Effect of city shape on urban wind patterns and convective heat transfer in calm and stable background conditions

Fan, Yifan; Wang, Qun; Yin, Shi; Li, Yuguo

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106288

Cited by 39 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Flow characteristics above the urban area by WRF‐LES match well with those in the water tank experiment (also see Figures 3–5 in Fan et al. [2019]), demonstrating the capacity of simulations in reproducing the urban‐rural circulation over cities of various shapes. All three cases have convergent inflow at the low level, upward flow over the urban center at the intermediate level, and divergent outflow at the high level.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 66%

“…The results of WRF‐LES simulations in this study are compared against water tank experiments reported in Fan et al. (2019), as detailed in Section 2.2. For consistency with the experimental setup, we maintained a similar city‐to‐domain ratio, that is, city size was set to be 1/6 of the simulation domain in horizontal dimensions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The WRF‐LES simulations were compared against the measured flow patterns in water tank experiments by Fan et al. (2019). Due to lack of experimental data, only simulation results over homogenous surfaces (i.e., inland regions) were validated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relationship between city shape and urban rainfall is essential for sustainable and resilient city planning under climate change, especially for those undergoing expansion. Limited work has been done, and one pioneering work adopted water tank‐based physical model to study the city shape influence on wind flow and convective heat transfer (Fan et al., 2019). It is postulated that the modified atmospheric convergence locales, due to city shape, can interact with moist convection and microphysical processes, and yet the effect of city shape on rainfall has not been examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of City Shape on Rainfall in Inland and Coastal Environments

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2022

Earth's Future

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Spatiotemporal distribution of global rainfall has changed significantly in response to anthropogenic modifications of the natural environment (Marvel & Bonfils, 2013). Record-breaking rainfall events have been increasingly observed during the past decades (Lehmann et al., 2015), with even more frequent intense rainfall expected under a warming globe in the future (Min et al., 2011;Moustakis et al., 2021). Cities are particularly vulnerable to heavy rainfall because the expansion of impervious materials increases runoff volumes and subsequently elevates flood risk within urban areas (L. Yang, Smith, & Niyogi, 2019). Additionally, by modifying land surface energy and moisture balances, cities themselves have notable impacts on regional rainfall through land-atmosphere interactions. A meta-analysis concluded that urbanization enhances mean rainfall by 18% downwind of the city and by 16% over the city (Liu & Niyogi, 2019). The urban-induced rainfall anomalies could substantially increase urban flood risks (Huong & Pathirana, 2013;L. Yang, Smith, & Niyogi, 2019). As global urbanization trend will continue in the foreseeable future, it is imperative to understand urban rainfall modification so as to develop effective adaptation strategies for urban flood risks (Hemmati et al., 2020).

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of City Shape on Rainfall in Inland and Coastal Environments

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2022

Earth's Future

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“…However, the issue is still not fully explored, particularly on its spatial scale [16,17], usefulness in different climatic zones [18], irrigation and evapotranspiration aspects [19], which need further investigation. The macro effect might also be reached by green roofs [20], treatment of asphalt or concrete surfaces with the high albedo coating [21] and appropriate urban design: space management [22] and air paths [23]. However green solutions are preferred because of the re-radiation of the sun on pedestrians in the case of high albedo solutions [24].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Green Structure for Outdoor Places in Dry, Hot Regions and Seasons—Providing Human Thermal Comfort in Sustainable Cities

et al. 2020

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Hot and dry climate and air pollution is a growing problem in urban areas, and this can have an adverse impact on life and health of urban residents. One of the ways to protect people from this hazard is the use of urban green or street greenery. However, its implementation can be problematic in highly urbanized areas. This paper presents a concept of the green structure (GS), designed, and is still being developed, by Adam Kalinowski where cooling efficiency is based on the synergy of shade and evapotranspiration. The GS that could be used as street furniture, small architecture form or a public utility structure intended to protect people and objects from an adverse urban environment, at the same time providing pleasant and healthy microclimate inside. The pilot project-the first application of the GS in the urban environment-is presented and the results of short-term measurements of temperature and humidity are provided and analyzed. Moreover, a simple dynamic simulation of the GS performance in courtyards has been conducted. The obtained results show the decrease of the perceived temperature within this structure. Depending on climate type, an average potential reduction of Universal Thermal Comfort Index (UTCI) and mean radiant temperature (Tmrt), caused by the GS in a courtyard case study, is 5–8 °C and 17–29 °C, respectively. Performed simulation also confirms that TRNSYS software is an appropriate tool for simple outdoor microclimate analysis. Further research to develop this concept, increase its performance and customize it for different applications are proposed.

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Urban surface classification using semi-supervised domain adaptive deep learning models and its application in urban environment studies

Ding,

Fan,

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Effect of city shape on urban wind patterns and convective heat transfer in calm and stable background conditions

Cited by 39 publications

References 72 publications

Impacts of City Shape on Rainfall in Inland and Coastal Environments

Impacts of City Shape on Rainfall in Inland and Coastal Environments

The Green Structure for Outdoor Places in Dry, Hot Regions and Seasons—Providing Human Thermal Comfort in Sustainable Cities

Urban surface classification using semi-supervised domain adaptive deep learning models and its application in urban environment studies

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