Effect of Certain Fungicides on Some Rhizobia-Legume-Symbiotic Systems

Hamdi, Y.A.; Moharram, Amal A.; Lofti, M.

doi:10.1016/s0044-4057(74)80052-3

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Under certain conditions, some fungicides exhibit a phytotoxic effect when applied to legumes. Treatment with different classes of pesticides has been shown to cause growth inhibition, chlorosis, and losses in seed viability in various legume species [27,28,31,[33][34][35][36][37][38]. High concentrations of TMTD (>100 ppm) have a deleterious effect on nitrogen fixation by plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An evaluation of the effect of a variety of fungicides applied as a seed treatment to white clover (Trifolium repens L.), pea, and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) revealed that TMTD and rhizoctol are harmful to clover and the pea [27]. In peas treated with TMTD, nitrogenase activity decreases, the size, weight, and number of nodules decreases significantly, and white ineffective nodules are formed [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Fungicide Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide Negatively Affects Plant Cell Walls, Infection Thread Walls, and Symbiosomes in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Symbiotic Nodules

Gorshkov

Tsyganova

Vorobiev

et al. 2020

Plants

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In Russia, tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is a fungicide widely used in the cultivation of legumes, including the pea (Pisum sativum). Application of TMTD can negatively affect nodulation; nevertheless, its effect on the histological and ultrastructural organization of nodules has not previously been investigated. In this study, the effect of TMTD at three concentrations (0.4, 4, and 8 g/kg) on nodule development in three pea genotypes (laboratory lines Sprint-2 and SGE, and cultivar ‘Finale’) was examined. In SGE, TMTD at 0.4 g/kg reduced the nodule number and shoot and root fresh weights. Treatment with TMTD at 8 g/kg changed the nodule color from pink to green, indicative of nodule senescence. Light and transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed negative effects of TMTD on nodule structure in each genotype. ‘Finale’ was the most sensitive cultivar to TMTD and Sprint-2 was the most tolerant. The negative effects of TMTD on nodules included the appearance of a senescence zone, starch accumulation, swelling of cell walls accompanied by a loss of electron density, thickening of the infection thread walls, symbiosome fusion, and bacteroid degradation. These results demonstrate how TMTD adversely affects nodules in the pea and will be useful for developing strategies to optimize fungicide use on legume crops.

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