Effect of Cations on Effective Permeability of Leaf Cuticles to Sulfuric Acid

Smalley, S.; Hauser, H. D.; Berg, Virginia

doi:10.1104/pp.103.1.251

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…1987 ; Hauser et al . 1993 ; Smalley et al . 1993 ), but we will focus our discussion on studies that examine phylloplane pH regulation in vivo in a whole plant context (i.e.…”

Section: Physiology and Possible Mechanisms Of Short-term Phylloplane Ph Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid or base? How do plants regulate the ecology of their phylloplane?

Gilbert

Renner

2021

AoB PLANTS

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Plants interface with and modify the external environment across their surfaces, and in so doing, can control or mitigate the impacts of abiotic stresses and also mediate their interactions with other organisms. Botanically, it is known that plant roots have a multi-faceted ability to modify rhizosphere conditions like pH, a factor with a large effect on a plant’s biotic interactions with microbes. But plants can also modify pH levels on the surfaces of their leaves. Plants can neutralize acid rain inputs in a period of hours, and either acidify or alkalinize the pH of neutral water droplets in minutes. The pH of the phylloplane—that is, the outermost surface of the leaf—varies across species, from incredibly acidic (carnivorous plants: as low as pH 1) to exceptionally alkaline (species in the plant family, Malvaceae, up to pH 11). However, most species mildly acidify droplets on the phylloplane by 1.5 orders of magnitude in pH. Just as rhizosphere pH helps shape the plant microbiome and is known to influence belowground interactions, so too can phylloplane pH influence aboveground interactions in plant canopies. In this review, we discuss phylloplane pH regulation from the physiological, molecular, evolutionary, and ecological perspectives and address knowledge gaps and identify future research directions.

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“…1987 ; Hauser et al . 1993 ; Smalley et al . 1993 ), but we will focus our discussion on studies that examine phylloplane pH regulation in vivo in a whole plant context (i.e.…”

Section: Physiology and Possible Mechanisms Of Short-term Phylloplane Ph Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid or base? How do plants regulate the ecology of their phylloplane?

Gilbert

Renner

2021

AoB PLANTS

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“…Relationships with the protrees (Darrall, 1989), and this is the probable portion of nonacosan-10-ol which crystallizes into the tubes visible by SEM (Jeffree, Baker & Holloway, a result of interaction between H+ and the divalent 1975), and which accounted for 40% of the total cations, which might have reduced H+ ion uptake mass of epicuticular wax were less clear. Previous (Smalley, Hauser & Berg, 1993). field observations on Scots pine have indicated a A relationship between ageing and pollutants has relationship between decreased amounts of long-been suggested for a long time (Huttunen & Laine, chained alcohols and ketones, damaged epicuticular 1983;Huttunen, 1994).…”

Section: Wax Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epicuticular wax of subarctic Scots pine needles: response to sulphur and heavy metal deposition

et al. 1997

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SUMMARYThe response of epicuticular wax of Scots pine {Pinus sylvestris L.) needles to dry-and wet-deposited sulphur and heavy metals was investigated at six sites located 10-110 km from the Monchegorsk Cu-Ni smelter on the Kola Peninsula, North-West Russia, and in a long-term irrigation experiment where pines were exposed over four growing seasons (1991)(1992)(1993)(1994) to either acid rain treatment at pH 3-1 (HgSO^), metal treatment at pH 5-7 (Cu and Ni) or a combination of these at pH 3-1. Needle wettability exhibited a closer relationship with epistomatal wax tube distribution (WTD) than with chemical composition of epicuticular wax. Water droplet contact angles (DCA) decreased towards the smelter, and significant differences due to site were noted for 26-month-old and 38-month-old needles. Significant differences due to site were determined for secondary alcohols, dehydroabietic acid and hydroxy fatty acids, the proportions of which ranged from 22-5 to 48-9%, 6-2 to 22-4% and 0-6 to 2-6% respectively, depending on site and needle age class. The proportion of dehydroabietic acid increased towards the smelter, but no gradient was observed in the proportion of secondary alcohols or hydroxy fatty acids. No major effect of experimentally applied pollutants on the chemical composition or structure of the epicuticular wax was observed. The effect of treatment on DCA was significant in 1993 and 1994 due to a 6-5-13-2 degree greater wettability of the 37^9-month-old acid-treated needles relative to the irrigated or dry controls. Sulphuric acid at pH 3-1 did not increase needle wettability when combined with copper and nickel sulphate in similar concentrations. These data indicate that S deposition, especially H^SO^, plays a more important role in needle surface deterioration than Cu and Ni. Pollutant-induced changes in epicuticular wax structure and needle wettability mimic natural wax ageing, but at an accelerated rate. Changes in wax chemical composition might also be caused by pollutant-induced metabolic changes in elongating needles.

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Biochemistry and Physiology of Scandium and Yttrium

Horovitz¹

2000

Biochemistry of Scandium and Yttrium, Part 2: Biochemistry and Applications

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Effect of Cations on Effective Permeability of Leaf Cuticles to Sulfuric Acid

Abstract: the effective permeability to decrease to near zero. lnhibition by 10 mM CaC12 was reversed with water. l h e effects of these cations on the permeability of cuticles to protons was used to elucidate mechanisms by which cations can protect leaves from acid precipitation in nature.

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Acid or base? How do plants regulate the ecology of their phylloplane?

Acid or base? How do plants regulate the ecology of their phylloplane?

Epicuticular wax of subarctic Scots pine needles: response to sulphur and heavy metal deposition

Biochemistry and Physiology of Scandium and Yttrium

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