Effect of CO2 enrichment on competition between Skeletonema costatum and Heterosigma akashiwo

Da, Xu; Zhou, Bin; Wang, You; Ju, Qing; Yu, Qingyun; Tang, Xuexi

doi:10.1007/s00343-010-9071-9

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…, Xu et al. ) to suggest that H. akashiwo uses an allelopathic compound to establish population dominance over Skeletonema species. In these studies, the initial cell densities were found to be a critical factor in the establishment of population dominance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of salinity on the cellular permeability and cytotoxicity of Heterosigma akashiwo

Ikeda

Cochlan

Bronicheski

et al. 2016

Journal of Phycology

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A laboratory study using the fish-killing raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo was conducted to examine its capability to grow at salinities below oceanic, and to test the perceived relationship between reduced salinities and increased cytotoxicity. A nonaxenic strain of H. akashiwo isolated from the U.S. Pacific Northwest was exposed to a combination of three salinity (32, 20, and 10) and five temperature (14.7°C, 18.4°C, 21.4°C, 24.4°C and 27.8°C) conditions. Our results demonstrate that cell permeability and cytotoxicity are strongly correlated in unialgal cultures of H. akashiwo, which both increased as salinity decreased from 32 to 10. Furthermore, over a broad median range of salinities (10 and 20), neither temperature nor specific growth rate was correlated with cytotoxicity. However, in cultures grown at the salinity of 32, both temperature and specific growth rate were inversely proportional to toxicity; this relationship was likely due to the effect of contamination by an unidentified species of Skeletonema in those cultures. The presence of Skeletonema sp. resulted in a cytotoxic response from H. akashiwo that was greater than the response caused by salinity alone. These laboratory results reveal the capability of H. akashiwo to become more toxic not only at reduced salinities but also in competition with another algal species. Changes in cell permeability in response to salinity may be an acclimation mechanism by which H. akashiwo is able to respond rapidly to different salinities. Furthermore, due to its strong positive correlation with cytotoxicity, cellular permeability is potentially associated with the ichthyotoxic pathway of this raphytophyte.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of salinity on the cellular permeability and cytotoxicity of Heterosigma akashiwo

Ikeda

Cochlan

Bronicheski

et al. 2016

Journal of Phycology

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“…In terms of red tide species, it has been reported that CO 2 enrichment increases the maximum population density and carrying capacity of the raphidophyte alga Heterosigma akashiwo but decreases these parameters for S. costatum (Zheng et al., 2016). Furthermore, growth of P. donghaiense is accelerated more strongly than the diatom Conticribra weissflogii by simultaneous acidification and eutrophication (Xu et al., 2010). These findings indicate that flagellate algae may be more adaptable to increased acidification and eutrophication than diatoms, which can explain the slower decrease in dinoflagellate red tides in frequency compared to diatom red tides shown in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shift in algal blooms from micro‐ to macroalgae around China with increasing eutrophication and climate change

Feng,

Xiong,

Hall‐Spencer

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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Blooms of microalgal red tides and macroalgae (e.g., green and golden tides caused by Ulva and Sargassum) have caused widespread problems around China in recent years, but there is uncertainty around what triggers these blooms and how they interact. Here, we use 30 years of monitoring data to help answer these questions, focusing on the four main species of microalgae Prorocentrum donghaiense, Karenia mikimotoi, Noctiluca scintillans, and Skeletonema costatum) associated with red tides in the region. The frequency of red tides increased from 1991 to 2003 and then decreased until 2020, with S. costatum red tides exhibiting the highest rate of decrease. Green tides started to occur around China in 1999 and the frequency of green tides has since been on the increase. Golden tides were first reported to occur around China in 2012. The frequency of macroalgal blooms has a negative linear relationship with the frequency and coverage of red tides around China, and a positive correlation with total nitrogen and phosphorus loads as well as with atmospheric CO2 and sea surface temperature (SST). Increased outbreaks of macroalgal blooms are very likely due to worsening levels of eutrophication, combined with rising CO2 and SST, which contribute to the reduced frequency of red tides. The increasing grazing rate of microzooplankton also results in the decline in areas affected by red tides. This study shows a clear shift of algal blooms from microalgae to macroalgae around China over the past 30 years driven by the combination of eutrophication, climate change, and grazing stress, indicating a fundamental change in coastal systems in the region.

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“…Second, we excluded studies that did not report information necessary for the Hedges' d calculations (i.e., means, variances, and sample sizes) as described below. Third, studies explicitly manipulating algal competition responses were excluded since the outcomes tended to focus more on competition effects rather than CO 2 effects (e.g., Xu et al ); however, if these studies reported separate experiments on responses to elevated CO 2 without competition, these were included in our meta‐analysis (e.g., figs. 3a–c in Low‐Decarie et al ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong effects of elevated CO₂ on freshwater microalgae and ecosystem chemistry

Brown

Lajeunesse

Scott

2019

Limnology & Oceanography

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The carbonate chemistry of freshwater systems can range from inorganic carbon‐limited to supersaturated with respect to the atmosphere, and the pH of these systems can vary temporally and spatially from alkaline to acidic. Determining how these heterogeneous systems respond to increases in atmospheric CO2 is critical to understanding global impacts of these changes. Here, we synthesize 22 studies from a variety of systems to explore the effects of elevated CO2 on freshwater chemistry and microalgae, which form the base of autotrophic food webs. Across the variability in freshwater systems, elevated CO2 significantly affected water chemistry by decreasing pH and increasing dissolved inorganic carbon. Microalgae were also affected by elevated CO2 with measured increases in (1) nutrient acquisition through microalgal carbon‐to‐nutrient ratios, (2) photosynthetic activity, and (3) growth. While these effects were measured from controlled experiments, the results indicate a wide range of potential freshwater ecosystem effects from elevated atmospheric CO2. Our synthesis also identified several knowledge gaps. Generally, larger sample sizes and studies of longer duration are needed for more robust analyses and conclusions. Additionally, more field experiments across a range of freshwater ecosystem types and studies involving benthic species and multiple trophic levels are needed to strengthen global predictions across the broad variability found within and among freshwater systems.

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Effect of CO2 enrichment on competition between Skeletonema costatum and Heterosigma akashiwo

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

The effects of salinity on the cellular permeability and cytotoxicity of Heterosigma akashiwo

The effects of salinity on the cellular permeability and cytotoxicity of Heterosigma akashiwo

Shift in algal blooms from micro‐ to macroalgae around China with increasing eutrophication and climate change

Strong effects of elevated CO₂ on freshwater microalgae and ecosystem chemistry

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Effect of CO2 enrichment on competition between Skeletonema costatum and Heterosigma akashiwo

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

The effects of salinity on the cellular permeability and cytotoxicity of Heterosigma akashiwo

The effects of salinity on the cellular permeability and cytotoxicity of Heterosigma akashiwo

Shift in algal blooms from micro‐ to macroalgae around China with increasing eutrophication and climate change

Strong effects of elevated CO2 on freshwater microalgae and ecosystem chemistry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Strong effects of elevated CO₂ on freshwater microalgae and ecosystem chemistry