Effect of Climatic Variation on Yield of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) at Different Dates of Sowing

Abstract

Although experiments have previously been carried out to determine the optimum sowing time of sesame, very few attempts have been made to determine the effects of macro and micro climatic variation on yield. Thus a field experiment was conducted at the University Research Farm, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, India on an Entisol (alluvial, sandy loam) in the summer seasons of 1996 and 1997 to assess the effects of macro and micro climatic variations on yield of sesame for various dates of sowing. The number of seeds per capsule of sesame was highest in the crop sown on 19 February, although up to the 18 April sowing there was no significant variation. There was no appreciable variation in thousand‐seed weight with date of sowing. Crops sown on 19 February and 1 March produced statistically similar yields. The average reduction in yield of sesame was 78.5 and 213 %, respectively, for crops sown on 10 February and 28 April, compared with the crop sown on 19 February. The cultivar Rama produced higher yields than B‐67 and Kanke‐1. Ambient temperature above 30 °C up to 100 % flowering had a direct positive effect on sesame yield. Crop exposure to 60–70, 70–80 and 80 % relative humidity up to 100 % flowering had a direct negative effect. Temperature profile at 50 days after emergence (DAE), relative humidity at 60 DAE, and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) at 30 and 40 DAE within the crop canopy had direct positive effects on yield. Regression models suggested that temperature profile and PAR within the crop canopy produced 72 and 35 % variation in yield, respectively.

Geographical Patterns of Sesame Accessions Grown Under Mediterranean Environmental Conditions, and Establishment of a Core Collection

“…Diff erences were evident among accessions with respect to 1000-seed weight, which was expected because of the diverse origins of the accessions. However, this trait did not have variability as wide as reported in some studies (Nath et al, 2001;Ahmad et al, 2007) because variation for 1000-seed weight characteristic in sesame was relatively narrow (generally 2-4 g) and less sensitive to environmental fl uctuations than the other yield components (Ashri, 2007). Akdeniz Collection of Sesame 38 and ACS 141 (from China and South Korea, respectively) had the smallest 1000-seed weight (1.1 g).…”

Drip Irrigation Frequency: The Effects and Their Interaction with Nitrogen Fertilization on Sandy Soil Water Distribution, Maize Yield and Water Use Efficiency Under Egyptian Conditions

“…Due to the differences in soil water potential and soil water distribution with depth, grain yield and WUE might differ when the same quantity of water is applied under different irrigation frequencies. Therefore, it is essential to develop the most suitable irrigation schedule for different ecological regions, especially as plant water consumption during plant growth depends mostly on soil and climatic conditions (Nath et al. 2001).…”

The Adoption of Temperate Selected Sesame Accessions in the Tropics: Selected for Japan and Grown in Ghana

“…Cultivars to be adopted should be selected based on the local climate, resistance to local pests, and intended use (Sheahan, 2014). Although there is ample evidence indicating that sesame yield depends on the interaction of different climatic parameters such as solar radiation, temperature and humidity (Beech, 1985;Nath et al, 2001) we still had the chance to grow temperate selected sesame cultivars in a tropical area to evaluate its adaptability and yield potential.…”