Effect of cell shape and packing density on granulosa cell proliferation and formation of multiple layers during early follicle development in the ovary

Silva-Buttkus, Patricia da; Jayasooriya, Gayani; Mora, Jocelyn; Mobberley, Margaret A.; Ryder, Timothy A.; Baithun, Marianne; Stark, Jaroslav; Hardy, Kate

doi:10.1242/jcs.036400

Cited by 102 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The cells are presumably cuboidal because they have commenced replicating and cells 'round-up' at the prophase and metaphase allowing spindle formation for division to subsequently occur (Boucrot & Kirchhausen 2008, Rosenblatt 2008. In support of this, it has been observed directly in the mouse ovary that the cuboidal granulosa cells divide more than the flat cells (Da Silva-Buttkus et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Morphological classification of bovine ovarian follicles

Rodgers¹,

Irving-Rodgers²

2010

Reproduction

120

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Follicle classification is an important aid to the understanding of follicular development and atresia. Some bovine primordial follicles have the classical primordial shape, but ellipsoidal shaped follicles with some cuboidal granulosa cells at the poles are far more common. Preantral follicles have one of two basal lamina phenotypes, either a single aligned layer or one with additional layers. In antral follicles !5 mm diameter, half of the healthy follicles have columnar shaped basal granulosa cells and additional layers of basal lamina, which appear as loops in cross section ('loopy'). The remainder have aligned single-layered follicular basal laminas with rounded basal cells, and contain better quality oocytes than the loopy/columnar follicles. In sizes O5 mm, only aligned/rounded phenotypes are present. Dominant and subordinate follicles can be identified by ultrasound and/or histological examination of pairs of ovaries. Atretic follicles !5 mm are either basal atretic or antral atretic, named on the basis of the location in the membrana granulosa where cells die first. Basal atretic follicles have considerable biological differences to antral atretic follicles. In follicles O5 mm, only antral atresia is observed. The concentrations of follicular fluid steroid hormones can be used to classify atresia and distinguish some of the different types of atresia; however, this method is unlikely to identify follicles early in atresia, and hence misclassify them as healthy. Other biochemical and histological methods can be used, but since cell death is a part of normal homoeostatis, deciding when a follicle has entered atresia remains somewhat subjective.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Morphological classification of bovine ovarian follicles

Rodgers¹,

Irving-Rodgers²

2010

Reproduction

120

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“…The first indication that a primordial follicle has been activated to begin growth is a morphological transition of the granulosa cells from a squamous to cuboidal morphology (Braw-Tal 2002;Hirshfield 1991). The external signals (if they exist) that initiate this transition remain unknown; however, it is associated with the increase in mitotic activity of the cells that is essential to enable them to fully enclose the growing oocyte (Da Silva-Buttkus et al 2008). This morphological transition is apparently not indispensable for the initiation of oocyte growth though, because the oocytes of mice lacking forkhead box protein L2 (Foxl2) begin to grow even though the granulosa cells remain squamous (Schmidt et al 2004;Uda et al 2004).…”

Section: Initiation Of Oocyte Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Oocyte Growth and Development by Intercellular Communication Within the Follicular Niche

El‐Hayek

Clarke

2016

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation

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In the mammalian ovary, each oocyte grows and develops within its own structural and developmental niche-the follicle. Together with the female germ cell in the follicle are somatic granulosa cells, specialized companion cells that surround the oocyte and provide support to it, and an outer layer of thecal cells that serve crucial roles including steroid synthesis. These follicular compartments function as a single physiological unit whose purpose is to produce a healthy egg, which upon ovulation can be fertilized and give rise to a healthy embryo, thus enabling the female germ cell to fulfill its reproductive potential. Beginning from the initial stage of follicle formation and until terminal differentiation at ovulation, oocyte and follicle growth depend absolutely on cooperation between the different cellular compartments. This cooperation synchronizes the initiation of oocyte growth with follicle activation. During growth, it enables metabolic support for the follicle-enclosed oocyte and allows the follicle to fulfill its steroidogenic potential. Near the end of the growth period, intra-follicular interactions prevent the precocious meiotic resumption of the oocyte and ensure its nuclear differentiation. Finally, cooperation enables the events of ovulation, including meiotic maturation of the oocyte and expansion of the cumulus granulosa cells. In this chapter, we discuss the cellular interactions that enable the growing follicle to produce a healthy oocyte, focusing on the communication between the germ cell and the surrounding granulosa cells.

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“…The follicle grows through inward division of the outermost layer of granulosa cells, generating additional layers until a fluid-filled cavity, the antrum, develops (Da Silva-Buttkus et al 2008). The antrum separates the granulosa cells into two subpopulations, the cumulus granulosa surrounding the oocyte and the mural granulosa adjacent to the basal lamina.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional communication between oocytes and follicle cells: ensuring oocyte developmental competence

Kidder

Vanderhyden

2010

Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.

250

150

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Female fertility is determined to a large extent by the quality (developmental competence) of the oocyte as reflected in its ability to undergo meiosis, be fertilized, and give rise to a healthy embryo. Growth of the mammalian oocyte is coordinated with that of the follicle that encloses it by the actions of signals that pass in both directions between the germline and somatic components. This review summarizes what is known about the roles played by two different modes of intrafollicular signalling in oogenesis: paracrine factors activating receptors on the opposite cell type, and direct sharing of small molecules throughout the follicle via gap junction channels. Recent evidence indicates that these two modes of signalling interact to regulate oocyte growth and granulosa cell proliferation, and that defects in either can contribute to female infertility.

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Effect of cell shape and packing density on granulosa cell proliferation and formation of multiple layers during early follicle development in the ovary

Cited by 102 publications

References 59 publications

Morphological classification of bovine ovarian follicles

Morphological classification of bovine ovarian follicles

Control of Oocyte Growth and Development by Intercellular Communication Within the Follicular Niche

Bidirectional communication between oocytes and follicle cells: ensuring oocyte developmental competence

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