Effect of Climatic Variables on Abundance and Dispersal of<i>Lecanosticta acicola</i>Spores and Their Impact on Defoliation on Eastern White Pine

Wyka, Stephen; McIntire, Cameron D.; Smith, Cheryl; Munck, Isabel A.; Rock, B. N.; Asbjornsen, Heidi; Broders, Kirk

doi:10.1094/phyto-02-17-0065-r

Cited by 22 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In Wisconsin, two peaks of conidial release were recorded, with the first peak in early summer when young pine needles are present and the second in late summer (Skilling and Nicholls, ), which was similar to that found in the northeastern USA (Wyka et al . ). In Japan, it was found that conidia were produced by the pathogen from early spring to autumn with peak dispersal in mid‐summer.…”

Section: Biology and Disseminationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Conidia and ascospores are released throughout the year at temperatures ranging from -5.5 to 28 °C (Kais, 1971;Siggers, 1944;Wyka et al, 2018). However, warm and wet weather is particularly conducive for the development of BSNB, irrespec tive of whether infection takes place by sexual or asexual spores.…”

Section: B I O Log Y a N D D I Ss E M I N At I O Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B I O Log Y a N D D I Ss E M I N At I O Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spore traps in several studies failed to capture ascospores (Kais, 1971;Siggers, 1939;Wyka et al, 2018). It was found, however, that conidia could be dispersed to a distance of up to 60 m (Wyka et al 2018). A recent investigation of the dispersal of Dothistroma, where the mechanisms of conidial and ascospore dispersal are similar to those in L. acicola, showed that conidia could be naturally disseminated over more than 1 km .…”

Section: B I O Log Y a N D D I Ss E M I N At I O Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lecanosticta acicola: A growing threat to expanding global pine forests and plantations

Nest

Wingfield

Janoušek

et al. 2019

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Summary Lecanosticta acicola causes brown spot needle blight (BSNB) of Pinus species. The pathogen occurs mostly in the Northern Hemisphere but has also been reported in Central America and Colombia. BSNB can lead to stunted growth and tree mortality, and has resulted in severe damage to pine plantations in the past. There have been increasingly frequent new reports of this pathogen in Europe and in North America during the course of the past 10 years. This is despite the fact that quarantine practices and eradication protocols are in place to prevent its spread. Taxonomy Kingdom Fungi; Phylum Ascomycota; Subphylum Pezizomycotina; Class Dothideomycetes; Subclass Dothideomycetidae; Order Capniodales; Family Mycosphaerellaceae; Genus Lecanosticta. Host range and distribution Lecanosticta spp. occur on various Pinus species and are found in North America, Central America, South America (Colombia), Europe as well as Asia. Disease symptoms Small yellow irregular spots appear on the infected pine needles that become brown over time. They can be surrounded by a yellow halo. These characteristic brown spots develop to form narrow brown bands that result in needle death from the tips down to the point of infection. Needles are prematurely shed, leaving bare branches with tufts of new needles at the branch tips. Infection is usually most severe in the lower parts of the trees and progresses upwards into the canopies. Useful websites The EPPO global database providing information on L. acicola (https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/SCIRAC) Reference genome of L. acicola available on GenBank (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Lecanosticta+acicola) JGI Gold Genome database information sheet of L. acicola sequenced genome (https://gold.jgi.doe.gov/organism?xml:id=Go0047147)

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Section: Biology and Disseminationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: B I O Log Y a N D D I Ss E M I N At I O Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B I O Log Y a N D D I Ss E M I N At I O Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B I O Log Y a N D D I Ss E M I N At I O Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Lecanosticta acicola: A growing threat to expanding global pine forests and plantations

Nest

Wingfield

Janoušek

et al. 2019

Molecular Plant Pathology

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“…The recent establishment of this pathogen in southern Sweden may also pose a serious risk for Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris ) which has large economic importance for the forest sector in Sweden. Dispersal of L. acicola is strongly influenced by climate where the frequency (rather than amount) of rainfall seems to be of primary importance (Wyka et al, ), and where relative humidity and temperature affect spore abundance. Such conditions are conducive for the establishment of this pathogen not only in Estonia, but also in southern Sweden.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report of Lecanosticta acicola on non‐native Pinus mugo in southern Sweden

et al. 2019

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In 2017, severe symptoms of brown spot needle blight, similar to those caused by Lecanosticta acicola, were observed on needles of non‐native Pinus mugo var. Hesse planted in an arboretum in southern Sweden. Microscopic characterization and molecular diagnostics of isolates obtained from diseased needles confirmed the identity of L. acicola. This is the first report of the quarantine pathogen L. acicola in Sweden. Subsequent surveys are urgently needed to assess the presence and extent of the L. acicola invasion in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stands in Sweden and other Scandinavian countries.

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Pathogen-induced defoliation impacts on transpiration, leaf gas exchange, and non-structural carbohydrate allocation in eastern white pine (Pinus strobus)

McIntire

Huggett

Dunn

et al. 2020

Trees

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Key message Pathogen-induced defoliation resulted in a reduction in transpiration, an upregulation of photosynthesis in the early growing season, and no change in NSC reserves across stem, root, and foliar tissues. Abstract The defoliation of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) by native fungi associated with white pine needle damage (WPND) can substantially reduce foliar area for much of the growing season in the northeastern United States. Chronic defoliations in the region are known to have slowed growth rates in symptomatic stands, but the physiological impacts of WPND as it relates to tree water use and carbon assimilation are largely unresolved. We investigated how the severity of WPND defoliation influences transpiration throughout the course of a growing season. We also assessed leaf-level gas exchange between defoliation severity classes and needle age over time. Finally, we compared concentrations of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) between defoliation severity classes in five different tissue types over time. We found that trees experiencing a high-severity defoliation had 20% lower sap flux density compared to low-severity individuals. We found that rates of photosynthesis were significantly influenced by the needle age class and time of year, while instantaneous water use efficiency was higher across all needle age classes late in the growing season. Our findings suggest that the residual current-year foliage of high-severity defoliated trees compensated for the loss of mature second-and third-year foliage in the early portion of the growing season. This study found that soluble sugars and starch varied significantly over time and by tissue type, but defoliation severity had little effect on NSC concentrations. Together with reduced basal area increment in high-severity trees relative to low-severity trees, this indicates that WPND-affected trees are prioritizing NSC storage over secondary growth.

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Effect of Climatic Variables on Abundance and Dispersal ofLecanosticta acicolaSpores and Their Impact on Defoliation on Eastern White Pine

Cited by 22 publications

References 27 publications

Lecanosticta acicola: A growing threat to expanding global pine forests and plantations

Lecanosticta acicola: A growing threat to expanding global pine forests and plantations

First report of Lecanosticta acicola on non‐native Pinus mugo in southern Sweden

Pathogen-induced defoliation impacts on transpiration, leaf gas exchange, and non-structural carbohydrate allocation in eastern white pine (Pinus strobus)

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