Effect of cereal type, disintegration method and pelleting on stomach content, weight and ulcers and performance in growing pigs

Nielsen, E.K.; Ingvartsen, Klaus Lønne

doi:10.1016/s0301-6226(00)00165-2

Cited by 44 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These marked effects of the coarsely ground meal feed occurred in spite of only minor differences in the particle size distribution between the coarsely ground meal feed and the coarsely ground pelleted feed. The observed rheological characteristics of stomach content are in accordance with results from other studies (20,24,25). A strong effect of the experimental diets on several microbial parameters was observed in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Furthermore, pigs fed the coarsely ground meal feed all had undamaged tissue of the nonglandular esophageal region in the stomach, whereas pigs fed the other diets showed some degree of lesions and keratinization of this tissue. These results are in accordance with other studies (7,24,25,32). The reason for this prevention of gastric ulcer may be related to the consistency of the stomach content.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of Physical Properties of Feed on Microbial Ecology and Survival of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium in the Pig Gastrointestinal Tract

Mikkelsen¹,

Naughton

Hedemann³

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

153

133

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A two-by-two factorial experiment with pigs was conducted to study the effect of feed grinding (fine and coarse) and feed processing (pelleted and nonpelleted) on physicochemical properties, microbial populations, and survival of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT12 in the gastrointestinal tracts of pigs. Results demonstrated a strong effect of diet on parameters measured in the stomachs of the pigs, whereas the effect was less in the other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Pigs fed the coarse nonpelleted (C-NP) diet showed more solid gastric content with higher dry matter content than pigs fed the fine nonpelleted (F-NP), coarse pelleted (C-P), or fine pelleted (F-P) diet. Pigs fed the C-NP diet also showed significantly increased number of anaerobic bacteria (P < 0.05), increased concentrations of organic acids, and reduced pH in the stomach. In addition, pigs fed the C-NP diet showed increased in vitro death rate of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium DT12 in content from the stomach (P < 0.001). Pigs fed the C-NP diet had a significantly higher concentration of undissociated lactic acid in gastric content than pigs fed the other diets (P < 0.001). A strong correlation between the concentration of undissociated lactic acid and the death rate of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium DT12 was found. In the distal small intestine, cecum, and midcolon, significantly lower numbers of coliform bacteria were observed in pigs fed the coarse diets than in pigs fed the fine diets (P < 0.01). Pigs fed the C-NP diet showed the lowest number of coliform bacteria in these segments of the gastrointestinal tract. Pigs fed the coarse diets showed increased concentration of butyric acid in the cecum (P < 0.05) and colon (P < 0.10) compared with pigs fed the fine diets. It was concluded that feeding a coarsely ground meal feed to pigs changes the physicochemical and microbial properties of content in the stomach, which decreases the survival of Salmonella during passage through the stomach. In this way the stomach acts as a barrier preventing harmful bacteria from entering and proliferating in the lower part of the gastrointestinal tract.Human food-borne disease outbreaks are a public health concern and have economic importance to the food-producing industry. Subclinical Salmonella enterica infections in pig herds are recognized as an important source of human salmonellosis in Denmark (29). A Danish Salmonella surveillance and control program in pig herds and slaughterhouses has been applied nationally since 1995, and the goal is to reduce the Salmonella prevalence in pork meat to 0.5% (23). In year 2002, the incidence of Salmonella-positive carcass samples in Danish slaughterhouses was 1.4% and the corresponding Salmonella prevalence at herd level monitored by serological testing was 3.2% (1).There is a growing awareness that it is only possible to reduce the prevalence of Salmonella in pork, and consequently the number of infections in people consuming pork and pork products, through an integration and cooperation of all sta...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of Physical Properties of Feed on Microbial Ecology and Survival of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium in the Pig Gastrointestinal Tract

Mikkelsen¹,

Naughton

Hedemann³

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

153

133

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“…Danish work reported by Nielsen & Ingvartsen (2000a) found that pigs receiving rolled barley (50 % of particles > 1 mm) or wheat in non-pelleted form had virtually no gastric lesions as opposed to pigs receiving ground (3 mm screen size) barley or wheat. Interestingly, rolled barley could be pelleted without causing gastric lesions whereas rolled, pelleted wheat resulted in the highest gastric lesion score.…”

