Effect of cigarette smoking on pentane excretion in alveolar breath

Euler, David E.; Dave, Sandeep; Guo, Hongsheng

doi:10.1093/clinchem/42.2.303

Cited by 69 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…There is compelling evidence that breath isoprene is derived from a mechanism not involving oxidative stress however. Euler et al showed increased breath pentane but unchanged isoprene following smoking [24]. Mendis et al demonstrated an increase in breath isoprene, but not pentane, in patients experiencing acute myocardial infarction suggesting the increased isoprene was from some source other than increased oxidative stress [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Breath isoprene in patients with heart failure

Lawrence

Patrick

Silke

2001

European J of Heart Fail

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Ž. Background: Chronic heart failure CHF is characterised by increased vascular resistance. This increased after load on the left ventricle contributes to the vicious cycle that leads to progression of myocardial failure, multiple organ failure and death. There is evidence for increased oxidative stress in heart failure, which will influence the myocardium but also peripheral vasculature endothelium. Aims: The aim of the present study was to examine the production of isoprene, reputed to reflect oxidative stress, in patients with CHF compared to control subjects. Methods: Twelve patients with CHF and thirty-one healthy control subjects free from heart disease were studied. Breath was collected via a two-way non-re-breathing valve into a 60-l gas collection bag. A sample of ambient air was collected at the same time. A measured aliquot of patient breath and Ž . ambient air approx. 1.5 l was adsorbed onto a gas adsorption tube packed with poropak-Q. Isoprene was measured using GCrMS and the production rate calculated. All samples of breath were collected at 10.00 h after subjects had been sitting at rest for 15 min. Results: Breath isoprene production in subjects with CHF was significantly reduced compared to controls Ž . Ž . y1 y183 23 vs. 168 20 pmol min kg . Conclusion: Breath isoprene does not directly reflect oxidative stress in CHF.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Breath isoprene in patients with heart failure

Lawrence

Patrick

Silke

2001

European J of Heart Fail

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“…Considerable evidence demonstrates that adult smoking increases oxidative stress biomarkers such as breath pentane (48), plasma protein carbonyls (49), F2 isoprostanes (50) and increased vitamin E consumption through an oxidative stress pathway (51)(52)(53). It is likely that smoking induced intrauterine growth retardation and low birth weight (as well as other poor outcomes) are caused by multiple toxic factors in cigarette smoke but it is, nevertheless, important to know the degree to which oxidative stress plays a role.…”

Section: Maternal Smoking and Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pathophysiology of smoking during pregnancy a systems biology approach

2014

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This article focuses on a systems biology approach to studying the pathophysiology of cigarette smoking during pregnancy. Particular emphasis is given to the damaging role of oxidative stress. Cigarette smoking exerts multiple adverse affects but abundant evidence, mostly in adults, suggests that oxidative stress and free radical damage is a major pathophysiological factor. Smoking during pregnancy is known to contribute to numerous poor birth outcomes, such as low birth weight, preterm birth as well as life-long health and developmental problems. It is clinically important to know the separate contributions that cigarette derived-nicotine and smoking-induced free oxidative stress make to these poor outcomes. Surprisingly, the extent to which smoking dependent oxidative stress contributes to these poor outcomes is not well studied but the application of redox proteomics should be useful. Considerable biochemical evidence suggests that antioxidants, such as tocopherols and ascorbate, could be useful in minimizing oxidative stress induced pathology to the developing fetus in those women who, despite medical advice, continue to smoke. Nevertheless, this suggestion has yet to be tested in well-designed clinical studies.

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“…Biochemical processes at the epithelial level may release gaseous products, some of which can be detected in the exhaled breath. Investigators have sampled exhaled air for a variety of substances as markers of either airway inflammation or injury, including hydrogen peroxide (51), CO (52, isoprene (53), ethane (54), and pentane (55). The technology has been developed to measure concentrations of over 100 volatile chemicals in the exhaled breath, with potential applications in field studies of environmental exposures (56).…”

Section: Respiratory Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicologic Methods: Controlled Human Exposures

Utell¹,

Frampton²

2000

Environmental Health Perspectives

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The assessment of risk from exposure to environmental air pollutants is complex, and involves the disciplines of epidemiology, animal toxicology, and human inhalation studies. Controlled, quantitative studies of exposed humans help determine health-related effects that result from breathing the atmosphere. The major unique feature of the clinical study is the ability to select, control, and quantify pollutant exposures of subjects of known clinical status, and determine their effects under ideal experimental conditions. The choice of outcomes to be assessed in human clinical studies can be guided by both scientific and practical considerations, but the diversity of human responses and responsiveness must be considered. Subjects considered to be among the most susceptible include those with asthma, chronic obstructive lung disease, and cardiovascular disease. New experimental approaches include exposures to concentrated ambient air particles, diesel engine exhaust, combustion products from smoking machines, and experimental model particles. Future investigations of the health effects of air pollution will benefit from collaborative efforts among the disciplines of epidemiology, animal toxicology, and human clinical studies.

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Effect of cigarette smoking on pentane excretion in alveolar breath

Cited by 69 publications

References 0 publications

Breath isoprene in patients with heart failure

Breath isoprene in patients with heart failure

The pathophysiology of smoking during pregnancy a systems biology approach

Toxicologic Methods: Controlled Human Exposures

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