Effect of Chlorine Exposure on the Survival and Antibiotic Gene Expression of Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Water

Karumathil, Deepti Prasad; Yin, Hsin‐Bai; Johny, Anup Kollanoor; Venkitanarayanan, Kumar

doi:10.3390/ijerph110201844

Cited by 63 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exposure to chlorine can stimulate the expression of efflux pumps and drug resistance operons, as well as induce mutations in some genes leading to increased antibiotic resistance (87). Some of the antibiotic resistance signatures observed in the shower hose metagenomes have been reported to be triggered by biocide exposure; these include the chloramphenicol, kanamycin, and penicillin resistance genes (87,88). Further, previous studies have observed that several Mycobacterium species can modify the cell membrane fatty acid composition in response to stress conditions, producing an altered permeability to biocide and antibiotic compounds (89,90).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Biofilms on Hospital Shower Hoses: Characterization and Implications for Nosocomial Infections

Soto-Girón

Rodriguez-R

Luo

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

e Although the source of drinking water (DW) used in hospitals is commonly disinfected, biofilms forming on water pipelines are a refuge for bacteria, including possible pathogens that survive different disinfection strategies. These biofilm communities are only beginning to be explored by culture-independent techniques that circumvent the limitations of conventional monitoring efforts. Hence, theories regarding the frequency of opportunistic pathogens in DW biofilms and how biofilm members withstand high doses of disinfectants and/or chlorine residuals in the water supply remain speculative. The aim of this study was to characterize the composition of microbial communities growing on five hospital shower hoses using both 16S rRNA gene sequencing of bacterial isolates and whole-genome shotgun metagenome sequencing. The resulting data revealed a Mycobacterium-like population, closely related to Mycobacterium rhodesiae and Mycobacterium tusciae, to be the predominant taxon in all five samples, and its nearly complete draft genome sequence was recovered. In contrast, the fraction recovered by culture was mostly affiliated with Proteobacteria, including members of the genera Sphingomonas, Blastomonas, and Porphyrobacter. The biofilm community harbored genes related to disinfectant tolerance (2.34% of the total annotated proteins) and a lower abundance of virulence determinants related to colonization and evasion of the host immune system. Additionally, genes potentially conferring resistance to ␤-lactam, aminoglycoside, amphenicol, and quinolone antibiotics were detected. Collectively, our results underscore the need to understand the microbiome of DW biofilms using metagenomic approaches. This information might lead to more robust management practices that minimize the risks associated with exposure to opportunistic pathogens in hospitals.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilms on Hospital Shower Hoses: Characterization and Implications for Nosocomial Infections

Soto-Girón

Rodriguez-R

Luo

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The latter approach, i.e., absence of disinfectant residual, is practiced in some European countries (e.g., Denmark, Netherlands, Switzerland, and parts of Germany) for production and distribution of safe drinking water 13 . Among the range of treatment strategies to manage microbial growth in the DWDS, disinfection is likely to have a significant effect on AMR prevalence; either via direct 14–16 or indirect (i.e., DBP mediated) selection 17 of resistant microbial populations. For instance, sub-lethal chlorine concentrations are associated with upregulation of ARGs in pathogens 14,15 and can promote conjugative transfer of ARGs within strains and across genera 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the range of treatment strategies to manage microbial growth in the DWDS, disinfection is likely to have a significant effect on AMR prevalence; either via direct 14–16 or indirect (i.e., DBP mediated) selection 17 of resistant microbial populations. For instance, sub-lethal chlorine concentrations are associated with upregulation of ARGs in pathogens 14,15 and can promote conjugative transfer of ARGs within strains and across genera 16 . Culture dependent work has shown that the presence of chlorine 18 and monochloramine 19 can result in increased ARB prevalence in the DWDS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disinfectant residuals in drinking water systems select for mycobacterial populations with intrinsic antimicrobial resistance