Section: Gastric Ulcersmentioning

confidence: 96%

Nutritional influences on some major enteric bacterial diseases of pig

et al. 2002

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There are several enteric bacterial diseases and conditions of pigs that require control to prevent overt disease, to reduce morbidity and mortality, and to improve the efficiency of production. Traditionally, veterinarians, feed manufacturers and producers have relied upon antibiotics and minerals (for example, ZnO, CuSO 4 ) in diets for a large part of this control. However, recent trends, particularly in Europe, are to reduce antimicrobial use and seek alternative or replacement strategies for controlling enteric bacterial diseases. The majority of these strategies rely on 'nutrition', taken in its broadest sense, to reduce the susceptibility of pigs to these diseases. Evidence to date suggests that specific dietary interventions, for example feeding very highly-digestible diets based on cooked white rice, can reduce the proliferation of a number of specific enteric bacterial infections, such as post-weaning colibacillosis. No simple and universal way to reduce susceptibility to pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract has been identified, and the underlying basis for many of the reported positive effects of 'nutrition' on controlling enteric infections lacks robust, scientific understanding. This makes it difficult to recommend dietary guidelines to prevent or reduce enteric bacterial diseases. Furthermore, some diseases, such as porcine intestinal spirochaetosis caused by Brachyspira pilosicoli, are sometimes associated with other pathogens (co-infections). In such cases, each pathogen might have different nutrient requirements, ecological niches and patterns of metabolism for which a variety of dietary interventions are needed to ameliorate the disease. Greater understanding of how 'nutrition' influences gut epithelial biology and immunobiology, and their interactions with both commensal and pathogenic bacteria, holds promise as a means of tackling enteric disease without antimicrobial agents. In addition, it is important to consider the overall system (i.e. management, housing, welfare) of pig production in the context of controlling enteric bacterial diseases.

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“…The physical enclosure of dietary nutrients by cell wall NSPs prevents the diffusion of nutrients and digestive enzymes (De Lange, 2000) resulting in a reduction in digestibility (Johnson and Gee, 1981) and average daily gain of pigs offered barley-based diets compared with wheat-based diets (Nielsen et al, 2000). O'Connell et al (2005) showed that total tract apparent digestibility is improved with exogenous b-glucanase supplementation; however, the beneficial properties of b-glucans in barley are removed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of increasing the intake of dietary β-glucans by exchanging wheat for barley on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen excretion, intestinal microflora, volatile fatty acid concentration and manure ammonia emissions in finishing pigs

Lynch

Sweeney

Callan

et al. 2007

Animal

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An experiment (complete randomised design) was conducted to investigate the linear and quadratic effects of barley b-glucan inclusion level on total tract nutrient apparent digestibility, nitrogen excretion, intestinal microflora, volatile fatty acid (VFA) profile and manure ammonia emissions in pigs. Twenty-four boars (66 kg) were assigned to one of four treatments: (T1) 0 g/kg barley (control diet) (5.6 g/kg b-glucan), (T2) 222 g/kg barley (12.1 g/kg b-glucan), (T3) 444 g/kg barley (18.9 g/kg b-glucan) and (T4) 666 g/kg barley (25 g/kg b-glucan). Barley was substituted for wheat in the diet. The diets were formulated to contain similar concentrations of digestible energy and digestible lysine. There was a linear decrease (P , 0.001) in the total tract apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, gross energy and neutral-detergent fibre with increasing b-glucan concentration. Faecal nitrogen excretion was affected by dietary b-glucan concentration (quadratic P , 0.05). There was a linear decrease in Enterobacteria concentrations (P , 0.05) with increasing dietary b-glucan concentration. Increasing dietary barley levels caused a linear decrease in colonic (P , 0.01) and caecal pH (P , 0.001). Total caecal VFA and propionic acid were affected by dietary b-glucan concentration (quadratic, P , 0.05). There was a linear decrease in the proportion of acetic acid (P , 0.001), isobutyric acid (P , 0.01) and isovaleric acid (P , 0.05) with increasing levels of dietary barley in both the caecum and colon. There was a linear increase in the proportion of propionic acid (P , 0.001) and butyric acid (P , 0.05) with increasing barley in the colon. In conclusion, high level of dietary b-glucan (25 g/kg) is required to reduce offensive odour forming branched-chain VFAs; however, diet digestibility is compromised at such levels.

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Effect of cereal type, disintegration method and pelleting on stomach content, weight and ulcers and performance in growing pigs

Cited by 44 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of Physical Properties of Feed on Microbial Ecology and Survival of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium in the Pig Gastrointestinal Tract

Effects of Physical Properties of Feed on Microbial Ecology and Survival of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium in the Pig Gastrointestinal Tract

Nutritional influences on some major enteric bacterial diseases of pig

Effects of increasing the intake of dietary β-glucans by exchanging wheat for barley on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen excretion, intestinal microflora, volatile fatty acid concentration and manure ammonia emissions in finishing pigs

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