Effect of chemical composition of PM2.5 on visibility in Guangzhou, China, 2007 spring

Tao, Jun; Ho, Kin Fai; Chen, Laiguo; Zhu, Lihua; Han, Jin; Xu, Zhencheng

doi:10.1016/j.partic.2008.11.002

Cited by 143 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Three-hour water-soluble ionic species in PM 10 were also sampled over the monitoring campaign. The operation and QA/QC of instrument and extraction procedure have been previously described (Lai et al, 2007;Tao et al, 2007). For more details, the reader is referred to the aforementioned studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Metrohm IC system which comprise 819 Advance IC Pump, 819 Advance IC Detector, 820 Advance IC Separation Center, 833 Advance IC Liquid Handling Suppressor Unit and 830 Advance IC Interface, was employed for the analysis of seven WSIS. The setup, quality control and quality assurance of instrument and analytical method have been previously explained (Lai et al, 2007;Tao et al, 2007). For more details the reader is referred to these publications.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Vertical Distribution and Potential Risk of Particulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in High Buildings of Bangkok, Thailand

Pongpiachan¹

2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Vertical Distribution and Potential Risk of Particulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in High Buildings of Bangkok, Thailand

Pongpiachan¹

2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…If there is inadequate ammonia in the atmosphere to fully neutralize sulfuric acid, ammoniated sulfate ion can be estimated from independent measurements of sulfate ion and ammonium ion as follows (Malm and Day, 2001;Tao et al, 2009) The visibility data were converted to b ext using Koschmeider equation (Horvath, 1971;Cheng et al, 2013):…”

Section: Reconstruction Of Pm 25 and Light Extinctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the formula, contribution of each aerosol species and the total contribution by aerosol to light extinction can be calculated. Both the original and the revised formulas have been applied in the studies in China (Yang et al, 2007;Tao et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2012;Xiao et al, 2014). The major concern in applying the IMPROVE formulas is their universal applicability since the formulas were developed for rural/remote areas in United States (Sisler and Malm, 1994;Hand et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructed Light Extinction Coefficients of Fine Particulate Matter in Rural Guangzhou, Southern China

Chen

Lai

Gao

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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A one-year campaign was conducted to collected PM 2.5 samples in the rural area of Guangzhou, the largest megacity in South China, from March 2012 to February 2013. Mass concentration of PM 2.5 , carbonaceous fractions (i.e., organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC)) and 6 water-soluble ions were analyzed. Light extinction coefficient (b ext ) of fine particulate matter was reconstructed using the revised IMPROVE formula at the site. (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 (AS) made a dominant contribution to the light extinction budget, accounting for 61.3% (155.6 ± 108.5 Mm -1 ) annually, with highest in autumn (68.0%) and lowest in winter (55.2%). Organic matter (OM) was the second largest contributor accounting for 20.5% (52.2 ± 42.7 Mm -1 ) with highest in winter (23.4%) and lowest in spring (18.0%). The relationship between reconstructed b ext and measured b ext was investigated under the influence of seasonality, visibility and PM 2.5 concentration. We found that b ext could be reconstructed using revised IMPROVE formula in high PM 2.5 days (threshold value of ~60 µg m -3 ). On other hand, the performance of formula was unsatisfactory for b ext reconstruction of in low PM 2.5 days, when meteorological conditions could have significant impact on visibility.

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“…Aerosol measurements (Tao et al, 2009;Deng et al, 2013) have revealed that secondary chemical species strongly contribute to the overall concentration of fine particles in the atmosphere (approximately 50%). Therefore, secondary fractions are important for controlling PM 2.5 pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary PM2.5 in Zhengzhou, China: Chemical Species Based on Three Years of Observations

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The chemical properties and secondary components of PM 2.5 were investigated in the city of Zhengzhou, China. Watersoluble ionic species (Na + , NH 4 + , K + , Mg 2+, Ca 2+ , F -, Cl -, NO 3 -and SO 4 2-) contents, carbonaceous components (organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC)) in PM 2.5 were measured for three years. The EC tracer method was used to estimate the secondary organic carbon (SOC) content, and the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments formula was used to estimate light extinction due to the chemical composition of PM 2.5 .The annual mean concentrations of PM 2.5 were 186, 180 and 218 µg m -3 in 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. These concentrations were 5-6 times greater than the National Ambient Air Quality Standards of China (annual value of 35 µg m -3 ) and indicated the presence of severe PM 2.5 pollution in Zhengzhou. Particulate organic matter (OM) contributed the most (18-26%) to the annual average PM 2.5 , followed by SO 4 2-(14-19%), NO 3 -(10-11%), NH 4 + (8-9%) and EC (3%). From 2011 to 2013, the contributions of OM and SO 4 2-increased by 8% and 3%, respectively. The higher sulfur oxidation ratio indicated the formation of significant amounts of secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA), particularly during the summer and spring. Obvious SOC enrichment occurred during the winter and autumn. In addition, SIA and secondary organic aerosols accounted for 26-50% and 4-21% of the PM 2.5 by mass, respectively. An investigation of the secondary species revealed that secondary aerosols played a dominant role in the total PM 2.5 mass and the decrease in visibility. The secondary aerosols ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 + NH 4 NO 3 + SOC) accounted for 80% of b ext . The main secondary aerosols that led to poor visibility in Zhengzhou were (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 and NH 4 NO 3 .

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Effect of chemical composition of PM2.5 on visibility in Guangzhou, China, 2007 spring

Cited by 143 publications

References 33 publications

Vertical Distribution and Potential Risk of Particulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in High Buildings of Bangkok, Thailand

Vertical Distribution and Potential Risk of Particulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in High Buildings of Bangkok, Thailand

Reconstructed Light Extinction Coefficients of Fine Particulate Matter in Rural Guangzhou, Southern China

Secondary PM2.5 in Zhengzhou, China: Chemical Species Based on Three Years of Observations

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