Effect of chemical treatments on lithium recovery process of activated carbons

Jeong, Ji-Moon; Rhee, Kyong Yop; Park, Soo‐Jin

doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2015.01.009

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…The CH 4 storage capacity of an AC is ~14 wt% at 298 K and 35 bar [83]. The textural properties of ACs can be controlled by various activation factors and preparation [84][85][86][87][88]. In particular, the adsorption capacity of ACs as adsorbents for gas storage is influenced by the pore structures.…”

Section: Activated Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review: methane capture by nanoporous carbon materials for automobiles

Choi¹,

Jeong²,

Choi³

et al. 2016

Carbon letters

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Global warming is considered one of the great challenges of the twenty-first century. In order to reduce the ever-increasing amount of methane (CH 4 ) released into the atmosphere, and thus its impact on global climate change, CH 4 storage technologies are attracting significant research interest. CH 4 storage processes are attracting technological interest, and methane is being applied as an alternative fuel for vehicles. CH 4 storage involves many technologies, among which, adsorption processes such as processes using porous adsorbents are regarded as an important green and economic technology. It is very important to develop highly efficient adsorbents to realize techno-economic systems for CH 4 adsorption and storage. In this review, we summarize the nanomaterials being used for CH 4 adsorption, which are divided into non-carbonaceous (e.g., zeolites, metal-organic frameworks, and porous polymers) and carbonaceous materials (e.g., activated carbons, ordered porous carbons, and activated carbon fibers), with a focus on recent research.

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Section: Activated Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review: methane capture by nanoporous carbon materials for automobiles

Choi¹,

Jeong²,

Choi³

et al. 2016

Carbon letters

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“…The selectivity of Li + has also been calculated with the following expression:

where

is the distribution coefficient of Li + and

is the distribution coefficient of other cations in transit from the brine solution to the electrode material. The distribution coefficient (

) applied for ions other than Li + is expressed in terms of the insertion capacity (

) in the Li-capturing electrode to the final concentration in the brine solution [ 27 , 29 , 30 ].

where

is calculated from the initial concentration (

) and final concentration (

) of the cation in the brine solution with a known volume (

) and mass material (m).…”

Section: Metal Recovery Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Recovery from Natural Saline Brines with an Electrochemical Ion Pumping Method Using Hexacyanoferrate Materials as Electrodes

Salazar-Avalos,

Soliz,

Cáceres

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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The electrochemical ion pumping device is a promising alternative for the development of the industry of recovering metals from natural sources—such as seawater, geothermal water, well brine, or reverse osmosis brine—using electrochemical systems, which is considered a non-evaporative process. This technology is potentially used for metals like Li, Cu, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Sr, and others that are mostly obtained from natural brine sources through a combination of pumping, solar evaporation, and solvent extraction steps. As the future demand for metals for the electronic industry increases, new forms of marine mining processing alternatives are being implemented. Unfortunately, both land and marine mining, such as off-shore and deep sea types, have great potential for severe environmental disruption. In this context, a green alternative is the mixing entropy battery, which is a promising technique whereby the ions are captured from a saline natural source and released into a recovery solution with low ionic force using intercalation materials such as Prussian Blue Analogue (PBA) to store cations inside its crystal structure. This new technique, called “electrochemical ion pumping”, has been proposed for water desalination, lithium concentration, and blue energy recovery using the difference in salt concentration. The raw material for this technology is a saline solution containing ions of interest, such as seawater, natural brines, or industrial waste. In particular, six main ions of interest—Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl−, and SO42−—are found in seawater, and they constitute 99.5% of the world’s total dissolved salts. This manuscript provides relevant information about this new non-evaporative process for recovering metals from aqueous salty solutions using hexacianometals such as CuHCF, NiHCF, and CoHCF as electrodes, among others, for selective ion removal.

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“…The modified activated carbon can also adsorb lithium due to the several oxygen-bearing functional groups containing -OH, C-O-C, and -COOH. Previous studies have shown that chemical modifications could introduce more oxygen-functional groups into activated carbons, thereby improving its lithium adsorption capacity [64]. After KOH treatment, the surface of the modified activated carbon exhibits more negative charge and shows greater lithium adsorption capacity compared to activated carbon modified by H 3 PO 4 .…”

Section: Natural Ore and Carbon Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials for lithium recovery from salt lake brine

et al. 2020

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Rapid developments in the electric industry have promoted an increasing demand for lithium resources. Lithium in salt lake brines has emerged as the main source for industrial lithium extraction, owing to its low cost and extensive reserves. The effective separation of Mg 2? and Li ? is critical to achieving high recovery efficiency and purity of the final lithium product. This paper summarizes Mg 2? /Li ? separation materials and methods in the field of lithium recovery from salt lake brines. The review begins with an introduction to the global distribution and demand for lithium resources, followed by a description of the materials used in various separation techniques, including precipitation, adsorption, solvent extraction, nanofiltration membrane, electrodialysis, and electrochemical methods. A comparison, analysis, and outlook of such methods are comprehensively discussed in terms of principles, mechanisms, synthesis/operation, development, and industrial applications. We conclude with a presentation of challenges and insights into the future directions of lithium extraction from salt lake brines. A combination of the advantages of various materials is the most logical step toward developing novel methods for extracting lithium from brines with high separation selectivity, stability, low cost, and environmentally friendly characteristics.

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Effect of chemical treatments on lithium recovery process of activated carbons

Cited by 20 publications

References 35 publications

A review: methane capture by nanoporous carbon materials for automobiles

A review: methane capture by nanoporous carbon materials for automobiles

Metal Recovery from Natural Saline Brines with an Electrochemical Ion Pumping Method Using Hexacyanoferrate Materials as Electrodes

Materials for lithium recovery from salt lake brine

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