurine induces the apoptosis of breast cancer cells by regulating apoptosis-related proteins of mitochondria

Zhang

Lü

Wang

et al. 2014

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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“…A previous study also demonstrated antitumor properties of Tau (9). Furthermore, the addition of a certain amount of Tau to drinking water has been shown to extend the mean lifespan of mice with transplanted tumors, with a tumor growth inhibition rate of 42.26% (10). Additionally, serum Tau levels in patients with breast cancer have been found to be significantly lower compared with those in high-risk and control groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of taurine on the proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells

Zhang

Luo

et al. 2015

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to observe the effect and molecular mechanism of taurine (Tau) on the cell proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HHCC) HepG2 cells. HHCC HepG2 cells were used as target cells, and the cell survival rate was assessed using a multi-time-step method. The p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) gene was transiently transfected by lipofection and subsequently silenced with specific small interfering (si)RNA. The cell apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry, and protein expression levels were analyzed with western blotting. Addition of 20-160 mM Tau was shown to have a significant inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, while promoting the induction of HHCC HepG2 cell apoptosis (P<0.05). Transfection of the PUMA gene significantly enhanced the ability of Tau to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells. In addition, transfection of the PUMA gene increased the protein expression of B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X and reduced the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (P<0.05). Silencing the PUMA gene with specific siRNA was demonstrated to significantly reduce the ability of Tau to inhibit proliferation and induce the apoptosis of HHCC HepG2 cells (P<0.01). Therefore, the PUMA gene was shown to have an important role in mechanism underlying the effect that Tau exerts on cell proliferation and apoptosis in HHCC HepG2 cells.

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“…Further, in contrast with the strategy of delivering multiple drugs simultaneously to enhance their therapeutic effect, 52 the use of a hybrid system releasing drugs sequentially may avoid delivery of excessive doses and side effects can be reduced. In the present study, as the dosage for each time of all the drug-treated groups is the same as 0.2 mg, which is not a sufficiently high dosage to induce obvious side effects in a short period, the advantage of the sequential release of salidroside and paeonol in decreasing the side effects and toxicity of drugs may be not indicated obviously by the results presented in this study However, the strategy of sequential drug release is thought to be a very useful method for decreasing the doses of individual drugs and avoiding the toxicity seen when they are used at high doses and/or for a long period of time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential release of salidroside and paeonol from a nanosphere-hydrogel system inhibits ultraviolet B-induced melanogenesis in guinea pig skin

Peng¹,

Xu²,

Shan³

et al. 2014

IJN

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Melanin is the one of most important pigments for skin color in mammals. Excessive biosynthesis of melanin induces various pigment disorders. Much effort has been made to develop regulators to minimize skin pigmentation abnormalities. However, only a few of them are used, primarily because of safety concerns and low efficiency. In this study, we aimed to construct a novel nanosphere-gel for sequential delivery of salidroside and paeonol, to investigate the synergistic effects of these drugs in anti-melanogenesis, and to decrease their potential for toxicity in high dosage. Nanospheres were prepared and characterized for their particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and morphological properties. The optimized nanospheres were incorporated in carbomer hydrogel with both paeonol and salidroside entrapped to form a dual drug-releasing nanosphere-gel. With this nanosphere-gel, rapid release of salidroside from the hydrogel followed by sustained release of paeonol from the nanosphere was achieved. Using a classical model of the melanogenesis response to ultraviolet exposure, it was shown that the anti-melanogenesis effects of the dual drug-releasing system, in which the doses of the individual drugs were decreased by half, was obviously enhanced when compared with the effects of the single drug preparations. Mechanistically, the burst release of salidroside from the hydrogel may enable prompt suppression of melanocyte proliferation on exposure to ultraviolet B radiation, while the paeonol released in a sustained manner can provide continuous inhibition of tyrosinase activity in melanocytes. Combined delivery of salidroside and paeonol was demonstrated to be a promising strategy for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of these agents in anti-melanogenesis and reducing their toxicity, so may have great potential in nanomedicine.

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Effect of combination of taurine and azelaic acid on antimelanogenesis in murine melanoma cells

Cited by 45 publications

References 26 publications

Taurine induces the apoptosis of breast cancer cells by regulating apoptosis-related proteins of mitochondria

Taurine induces the apoptosis of breast cancer cells by regulating apoptosis-related proteins of mitochondria

Effect of taurine on the proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells

Sequential release of salidroside and paeonol from a nanosphere-hydrogel system inhibits ultraviolet B-induced melanogenesis in guinea pig skin

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