Effect of chloride salt, freeze–thaw cycling and externally applied load on the performance of the concrete

Durability properties of a concrete with waste glass sludge exposed to freeze-and-thaw condition and de-icing salt

“…In winter 2012, about 213,000 tons of sodium chloride (NaCl) and 41,000 tons of calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) were used to maintain the safety and accessibility of Korea highways (4043 km). The extensive use of de-icing salts has resulted in the deterioration of concrete structures, such as pop-outs, exfoliations and cracks [1][2][3][4][5]. In particular, the deterioration becomes more severe in low-strength subsidiary concrete structures, such as dykes, side ditches and channel spillways on which snow with de-icing salts is dumped for a long time, as shown in Fig.…”

Recent durability studies on concrete structure

“…However, it should be pointed out that such type of research is just in its initial stage, and more effort has to be made in order to deeply understand the deterioration mechanism under a combination of loading and environmental factors [4,5]. With the aim to study the durability of concrete under combined actions, a RILEM Technical Committee RILEM TC 246-TDC has been set up to make service life design more realistically [117].…”

“…As noted by researchers, in most cases, the degradation of a concrete structure is a result of the combined effect of multi environmental factors and loading. Therefore, many researchers have extended their work from a single mechanical loading or environmental factor to the combined effects of multiple factors [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. As a result of durability studies, many countries have proposed durability-based design guidelines [15][16][17] or durability-loading carrying ability unified service life design method [2].…”

Prediction of reinforcement corrosion based on electrochemical equivalent under loading

“…Actual subway structure serve in the combination of the mechanics and different environmental factors, the durability decrease is not the simple sum of the single factors. Famous concrete expert Mehta [5] pointed out that the damage of the concrete durability is often the result of multiple factors synergies; Wu Zhongwei Academy of Sciences [6] also pointed out that the durability study is used to doing a single damage factors experiment, and that disjoints the actual projects which are affected by the multiple factors; Sun Wei [7] emphasized particularly the significance and necessity of the concrete durability under the multiple factors. The present subway durability study is usually based on a single corrosion factor, aim at the deficiency, this article made the simulation accelerated durability experiment under different load levels to study the reinforced concrete structures durability under the combination between the stray currents and load, proposed reinforcement corrosion prediction method which considered the different load levels.…”