Effect of climate variation on the yield of cowpea  (Vigna unguiculata)

Mohammed, Ibrahim; Alawa, David Adie; Mshelia, J. S.; Betiang, John Adie; Azu, Sunday B.; Stephanie, S. Bishi-Unung

doi:10.5897/ajar2020.14960

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…Temperature stress causes alteration in physiological processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, and lipid accumulation. e solubility of oxygen is decreased more than CO 2 in high temperatures and causes an increase in photorespiration and lowers the photosynthetic rate [20,21]. Furthermore, an increased frequency of temperature stress can disrupt the physiological processes of plants resulting in photosynthetic inhibition, reduced nitrogen anabolism, higher protein catabolism, and accumulation of the end products of lipid peroxidation [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acclimation of Ecophysiological and Agronomic Traits to Increasing Growth Temperature in Three Cowpea Genotypes Grown in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka

Wijayaraja

Piyarathne

Alahakoon

et al. 2022

International Journal of Agronomy

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The future of food crop production is uncertain due to the negative effects of global warming. Cowpea is grown in warm environments including in Sri Lanka, where less is known about the potential acclimation of ecophysiological and agronomic traits to increasing temperatures. We evaluated the acclimation potential of yield components and ecophysiological traits of three recommended cowpea genotypes to the seasonal variation in growth temperature in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. This study was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, in two consecutive seasons with average daytime temperatures of 30.4°C and 33.2°C. Three genotypes, Dhawala, Waruni, and MI-35, were tested in this study, and their rates of leaf photosynthesis and respiration at the 50% flowering stage and final yield parameters were measured at their respective average growth temperatures in both seasons. The total yield per hectare showed an average decrease of 16%, 17%, and 22% in the Dhawala, Waruni, and MI-35 genotypes at high average growth temperature, respectively. These reductions were associated with the reduction in the number of seeds per pod, hundred seed weight, and number of pods per plant, suggesting that there could be an among-genotype variation in flower abscission, fertilization, and biomass partitioning during the season in which the average growth temperature was high. In the season with high average growth temperature, genotype Dhawala showed an increased carbon gain per unit carbon loss and increased water use efficiency compared to MI-35 and Waruni genotypes. Therefore, genotype Dhawala is a better candidate than MI-35 and Waruni genotypes in the face of global warming, which may be considered in further breeding programs and market preferences. More work is proposed to examine the patterns of biomass partitioning and radiation use efficiency in three cowpea genotypes at elevated temperatures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acclimation of Ecophysiological and Agronomic Traits to Increasing Growth Temperature in Three Cowpea Genotypes Grown in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka

Wijayaraja

Piyarathne

Alahakoon

et al. 2022

International Journal of Agronomy

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Influence of air humidity on variability of morphological features of <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> (L.) Walp. in artificial conditions

Крылова

Хлесткина

Burlyaeva

2022

Ecological genetics

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Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) is a species widely cultivated in southern countries, it occupies the third place in the world in terms of cultivation area among leguminous crops. Cowpea is distinguished by its resistance to drought and infertile lands, productivity, nutritional value and excellent culinary qualities of pods and seeds. In recent years interest in vegetable varieties of cowpea has increased in Russia. It is necessary the creation of new varieties that adapted to cultivation in different regions and suitable for mechanized cultivation. The type of stem growth habit is one of important signs in the selection of modern cowpea varieties. Knowledge of variability and stability of this feature and its interrelationships with other morphological features is necessary for the effective implementation of culture breeding programs. 4 cowpea samples with different growth types were the material in this study. The plants were grown in contrast air humidity conditions at 60% and 90%. At total 14 morphological features were analyzed in 110 plants. The analysis revealed the significant influence of air humidity on the variability of the length and width of the first leaf. It was shown influence of humidity on the ability of plants to form a climbing shoot. The variability of length of the second internode, the pod length and the width of the middle leaflet was depended on the individual characteristics of the genotype. The variation in plant length was due to a complex of factors and it was interrelated with growth conditions and genotypic characteristics. In addition, an unidentifiable effect of air humidity on the growth habit type of different samples was revealed.

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Seed Phenotyping and Genetic Diversity Assessment of Cowpea (V. unguiculata) Germplasm Collection

2023

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Cowpea is a nutrient-rich staple legume and climate-resilient crop for vulnerable agroecosystems. However, the crop still remains underutilized, mainly due to its narrow genetic base, and the production is often ravaged by aphid infestation outbreaks. Thus, genetic diversity assessment and the detection of defense-related alleles are fundamental to germplasm management and utilization in breeding strategies to support food safety in climate change times. A germplasm collection of 87 cowpea landraces sourced from Greece was subjected to seed phenotyping, SSR genotyping and to screening for the presence of aphid-resistance-conferring alleles. Significant diversity in the species’ local germplasm was revealed. The landraces were grouped in metapopulations based on their broader geographical origin. High amounts of variation and statistically significant differences were detected among the landraces regarding the seed morphological traits, the seed color and eye color according to MANOVA (Wilk’s λ = 0.2, p < 0.01) and significant correlations were revealed among these features according to Pearson’s test (p < 0.05). High levels of genetic polymorphism were detected for the metapopulations, ranging from 59% (VuPop3) to 82% (VuPop4). The AMOVA revealed that 93% of the molecular diversity was distributed among the landraces of each metapopulation. Further population structure analysis presumed the existence of two inferred populations, where in population A, 79% of the landraces have a cream/cream-brown seed coat, whereas in population B, 94% of the landraces are brown-ochre to black-seeded. Molecular screening for alleles conferring aphid resistance revealed the correspondence of 12 landraces to the resistant genotype of TVu-2876. The study highlights the importance of cowpea germplasm collection genetic diversity, as a source of important agronomic traits, to support breeding efforts and expand cowpea cultivation to foster food security and agriculture sustainability and diversification in climate change.

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Effect of climate variation on the yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

Acclimation of Ecophysiological and Agronomic Traits to Increasing Growth Temperature in Three Cowpea Genotypes Grown in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka

Acclimation of Ecophysiological and Agronomic Traits to Increasing Growth Temperature in Three Cowpea Genotypes Grown in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka

Influence of air humidity on variability of morphological features of <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> (L.) Walp. in artificial conditions

Seed Phenotyping and Genetic Diversity Assessment of Cowpea (V. unguiculata) Germplasm Collection

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