Effect of chronic mercuric chloride exposure on liver and muscle enzymes in fish

A Study of Toxic Effects of Heavy Metal Contaminants from Sludge-Supplemented Diets on Male Wistar Rats

“…Significance is given at P40.05. been known to be sensitive to lead (Goyer and Ryne, 1973;Fowler, et al, 1980;Oskarsson and Fowler, 1985), with both morphological and biochemical alterations in their structural-functional relationships, in particular, decreased respiratory functions, which is linked to decreased levels of respiratory enzymes and other biochemical processes such as intermediary metabolism (Nicholls et al, 1989;Gill et al, 1990;Foulkes, 1990). In the present investigation, the decreased levels of GPT and SDH activity are probably due to various metal contaminants found in the sludge that might have affected mitochondrial function and intermediary metabolism in a dose-dependent manner in SSDF animals.…”

Comparative and interactive effects of mercury, cadmium and lead on tissue GSH levels in Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner): implications for monitoring heavy metal pollution

“…The biliary efflux of GSH is purported to play a role in the biliary secretion of all metals which have a selective affinity for sulphydryl groups (Hallatori and Clarkson 1984). The chronic effects of mercury (11) chloride on the liver and muscle enzymes involved in maintaining GSH levels e.g., zglutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), have been described in fish (Nicholls et al 1989). In their investigation mercury either inhibited or promoted the activity of GGT depending upon the exposure time and the exposure concentration.…”

Mercury Hazards from Gold Mining to Humans, Plants, and Animals

“…Sublethal concentrations of mercury are known to adversely affect sensitive species of aquatic biota through inhibition of reproduction (Dave and Xiu 1991;Kanamadi and Saidapur 1991;Kirubagaran and Joy 1992;Khan and Weis 1993;Punzo 1993), reduction in growth rate (Kanamadi and Saidapur 1991;Punzo 1993), increased frequency of tissue histopathology Joy 1988, 1989;Handy and Penrice 1993;Voccia et al 1994), impairment in ability to capture prey (Weis and Weis 1995) and olfactory receptor function , alterations in blood chemistry (Allen 1994) and enzyme activities (Nicholls et al 1989;Kramer et al 1992), disruption of Birge et al 1979;2, USEPA 1985;3, Hudson et al 1984;4, Hill 1981;5, Hill and Soares 1984;6, Heinz and Locke 1976;7, Scheuhammer 1988;8, Spann et al 1972;9, Finley et al 1979;10, Hamasaki et al 1995;11, Khera 1979;12, Eaton et al 1980;13, Sheffy and St. Amant 1982;14, Kucera 1983;15, Ropek and Neely 1993;16, Ronald et al 1977. thyroid function (Kirubagaran and Joy 1989), chloride secretion (Silva et al 1992), and other biochemical and metabolic functions (Nicholls et al 1989;Angelow and Nicholls 1991). In general, the accumulation of mercury by aquatic biota is rapid and depuration is slow (Newman and Doubet 1989;Angelow and Nicholls 1991;Wright et al 1991;Handy and Penrice 1993;…”