Effect of Chlortetracycline on Nutrient Utilization by Dairy Calves

Bush, L.J.; Allen, Richard D.; Jacobson, N. L.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(59)90634-4

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Research studying feeding antibiotics (primarily in milk replacers) to calves continued during this period. Researchers from Iowa State and Michigan State observed increased intake and growth in calves fed antibiotics (Bush et al, 1959). Results indicated that antibiotics had little effect on overall digestion and protein metabolism (Lassiter et al, 1958).…”

Section: To 1976mentioning

confidence: 99%

A 100-Year Review: Calf nutrition and management

Kertz¹,

Hill²,

Quigley³

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

132

109

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The first calf paper, published in the May 1919 issue of the Journal of Dairy Science (JDS), described factors affecting birth body weight of different breeds of calves. Other studies were done on nonmilk ingredients, growth charts were developed, and early weaning was followed to conserve milk fed to calves. Calf papers did not report use of statistics to control or record variation or to determine whether treatment means were different. Many experiments were more observational than comparative. Typically fewer than 5 calves, and sometimes 1 or 2 calves, were used per treatment. During the next 20 yr, calf studies increased and included colostrum feeding, milk and milk replacer feeding, minerals and vitamins, and fats and oils. Many concepts fundamental to current knowledge and understanding of digestion, rumen development, and milk replacer formulation were developed during this period. In addition, the concept of using antibiotic growth promoters in dairy calf diets was first evaluated and developed during the 1950s. During the 20-yr period of January 1957 through December 1976, a large number of universities in the United States and 1 in Canada contributed almost 150 papers on a variety of calf-related topics. These topics included genetics, physiology of the calf, review of calf immunity, antibiotic feeding, and milk replacer ingredients. This became the golden era of calf rumen development studies, which also engendered studies of calf starter rations and ingredients. A classic review of management, feeding, and housing studies summarized research related to calf feeding and management systems up to that point with an emphasis on maintaining calf growth and health while reducing labor and feed costs. It was also during this period that metric measurements replaced English units. In the 20-yr period from 1977 to 1996, more than 400 articles on calf nutrition and management were published in JDS. With the growing research interest in calves, a paper outlining standardized procedures for conducting and reporting data from calf experiments was first published. A very active area of calf nutrition research from the late 1970s to the mid 1980s was colostrum quality, feeding, and preservation; more than 60 such research articles were published in the journal during this time. Various nonmilk protein sources were evaluated. Extensive studies were done evaluating trace and major mineral requirements in calves along with some vitamin studies. Throughout the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, the primary objective of most calf research was how to wean healthy, adequately grown calves at an early age-generally less than 30 d of age. This program was reviewed in a 1979 publication. Research on calf starter ingredients, nutrient composition, and additives was minimal in the 1980s and 1990s given the importance of starter intake to the success of early weaning, but the role of water intake in starter intake and growth was established. Research on issues with calves continued to increase during the last 20-yr period as evidenced by ...

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Section: To 1976mentioning

confidence: 99%

A 100-Year Review: Calf nutrition and management

Kertz¹,

Hill²,

Quigley³

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

132

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In the study of Bush et al. ( 1959 ) the effect of chlortetracycline on growth and nutrient utilisation was studied in dairy calves. Sixteen 4‐day‐old male dairy calves (12 Holsteins, two Ayrshires and two Brown Swiss) were distributed in two dietary treatments, supplemented or not with 80 mg chlortetracycline (unspecified chemical form; Aurofac D) per calf and day (corresponding to 45 mg chlortetracycline/kg DM) for 16 weeks.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the four studies in calves, three studies including a dietary chlortetracycline supplementation at 45 mg chlortetracycline/kg DM (Bush et al., 1959 ; Brown et al., 1960 ) and 80 mg chlortetracycline/kg DM (Murdock et al., 1961 ) showed growth‐promoting effects; no effects were observed at 70 mg chlortetracycline/kg DM (Hibbs and Conrad, 1958 ).…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximum levels of cross‐contamination for 24 antimicrobial active substances in non‐target feed. Part 12: Tetracyclines: tetracycline, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, and doxycycline

Koutsoumanis¹,

Allende²,

Álvarez‐Ordóñez³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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The specific concentrations of tetracycline, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline and doxycycline in nontarget feed for food-producing animals, below which there would not be an effect on the emergence of, and/or selection for, resistance in bacteria relevant for human and animal health, as well as the specific antimicrobial concentrations in feed which have an effect in terms of growth promotion/increased yield were assessed by EFSA in collaboration with EMA. Details of the methodology used for this assessment, associated data gaps and uncertainties are presented in a separate document. To address antimicrobial resistance, the Feed Antimicrobial Resistance Selection Concentration (FARSC) model developed specifically for the assessment was applied. The FARSC for these four tetracyclines was estimated. To address growth promotion, data from scientific publications obtained from an extensive literature review were used. Levels in feed that showed to have an effect on growth promotion/increased yield were reported for tetracycline, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, whilst for doxycycline no suitable data for the assessment were available. Uncertainties and data gaps associated with the levels reported were addressed. It was recommended to perform further studies to supply more diverse and complete data related to the requirements for calculation of the FARSC for these antimicrobials.

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