Effect of cereal sources and processing in diets 
for the growing rabbit. II. Effects on performances and mortality by enteropathy

Gidenne, T.; Jehl, Nathalie; Pérez, J. M.; Arveux, P.; Bourdillon, A.; Mousset, Jean-Luc; Duperray, Joël; Stephan, S.; Lamboley, Béatrice

doi:10.1051/animres:2004039

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, a large-scale study using a network of six experimental breeding units (GEC French group) demonstrated that only the fibre level plays a role in digestive trouble and not the starch level (Gidenne et al, 2004b). Furthermore, by comparing iso-fibre diets but with several starch sources varying in their intestinal digestion (maize, wheat, barley), Gidenne et al (2005) observed no effect of starch ileal flow on diarrhoea incidence in the weaned rabbit. Fibre intake thus plays a major role in determining digestive trouble in the classically weaned rabbit (28 to 35 days old).…”

Section: Brief Overview Of Polymers Of the Plant Cell Wall: Definitiomentioning

confidence: 92%

Dietary fibres in the nutrition of the growing rabbit and recommendations to preserve digestive health: a review

Gidenne

2015

Animal

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The importance of dietary fibre fractions in animal feeding is due to its influence on the rate of passage, mucosal functionality and its role as substrate for gut microbiota that relates to performance and digestive health. The complexity of the physical structure and chemical composition of polysaccharides in plant cell walls explains the wide and different physiological effects of this large range of fibre fractions. Our review will first briefly consider the definition and structure of the different classes of fibres and of cell wall constituents, followed by a description of some analytical methods employed for monogastric feeds. Second, the nutritional role and impact of fibre intake on digestive health will be described for the growing rabbit with an extensive analysis of previous studies performed without antibiotics. The fibres in rabbit feed are essential for reducing the risk of digestive trouble after weaning, and the requirements are defined in terms of the quantity and quality of the fibre fractions as follows: a minimal dietary level of lignocellulose 'ADF' (18%) and lignins (>5%), balanced with a maximum quantity of digestible fibres 'DgF' (ratio DgF/ADF below 1.3). Soluble fibres, defined as the difference between total dietary fibre and NDF, are quickly fermented and digested by the rabbit. However, their impact on digestive health is still questioned.Keywords: dietary fibres, definition, nutrition, digestive health, rabbit Implications Post-weaning mortality from digestive troubles still remains a key problem in conventional breeding of rabbits. Dietary fibres recover more than 50% of feed for the growing rabbit. New criteria for fibre analysis in feeds were developed, and were related in several recent studies with the digestive physiology of rabbits and risk of digestive troubles. The present review aims to summarise these results through an extensive analysis of the literature. We also propose practical recommendation for fibre requirements in the feed of the growing rabbit to preserve the digestive health. IntroductionThe concepts on dietary fibres historically differ in animal feeding from those developed in human nutrition. For the latter, this is a rather modern concept, mainly developed in the 1960s (Hippsley, 1953) in order to deal with several pathologies (colorectal cancer, obesity, etc.), regularly revisited (Trowell, 1978;De Vries, 1999;Elleuch et al., 2011) and often restricted to the polysaccharides of the plant cell wall of fruits and legumes. In contrast, animal nutritionists deal with other 'less-refined' fibre sources, often from whole plants (forages, by-products of seed processing, etc.), and recover a larger range of chemical components, including other polymers such as polyphenolic (lignins, tannins) or polylipidic compounds (cutins).At present, these two conceptions are converging, and dietary fibres are generally defined as polysaccharides and associated substances resistant to mammal enzyme digestion and absorption that can be partially or totally fermented in the gu...

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Section: Brief Overview Of Polymers Of the Plant Cell Wall: Definitiomentioning

confidence: 92%

Dietary fibres in the nutrition of the growing rabbit and recommendations to preserve digestive health: a review

Gidenne

2015

Animal

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“…The technology of extrusion clearly improved the digestion of maize starch, but it possibly affected feed intake before weaning. In the future, growth performances and mortality using a high number of animals in a network of experimental stations will be studied (a second part of this study [16]). …”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of cereal sources and processing in diets for the growing rabbit. I. Effects on digestion and fermentative activity in the caecum

Gidenne¹,

Segura²,

Lapanouse³

2005

Anim. Res.

