Effect of cell length on gliding motility of Flexibacter

Costenbader, C J; Burchard, Robert P.

doi:10.1128/jb.133.3.1517-1519.1978

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The most closely related lineages, represented by the genera Cytophaga and Flexibacter (Fig. 1), also contain filament-forming strains (5,11). However, filamentous bacteria, which have been observed in situations where there is high flagellate grazing pressure, belong to a wide phylogenetic spectrum.…”

Section: Fig 10mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Filament Formation, a Defense Mechanism against Flagellate Grazing, Is Growth Rate Controlled in Bacteria of Different Phyla

Hahn

Moore

Höfle

1999

Appl Environ Microbiol

159

100

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A facultatively filamentous bacterium was isolated from eutrophic lake water and was identified as Flectobacillus sp. strain MWH38 (a member of the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroidesphylum) by comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Filament formation by Flectobacillus sp. strain MWH38 and filament formation by Flectobacillus major, the closest known relative of strain MWH38, were studied in chemostat cultures under grazing pressure by the bacterivorous flagellate Ochromonassp. strain DS and without predation at several growth rates. The results clearly demonstrated that filament formation by the two flectobacilli is growth rate controlled and thus independent of the presence of a predator. However, flagellate grazing positively influenced bacterial growth rates by decreasing bacterial biomass and thus indirectly stimulated filament formation. The results of investigations of cell elongation and filament formation byComamonas acidovorans PX54 (a member of the β subclass of the class Proteobacteria) supported the recent proposal that in this species the mechanism of filament formation is growth rate controlled. The finding that the grazing defense mechanism consisting of filament formation is growth rate controlled in the flectobacilli investigated and C. acidovorans PX54 (i.e., in bacteria belonging to divergent evolutionary phyla) may indicate that this mechanism is a phylogenetically widely distributed defense strategy against grazing.

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Section: Fig 10mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Filament Formation, a Defense Mechanism against Flagellate Grazing, Is Growth Rate Controlled in Bacteria of Different Phyla

Hahn

Moore

Höfle

1999

Appl Environ Microbiol

159

100

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“…Flexibacter sp. strain FS-1, another member of the family Cytophagaceae, grows as long, multicellular, motile filaments that fragment into nongliding cells during transition to the stationary phase (8,35). Filaments were significantly more adherent than fragments.…”

Section: U67mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrophobicity, Adhesion, and Surface-Exposed Proteins of Gliding Bacteria

Sorongon

Bloodgood

Burchard

1991

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The cell surface hydrophobicities of a variety of aquatic and terrestrial gliding bacteria were measured by an assay of bacterial adherence to hydrocarbons (BATH), hydrophobic interaction chromatography, and the salt aggregation test. The bacteria demonstrated a broad range of hydrophobicities. Results among the three hydrophobicity assays performed on very hydrophilic strains were quite consistent. Bacterial adhesion to glass did not correlate with any particular measure of surface hydrophobicity. Several adhesion-defective mutants of Cytophaga sp. strain U67 were found to be more hydrophilic than the wild type, particularly by the BATH assay and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The very limited adhesion of these mutants correlated well with hydrophilicity as determined by the BATH assay. The hydrophobicities of several adhesion-competent revertants ranged between those of the wild type and the mutants. As measured by the BATH assay, starvation increased hydrophobicity of both the wild type and an adhesion-defective mutant. During filament fragmentation of Flexibacter sp. strain FS-1, marked changes in hydrophobicity and adhesion were accompanied by changes in the arrays of surface-exposed proteins as detected by an immobilized radioiodination procedure.

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“…Short Flexibacter filaments, generated late in logarithmic growth and by growth in glucose salts medium (12), are unable to glide (2). We were unable to observe flexing in such cells (Table 1), although such observations are made less reliable because of the inherent difficulty in observing flexing of short filaments.…”

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confidence: 75%

“…Flexibacter FS-1 was isolated from soil by Simon and White (12) and subsequently further characterized (2,8,12). Bacteria were grown at 300C in YE/2 broth, containing one-half the yeast extract of YE (12).…”

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confidence: 99%