Effect of chloroquine on rates of lipolysis in the isolated perfused rat heart and in rat epididymal fat pads

Severson, David L.; Lefebvre, Fleur-Ange T.; Sloan, Shellie K.

doi:10.1016/0022-2828(80)90026-7

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In our perfusion system, heparin addition resulted in high levels of lipoprotein lipase activity in the perfused medium. This agrees with observations from other authors using white fat pads (4,19) perfused canine subcutaneous adipose tissue (20), or isolated fat cells grown in culture (21)(22)(23)(24).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These responses coincide with the known effects of these hormones and reveal that the perfused adipose tissue retains both functional receptors for these hormones and intact signal transduction pathways for the regulation of hormone-sensitive lipase activity. As an index of tissue lipolysis, we assessed glycerol concentration in the perfusate after the addition of insulin to the perfusion medium (19). As expected, insulin inhibited lipolysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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An in situ perfusion protocol of rat epididymal adipose tissue useful in metabolic studies

Cònsol

Moles

Ricart-Jané

et al. 2005

Journal of Lipid Research

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Experimental approaches involving the perfusion of tissues and organs offer the advantage of improved physiological relevance over the use of isolated tissues or cells while at the same time being much more controlled and tissue-specific than studies in vivo. Nevertheless, there have been few metabolic studies performed in perfused white adipose tissue, largely because of the difficulty of the surgical technique involved. Although some methods have been described, they are difficult to use as perfusion protocols and their reproducibility is poor. We have modified a rat perfusion method, based on a modification of the Ho and Meng technique, for use with epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), and we present it here as a protocol to be reproduced. We also offer surgical solutions for the most common variants of vessel distributions in rats. Using the protocol described here, the perfused adipose tissue is viable and metabolically active, as indicated by the maintenance of tissue ATP levels and adiponectin secretion and by endogenous lipolysis regulation. Moreover, there is a high level of lipoprotein lipase activity in the endothelium of the tissue, which is heparin-releasable. Thus, this method is a useful and reproducible tool that allows the perfusion of eWAT for use in metabolic studies. Perfusion is a technique that faithfully reproduces the physiological environment in an isolated tissue. It allows the study of metabolic processes in physiological conditions because it involves the whole organ, maintaining its structure and cellular diversity. Moreover, substrates, hormones, drugs, etc., reach cells through physiological channels, the arteries and veins.In the early 20th century, the development of perfusion methodology in laboratory animals began in organs such as the heart and liver. Later, some studies were performed in perfused white fat tissue. However, this technique is more complicated than in other tissues. In 1963, Robert and Scow (1) published the first perfusion of rat parametrial white fat tissue, used in later studies (1-5). In 1964, Ho and Meng (6) described a perfusion technique for isolated rat epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), used as a reference for subsequent epididymal tissue studies (6-10). In all cases, the protocols described are very difficult to reproduce and use in metabolic studies.Alternatively, in humans, the use of microdialysis and arteriovenous techniques has been proposed to study white adipose tissue (WAT) metabolism (11). Although these methods are applicable to humans, they have several disadvantages, such as minimal control over the studied tissue and over the different factors released from the rest of the body.Based on the modification by Gubser, Di Francesco, and Bickel (7) of the Ho and Meng technique (6), we developed a detailed in situ perfusion method with the aim of providing an easily reproducible protocol useful for other researchers. This method is appropriate for use in metabolic studies involving the perfusion of different substances and collec...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

An in situ perfusion protocol of rat epididymal adipose tissue useful in metabolic studies

Cònsol

Moles

Ricart-Jané

et al. 2005

Journal of Lipid Research

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“…In addition, use of hydroxychloroquine and use of prednisone were also indicators of thigh muscle area and density. While hydroxychloroquine has not been studied in this context, it is plausible that its effect on muscle density could be mediated by potentiating the activity of lipolytic enzymes by reducing their lysosomal degradation (41, 42), which could, hypothetically, lead to reduced intramyocellular lipid. However, as the association of hydroxychloroquine with muscle density could be confounded by factors related to the indication for prescribing the drug (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle density in rheumatoid arthritis: Associations with disease features and functional outcomes

Kramer¹,

Fontaine²,

Bathon³

et al. 2012

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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OBJECTIVE To explore the associations of thigh computed tomography (CT)-derived measures of body composition with functional outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Patients with RA underwent bilateral mid-femoral quantitative CT for measurement of thigh fat area (TFA), muscle area (TMA), and muscle density (TMD). The associations of thigh composition measures with disability and physical performance, measured with the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), Valued Life Activities (VLA) scale, and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), were explored for the total cohort and by gender, controlling for pertinent demographic, lifestyle, and RA disease and treatment covariates. RESULTS A total of 152 RA patients were studied. Among potential determinants of TMD, higher age, higher duration of sedentary activity, longer RA duration, higher tender joint count, higher serum IL-6 levels, use of glucocorticoids, and non-use of hydroxychloroquine were all significantly associated with lower TMD in multivariable modeling. RA characteristics accounted for 77% of the explainable variability in TMD. When co-modeled, higher TFA and lower TMD, but not lower TMA, were significantly and independently associated with higher HAQ scores, lower SF-36 total physical scores, lower composite SPPB scores, and a greater proportion of affected obligatory VLAs. CONCLUSIONS Thigh CT-derived measures of body composition, particularly fat area and muscle density, were strongly associated with disability and physical performance in RA patients, with RA disease features as potential determinants. Efforts to reduce fat and improve muscle quality may reduce disability in this population with impaired physical functioning.

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Characterization of mono-, di- and triacylglycerol lipase activities in the isolated rat heart

Stam

Broekhoven-Schokker

Hülsmann

1986

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metaboli

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Effect of chloroquine on rates of lipolysis in the isolated perfused rat heart and in rat epididymal fat pads

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

An in situ perfusion protocol of rat epididymal adipose tissue useful in metabolic studies

An in situ perfusion protocol of rat epididymal adipose tissue useful in metabolic studies

Muscle density in rheumatoid arthritis: Associations with disease features and functional outcomes

Characterization of mono-, di- and triacylglycerol lipase activities in the isolated rat heart

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