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-Four high-starch diets (20%) varying only by the source of starch (wheat = diet W; barley = diet B; maize = diet M; extruded maize = diet EM) were given ad libitum before weaning (at 29 d old) from 18 days of age, to 8 litters (2 litters per diet) of 8 rabbits caged separately from their mother. Starch concentration in the ileal digesta and caecal fermentative characteristics were assessed at weaning and at 50 d of age, while faecal digestibility was measured between 46 and 50 d of age. The energy digestibility coefficient was the highest for the barley based diet while the lowest were observed for wheat and maize based diets (P < 0.05). At weaning, the level of starch in the ileum was high and similar for W, B and M diets (meanly: 8.8% DM), but was 5 points lower for the EM diet. At 7 weeks of age, it remained high (>10% DM) with the maize based diet, while it decreased for the other groups (less than 6% DM). The faecal digestibility of the glucidic fraction (NNCC) was almost complete (> 92%) and significantly higher with the EM diet followed by the B diet. NNCC digestibility was negatively correlated with ileal starch concentration (r = -0.63, P < 0.001). The fibre and protein digestibility remained unaffected by the dietary treatment, and no significant correlation was detected between the ileal starch level and fibre digestibility (NDF or ADF). Caecal VFA concentration increased by 11 mmol (+20%) from weaning to 7 weeks of age, while ammonia level decreased by 15%. Compared to weaning, at 7 weeks of age, the butyrate proportions were 5 units higher. The starch source did not significantly affect the caecal traits or fermentations, except for a slight increase in the empty caecal weight for EM and B compared to the W and M diets (P < 0.05). The ileal starch concentration was not correlated with caecal fermentative activity. rabbit / digestion / starch nature / extrusion / caecal fermentation Résumé -Effet du type de céréale et de l'extrusion dans l'alimentation du lapin en croissance. I -Conséquences sur la digestion et l'activité fermentaire caecale. Pour étudier les effets de la nature de l'amidon alimentaire sur la digestion du lapin en croissance, quatre aliments riches en amidon (20 %) variant seulement de par l'origine de l'amidon (blé = groupe W, orge = groupe B, maïs = groupe M, maïs extrudé = groupe EM) ont été distribués à volonté avant le sevrage (29 j) à partir de 18 jours d'âge, à 8 portées de 8 lapereaux (2 portées par régime) logés séparément de leur mère. La concentration en amidon iléal ainsi que l'activité fermentaire caecale ont été mesurées au * Corresponding author: gidenne@toulouse.inra.fr 56 T. Gidenne et al.sevrage et à 50 jours d'âge, tandis que la digestibilité fécale des aliments a été mesurée entre 46 et 50 j d'âge. La digestibilité de l'énergie du régime à base d'orge (groupe B) est la plus élevée, alors que celle du régime à base de maïs est la plus faible (P < 0,05). Au sevrage, la concentration en amidon iléal est assez élevée et similaire entre les groupes W, B ou M ...

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“…This may be related to the small effect of the increase in potato starch on the quantity of undigested starch entering in the caecum and on the caecal microbial population previously described. The preceding studies reported higher ileal starch concentrations (5 to 10 times higher, Gidenne et al, 2005a) that were not associated with a higher frequency of digestive troubles in the growing rabbit (Gidenne et al, 2005b). The small effect observed on digestive troubles could be linked to the similar fibre level among the PSO, PS7 and PS14 diets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Effect of substitution of wheat starch by potato starch on the performance, digestive physiology and health of growing rabbits

Pinheiro¹,

Cunha²,

Mourão³

et al. 2013

Animal

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The goal of this research was to study the effect of the substitution of wheat starch by potato starch (PS) on the performance, health and digestion of growing rabbits. Three experimental diets were formulated with 0%, 7% and 14% PS (PS0, PS7 and PS14, respectively) and similar starch contents (22% dry matter basis), proteins and fibre. The three diets were administered to three groups of 48 rabbits from weaning (28 days) to slaughter (70 days), and growth and health measurements were made. Another 10 rabbits per diet (30 rabbits at each age), reared under similar conditions, were slaughtered at 6 to 10 weeks of age, and the digesta were collected to analyse the caecal microbial activity (pH, volatile fatty acids (VFA) levels, fibrolytic activity) and the starch concentration in the ileal digesta. At the same ages, the whole tract digestibility coefficients were measured in 10 other rabbits for each treatment (30 rabbits). The feed intake between 28 and 42 days of age (days) increased by 11% (P , 0.05) in PS0 v. PS14. Over the whole growth period (28 to 70 days), weight gain was similar among diets (40.5 g/day), whereas the feed intake and feed conversion increased (8.5% and 5.2%, respectively; P , 0.05) with the PS14 diet. Mortality and morbidity were not affected by the diets. The starch concentration of the ileal contents increased (P , 0.01) with the addition of PS to the diet (0.39%, 0.77% and 1.08% for diets PS0, PS7 and PS14, respectively). Starch digestibility was 0.8 percentage units higher (99.8% v. 99.0%) with the PS0 diet than the PS14 diet (P 5 0.04). The bacterial cellulolytic activity in the caecum tended to be higher with the PS14 diet (P 5 0.07). The total VFA caecal concentration increased (P , 0.01) only in 6-week-old rabbits with PS7 compared with PS0 (54.7 v. 74.5 mmol/l). Protein digestibility and ileal starch concentration decreased (P , 0.05) with age (6 v. 10 weeks), and hemicelluloses digestibility increased (P , 0.05). At 10 weeks of age, rabbits showed a higher VFA pool (6.25 mol) and proportion of butyrate (15.9%) and a lower proportion of acetate (79.3%), ammonia level (7.5 mmol/l) and C3/C4 ratio (0.31) than at 6 weeks of age. The intake of potato starch had no effect on the performance, caecal microbial activity or digestive health of growing rabbits.

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Effect of cereal sources and processing in diets for the growing rabbit. II. Effects on performances and mortality by enteropathy

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Dietary fibres in the nutrition of the growing rabbit and recommendations to preserve digestive health: a review

Dietary fibres in the nutrition of the growing rabbit and recommendations to preserve digestive health: a review

Effect of cereal sources and processing in diets for the growing rabbit. I. Effects on digestion and fermentative activity in the caecum

Effect of substitution of wheat starch by potato starch on the performance, digestive physiology and health of growing rabbits

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