Effect of Chromium Nanoparticle on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Pork Quality and Tissue Chromium in Finishing Pigs

Abstract

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chromium nanoparticle (CrNano) on growth, carcass characteristics, pork quality, and tissue chromium in finishing pigs. A total of 100 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire barrows (average initial BW of 64.78±0.83 kg) were divided into 10 pens, 10 pigs per pen. 5 pens of pigs were fed with control diet (corn-soybean meal, 1.05% Lys) and others were fed with control diet addition with 200 µg/kg Chrome (Cr) from CrNano. During the trial, all pigs were given free access to feed and water. After 35 days trial, 10 pigs from each each treatment (weight similar to average group weight, 91.34±1.31 kg for control group, and 92.26±0.56 kg for CrNano treated group) were sacrificed to measure carcass characteristics, pork quality, and to collect the samples of longissimus muscle, liver, kidney and heart. The results indicated that the addition of 200 µg/kg CrNano decreased feed: gain ratio by 3.56% (p<0.05) compared to the control group. Pigs fed CrNano had 14.06% higher (p<0.05) carcass lean percentage, 19.96% (p<0.05) larger longissimus muscle area and 25.53% lower (p<0.05) carcass fat percentage, 18.22% lower (p<0.05) backfat thickness. Drip loss in chops from pigs fed CrNano was decreased by 21.48% (p<0.05) and weights of longissimus muscle and semimembranosus were increased by 16.33% (p<0.05) and 14.87% (p<0.05) respectively. In addition, supplemental CrNano resulted in 184.11% (p<0.05), 144.99% (p<0.05), 88.13% (p<0.05) and 52.60% (p<0.05) increment of Cr concentration in longissimus muscle, liver, kidney and heart, respectively. These results suggest that supplemental CrNano has beneficial effects on carcass characteristics, pork quality and individual skeletal muscle weight, increase tissue chromium concentration in selected muscle and organs. (Asian-Aust.

Effects of chromium nanoparticle dosage on growth, body composition, serum hormones and tissue chromium in Sprague-Dawley rats

“…Thus, the biggest difference from previous reports observed in this study was that supplemental Cr from CrNano produced greatly higher Cr concentration in muscles. This agreed with our previous results in pigs (Wang and Xu, 2004). The enhanced Cr absorption in vivo by CrNano might improve the efficacy of insulin as shown by its accelerated internalization.…”

“…In the present study, LBM was increased by the addition of 300 and 450 ppb Cr as CrNano and %BF was decreased by the addition of 150, 300, 450, and 600 ppb Cr as CrNano. This further substantiated our previous results in finishing pigs (Wang and Xu, 2004). Whether CrNano is a source of Cr with higher bioavailability remains to be further investigated.…”

“…Chromium nanoparticle (CrNano) has shown beneficial effects on carcass characteristics, pork quality and individual skeletal muscle weight when it was supplemented to the diets of finishing pigs (Wang and Xu, 2004). However, no definite conclusion on the beneficial effect of CrNano on altering body composition could be drawn.…”

“…Dietary Cr supplementation can alter body composition, but the ability of different forms of Cr may vary in doing this (Hasten et al, 1997a). It is suggested that the absorption and utilization of Cr may be dependent on its status in intestinal tract (Wang and Xu, 2004). Size, nature of the polymer, zeta potential and vehicle have been determined as critical factors influencing particle uptake (Delie, 1998).…”

Potential Toxicity in Crucian Carp Following Exposure to Metallic Nanoparticles of Copper, Chromium, and Their Mixtures: A Comparative Study

“…Chromium nanoparticles (CrNP) are mainly applied in catalysts, pigments, and electroplating and tanning processes, as well as trace elements in food additives [10][11]. Due to their continuous release into the aquatic environment, both acute and chronic toxicity of CuNP have been observed in various aquatic species, including phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fish, in which CuNP showed similar types of toxic effects as ionic Cu [12][13][14][15][16].…”