Effect of chemical treatments on ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ infected pomelo (Citrus maxima)

Puttamuk, T.; Zhang, Shouan; Duan, Yongping; Jantasorn, Arom; Thaveechai, N.

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2014.07.018

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For trunk injection, farmers drill hole(s) on the trunk 50–70 cm above the ground, and push antibiotics solution by syringes or drip in plastic bottles into the tree through the hole(s). Trunk injection of a mixture of streptomycin (250 mg/l), ampicillin (2.5 g/l), penicillin G (2 g/l), and Bacicure ® (2 g/l) provided the highest efficiency in reducing and suppressing the Las-bacterium population in the field experiments [21]. Injection of 15 syringes per tree of 500 mg ampicillin/20ml water/syringe on pomelo, Koaw-Tang-Kwao cultivar every 2 months reveal high recovery from greening symptom from 4 through 10 months after injection [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic use in mandarin production (Citrus reticulata Blanco) in major mandarin-producing areas in Thailand: A survey assessment

et al. 2019

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BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR), one of the major global threats to human security, has serious negative consequences for both health and economies. Excessive and inappropriate uses of antibiotics are the main drivers of the emergence of resistant bacterial strains. In Thailand, antibiotics have been used in citrus production since 2012 to treat citrus greening disease or Huanglongbing disease, despite no antibiotics being registered for use in mandarin. This raises concerns about irrational use of antibiotics, which can cause AMR.ObjectiveTo assess the status of greening disease and the use of antibiotics in mandarin production.MethodA face-to-face interview survey in 2017 with 221 mandarin growers in two major mandarin-producing areas.FindingsGreening disease is one of the most serious diseases in mandarins and farmers in the two major mandarin-producing areas in Thailand used ampicillin, amoxicillin, tetracycline and penicillin to treat it. As no antibiotics are registered for use in plants, farmers used antibiotics (registered with the Thai Food and Drug Administration) for human use, either active pharmaceutical ingredients or finished products. They commonly purchased them from retail pharmacies or agrochemical suppliers. Farmers were influenced to use antibiotics by their orchard neighbours and advice from a few academics. The farmers injected antibiotics into the tree trunks approximately three to four times a year and stopped for more than two months before harvesting for in-season fruits.ConclusionAntibiotics registered for human use are being applied to control greening diseases. We recommend scaling up sustainable disease control measures and curtail the use of antibiotics through close and effective dialogue among ‘One Health’ partners.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic use in mandarin production (Citrus reticulata Blanco) in major mandarin-producing areas in Thailand: A survey assessment

et al. 2019

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“…Because of the systemic distribution of Las in infected plants, HLB is extremely difficult to cure. Although there has been limited success in treating individual trees for HLB 5 , 12 , 13 , no chemicals or protocols viable on a commercial scale are currently known. HLB continues to cause serious economic losses and has resulted in the destruction of tens of millions of citrus trees worldwide 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular mechanisms underlying heat or tetracycline treatments for citrus HLB control

et al. 2018

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Huanglongbing (HLB), a destructive plant bacterial disease, severely impedes worldwide citrus production. In our previous reports, we revealed the molecular mechanisms of host plant responses that underlie thermotherapy against HLB. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying heat or tetracycline treatments on the HLB bacterium, ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (Las) by focusing on Las prophage/phage conversion under stress conditions. By comparing the prophage FP1 and FP2 copy number to the copy number of 16S rDNA in HLB-affected plants, we found that the relative copy number of both FP1 and FP2 increased significantly, ranging from 3.4- to 6.7-fold change when Las-infected samples underwent a temperature shift from 23 to 37, 42 or 45 °C. When treated with tetracycline at 50–150 and 200–250 µg/ml, respectively, the relative copy number of both FP1 and FP2 increased by 3.4- to 6.0-fold. In addition, analyses of Las prophage structural gene and antirepressor gene copy numbers showed similar trends for all treatments. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy provided direct evidence of lysogenic to lytic conversion upon temperature increase. These results not only provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying heat or tetracycline treatment but also suggest a novel HLB control strategy by enhancing the endogenous conversion from Las prophages to phages.

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“…Diseased trees decline, their yield is reduced, and fruit quality is impaired greatly. Although brassinosteroids, small host-response modulating molecules, and a mixture of antibiotic compounds can improve tree health and create interesting, beneficial molecular responses (Puttamuk et al, 2014 ; Canales et al, 2016 ; Martinelli et al, 2016a ), there is no sustainable, technically feasible therapy for affected trees. The lack of cure and relatively fast progression of the disease in orchards made it vital to investigate HLB in depth, at the molecular level, to better understand the pathways used by Ca.L.…”

Section: Huanglongbing Is the Most Threatening Disease In Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Mechanisms of the Devious Intruder Candidatus Liberibacter in Citrus

Martinelli

Dandekar

2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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Effect of chemical treatments on ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ infected pomelo (Citrus maxima)

Cited by 32 publications

References 24 publications

Antibiotic use in mandarin production (Citrus reticulata Blanco) in major mandarin-producing areas in Thailand: A survey assessment

Antibiotic use in mandarin production (Citrus reticulata Blanco) in major mandarin-producing areas in Thailand: A survey assessment

Molecular mechanisms underlying heat or tetracycline treatments for citrus HLB control

Genetic Mechanisms of the Devious Intruder Candidatus Liberibacter in Citrus

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