Sevillano¹,

Dai

Calus

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

22Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in drinking water has received less attention than 23 counterparts in the urban water cycle. While culture-based techniques or gene-centric 24 PCR have been used to probe the impact of treatment approaches (e.g., disinfection) on 25 AMR in drinking water, to our knowledge there is no systematic comparison of AMR 26 traits between disinfected and disinfectant residual-free drinking water systems. We use 27 metagenomics to assess the associations between disinfectant residuals and AMR 28 prevalence and its host association in full-scale drinking water distribution systems 29 (DWDSs). The differences in AMR profiles between DWDSs are associated with the 30 presence or absence of disinfectant. Further, AMR genes and mechanisms enriched in 31 disinfected systems are associated with drug classes primarily linked to nontuberculous 32 mycobacteria (NTM). Finally, evaluation of metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) 33 of NTM indicates that they possess AMR genes conferring intrinsic resistance to key 34 antibiotics, whereas such NTM genomes were not detected in disinfectant residual free 35DWDSs. Thus, disinfection may not only influence the AMR profiles of the drinking 36 water microbiome but also select for NTM with intrinsic AMR. 37 38 39 Regulation compliant drinking water can contain low concentrations of chemicals and 41 microorganisms originating from source water, treatment process, distribution systems, 42 and premises plumbing 1,2 . While our understanding of chemical contaminants (e.g., 43 disinfection by-products (DBP) 3 ) and microbial populations 4-6 in treated drinking water 44 is increasing, the drinking water field has only recently started investigating emerging 45 biological contaminants 7 like antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic 46 resistance genes (ARG). Misuse of antibiotics and anthropogenic release of bioactive 47 compounds into the urban water cycle exacerbate the prevalence and persistence of 48 antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and can make engineered systems for water treatment 49 (i.e., wastewater and drinking water) critical points of AMR dissemination 8,9 . Drinking 50 water can constitute a potential exposure route to microorganisms with intrinsic and 51 acquired antibiotic resistance genes (i.e., resistome 10 ), and it is particularly concerning 52 if AMR traits are associated with waterborne pathogens 11 . 53 54Drinking water disinfection is one of the most important public health advances towards 55 elimination of waterborne diseases and remains the most widely used treatment strategy 56 today for pathogen control 12 . Typically, drinking water systems (DWS) maintain a 57 disinfectant residual, usually chlorine, in the drinking water distribution system 58 (DWDS) to minimize microbial growth. However, its unintended impacts (e.g., DBP 59 formation) have prompted the evaluation of alternative strategies to mitigate associated 60 risks. These range from the use of alternate disinfectants such as chloramines, to 61 advanced oxidation processes th...

show abstract

“…In recent years, real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays have been designed to rapidly detect and quantify target sequences with high sensitivity and specificity using specific primers and fluorescent probes. Although qPCR has been used to quantify A. baumannii (Chuang et al., ; Clifford et al., ; Karumathil et al., ), it has not been adapted to monitor airborne A. baumannii .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of viable antibiotic-resistant/sensitiveAcinetobacter baumanniiin indoor air by propidium monoazide quantitative polymerase chain reaction

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Acinetobacter baumannii represents a significant cause of nosocomial infections. Therefore, we combined real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the propidium monoazide (PMA-qPCR) to assess the feasibility of detecting viable, airborne A. baumannii. The biological collection efficiencies of three samplers for collecting airborne A. baumannii were evaluated by PMA-qPCR in a chamber study. After sampling, the effects of storage in collection fluid on A. baumannii were evaluated. The results showed that the culturable ratio of A. baumannii measured using the culture method was significantly correlated with the viable ratio measured using PMA-qPCR, but was not significantly correlated with the qPCR results. It was indicated that the AGI-30 impinger and the BioSampler were much more effective than the Nuclepore filter sampler for collecting airborne A. baumannii. The storage temperature was critical for aerosol samples, as the loss of viable A. baumannii was minimized when the PMA-bound DNA was stored at -20°C or if the collected cells were stored at 4°C and subsequently processed by PMA-qPCR within 1 month. The PMA-qPCR method was also to distinguish between colistin-sensitive and colistin-resistant A. baumannii, and no colistin-sensitive A. baumannii was detected by PMA-qPCR upon treatment of the BioSampler collection medium with 2 μg/ml colistin for 5 min.

show abstract

Effect of Chlorine Exposure on the Survival and Antibiotic Gene Expression of Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Water

Cited by 63 publications

References 39 publications

Biofilms on Hospital Shower Hoses: Characterization and Implications for Nosocomial Infections

Biofilms on Hospital Shower Hoses: Characterization and Implications for Nosocomial Infections

Disinfectant residuals in drinking water systems select for mycobacterial populations with intrinsic antimicrobial resistance

Detection of viable antibiotic-resistant/sensitiveAcinetobacter baumanniiin indoor air by propidium monoazide quantitative polymerase chain reaction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About