Effect of chickpea husk dietary supplementation on blood and cecal parameters in rats

Abstract

Chickpea husk was functionally evaluated for antioxidant status, blood parameters, cecal fermentation and microbial profiles in rats. Fifteen male rats (5 weeks of age) were divided into three groups; they were individually housed and fed one of the following diets for 3 weeks: purified diet containing 5% cellulose (Cellulose), an identical diet in which cellulose was replaced by corn starch (Starch) or by chickpea husk (Chick). Rats were sacrificed to obtain blood and cecal digesta samples. Chickpea husk contained high polyphenolic content and significant superoxide dismutase and 2,2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activities. In a feeding experiment, Chick showed lowered cholesterol levels and improved antioxidant activity represented by reduced thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in blood. Chick showed increased cecal levels of total short chain fatty acids and butyrate, leading to a lower pH. Chick presented with lowered cecal indole and skatole concentrations, as did Cellulose. Cecal bacterial changes were notable in Chick, evidenced by differences in denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis banding patterns. However, representative bacteria quantified by real-time PCR assay did not support this bacterial change. These results indicate that chickpea husk feeding can improve the antioxidative status of rats through its polyphenolic components and modulate the hindgut environment by its fibrous components.

Effect of soybean husk supplementation on the fecal fermentation metabolites and microbiota of dogs

“…After incubation, samples were analyzed for pH, short chain fatty acids (SCFA), lactate, ammonia, indole and skatole as previously reported (Myint et al . ). The remaining samples were frozen at −80°C for microbial analyses.…”

“…Determinations of total polyphenols, total flavonoids and total tannin were performed as previously reported (Myint et al . ).…”

“…Fecal pH was measured using a pH electrode (F‐51; HORIBA, Kyoto, Japan), while ammonia was determined by the phenol‐hypochloride reaction method, and indole and skatole by colorimetric methods using a spectrophotometer (ARVO MX; Perkin Elmer, Yokohama, Japan) as previously reported (Myint et al . ). For SCFA and lactate, 0.2 g of feces were mixed with 600 μL of distilled water and 200 μL of 25% meta‐phosphoric acid, vortexed, kept at 4°C overnight, and centrifuged (4°C, 13 000 × g , 20 min).…”

Use of Asian selected agricultural byproducts to modulate rumen microbes and fermentation

“…Rats fed chickpea husk at 5% level showed an altered hindgut bacterial community based on different DGGE banding patterns [49]. The authors also found that chickpea husk extract exhibited anti-oxidative activity measured as free radical scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation.…”

“…The authors also found that chickpea husk extract exhibited anti-oxidative activity measured as free radical scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation. In fact, rats fed chickpea husk had lower thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) values in their blood plasma, suggesting the potency of this byproduct as a health-promoting agent in animals [49]. These favorable effects of chickpea husk are considered to be due to the presence of tannins that could have different impact depending on molecular species ( i.e.…”